First isolation of Trichinella britovi from a wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Belgium

Since 1992, when the European Union Council Directive requires that wild boars (Sus scrofa) hunted in EU for commercial purpose should be examined for Trichinella, the infection has not been detected in wild boars from Belgium, despite serological evidence of the presence of anti-Trichinella antibodies in wildlife and previous reports of Trichinella larvae in this host species. In November 2004, Trichinella larvae were detected in a wild boar hunted near Mettet, Namur province (Southern Belgium). Larvae were identified as Trichinella britovi by polymerase chain reaction methods. This is the first report of the identification of Trichinella larvae from Belgium at the species level. The detection of T. britovi in wildlife in Belgium is consistent with findings of this parasite in other European countries and confirms the need to test game meat for Trichinella to prevent its transmission to humans.     

西双版纳野猪微卫星多态性研究*

 采用联合国粮农组织（FAO）和国际动物遗传学会（ISAG）联合推荐的27对微卫星DNA引物,对云南西双版纳野猪78个个体的遗传多样性进行了分析和研究,旨在为野猪遗传资源的合理利用及保护提供科学依据。结果表明：（1）78个个体在27个微卫星座位上共检出213个等位基因,各座位上等位基因数的范围在4～13之间,平均每个位点检测到789个等位基因,表明在3个野猪群体中多态性较丰富。（2）计算了等位基因频率,并以其为基础获得了野猪群体的平均杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数,分别为H均值0.81,PIC均值0.79;有效等位基因数共155.77个,有效等位基因数在2.65～10.10之间,平均数为5.77个,等位基因频率在0.0128～0.4808之间,其中位点SW72的102/等位基因频率最高,表明群体内的遗传变异较丰富。（3）计算了Nei氏标准遗传距离,结果表明景洪野猪与勐海野猪遗传距离最近,和勐腊野猪的遗传距离较远,种间内的遗传变异丰富,表明西双版纳野猪群体在核基因水平具有丰富的遗传多样性。     

富硒益生菌对种公猪精液品质的影响

在成年长白种公猪的饲料中,以0.3 mg/kg(以硒浓度计算)添加富硒益生菌,研究了富硒益牛菌对种公猪精液品质的影响.结果显示,试验组种公猪精液中的精子活率、顶体完整率、还原型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性均比对照组高,但精液中的精子畸形率比对照组低,说明富硒益生菌能明显改善种公猪的精液品质.     

公猪精液PRRSV变异株检测及NSP2、ORF5基因序列分析

用荧光RT-PCR方法从某猪场精液中检测到猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)变异株(NSP2 1 594～1 680 bp缺失)核酸阳性.提取1份阳性样品病毒核酸测定和分析其NSP2和OBF5全基因序列,结果表明NSP2基因由950个氨基酸组成,与CH-1a、VR-2332等经典PRRSV相比481位缺失1个氨基酸、532～560位连续缺失29个氨基酸,与JXA1、HUN4等毒株具有相同的缺失特性;ORF5基因第13、151位为具有强毒特性的精氨酸(R),存在4个潜在的糖基化位点,分别位于30～32、35～37、44～46和51～53位氨基酸.遗传进化分析表明,测定序列与JX-A1、HUN4等毒株关系最近,与CH-1a、NVSL等同属一个大分支,而与BJ-4、P129、RespPRRS MLV、VR-2332等处于不同分支.研究证实公猪精液可携带PRRSV变异株,因此猪场(群)在人工授精和引进精液时必须强化检疫和生物安全措施.     

黑龙江凤凰山自然保护区野猪秋季生境选择

为掌握黑龙江省凤凰山国家级自然保护区内野猪种群的空间分布现状与迁移规律,于2009年秋、冬两季,应用样线调查法和样方调查法对野猪的生境选择情况进行调查,结合Vanderloeg和Scavia选择系数(W1)与选择指数(Ei)分析评估野猪对15个生境因子的偏爱程度,用秩和检验方法比较了野猪选择样方与非选择样方的差异.结果...     

Reproductive performance and expression of imprinted genes in somatic cell cloned boars

To assess the performance of boars derived by somatic cell cloning, we analyzed various aspects of their reproductive characteristics and the expression of two imprinted genes. Cloned boars (cloned Duroc × Jinhua) were analyzed for birth weight, growth rate, age at first ejaculation, semen characteristics and fertility, in comparison with naturally bred control boars of the same strain. The expression of imprinted genes was analyzed using the microsatellite marker SWC9 for the paternally expressed gene insulin‐like growth factor ‐2 (IGF2) and with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the gene maternally expressed 3 (MEG3). The cloned boars had high production of semen and were nearly equal in level of fertility to conventional pigs; they showed similar characteristics as naturally bred boars of the same strains. The expression of IGF2 was partially disturbed, but this disturbed expression was not linked to a change in developmental fate or reproductive performance. These results indicate that use of cloned boars could be highly effective for proliferation of pigs with desirable characteristics, preservation of genetic resources and risk reduction against epidemic diseases, such as foot‐and‐mouth disease, through storage of somatic cells as a precautionary measure for use in regenerating pig populations after a future pandemic.     

基于WEB的种猪育种系统的设计与开发

采用ASP技术,开发出可以运行在Internet网络平台的种猪育种系统,对种猪场育种工作和提高育种效率,具有一定的促进作用。     

抗氧化剂在公猪精液冷冻保存中的应用

近几年来,在公猪精液冷冻稀释液中添加抗氧化剂以提高冷冻精液质量的研究受到广泛的关注。添加谷胱甘肽、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶、维生素E、L-半胱氨酸和L-谷氨酰胺、中草药成分等抗氧化剂可以有效地防止氧化损伤,提高解冻后精子活率、精子成活力、质膜与顶体完整性等,进而提高冷冻保存精液的受精能力。作者综述了抗氧化剂的抗精子冷冻损伤的作用机制及不同抗氧化剂的应用效果,并对其在公猪精液冷冻保存中的应用前景进行了展望。     

双糖对冻融后猪精子质量的影响

在传统的Tris—柠檬酸—葡萄糖(TCG)稀释液基础上,分别添加0.1 mol/L乳糖、蔗糖、海藻糖,并采用细管法对精液进行冷冻,研究不同双糖对冻融后猪精液质量的影响。结果表明:0.1 mol/L的海藻糖和蔗糖相对于对照组和0.1 mol/L的乳糖TCG稀释液能够显著改善冻融后猪精子质量,其冻融后精子的活率、顶体完整率、低渗膨胀率、平均路径速度、运动线速度、平均侧摆幅度和平均鞭打频率均明显提高(P0.05),分别达到42.14%和40.56%,51.48%和49.84%,46.20%和43.01%,32.8μm/s和33.2μm/s,60.80%和59.00%,1.70μm和1.62μm,7.68 Hz和7.62 Hz。TCG稀释液中添加0.1 mol/L海藻糖和蔗糖的猪冷冻精液体外受精的受精能力明显高于0.1 mol/L乳糖组和对照组,其卵裂率分别为41%和38%。     

野猪的遗传学研究与开发利用进展

野猪是重要的兽类资源之一,对于维持生物多样性具有重要意义。对野猪的遗传资源进行研究评估,既能起到保护遗传资源的作用,又能利用它们来改良家猪形成新的猪种。文章主要从野猪的生物学特性、与家猪的起源进化关系及开发利用前景等方面对野猪的研究进行综述,以期为野猪资源的进一步研究和种质资源的保护与开发利用提供参考。