Astrocyte proliferation in the rat hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion

AIM: To study rat astrocyte proliferation in ipsilateral hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Ischemia was induced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In hippocampus of rats at 3, 7 and 30 days after MCAO, the numbers and anatomic distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of GFAP and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the ipsilateral hippocampus were analyzed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Astrocytes appeared hypertrophic, with increased process thickness and numbers at 7 days after MCAO, and the highest density of astrocytes were seen at 30 days in the CA1, CA2 regions of the ipsilateral hippocampus. Western blot analysis revealed that GFAP levels were normal at 3 days, but increased by 7 days and remained elevation at 30 days. Western blot analysis of PCNA protein also revealed identified upregulation PCNA at 3 days after MCAO and the expression peaked at 7 days. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that focal cerebral ischemia in the rat results in a rapid response, a process often referred to as reactive astrogliosis or glial scarring, from resident astrocytes of the ipsilateral hippocampus to the side of ischemia.     

Effects of β-ME and RA on expression of GFAP in mesenchymal cells derived from mouse fetal liver

AIM: To investigate the effects of β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME) and all-trans rentinal acid (RA) on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in mesenchymal cells derived from mouse fetal liver in vitro. METHODS: Cells suspension from 14.5-days-old mouse fetal liver were cultured in DMEM/HEPES/F12 supplemented with 20％ FCS and mesenchymal cells were acquired after discarding nonadherent cells. The 5th passage cells were induced by β-ME and RA. The characteristics of treated cells were assayed by immunocytochemistry staining at 5 hours and 5 days after induction. β-actin as an internal control, GFAP gene expression of mesenchyal cells was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: After being inducted by β-ME and RA, 80％ approximately of the cells exhibited typical neural morphology and about 85％ expressed GFAP phenotype. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that mRNA expression of GFAP increased in treated cells versus untreated cells (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: GFAP expression in mesenchymal cells derived from mouse fetal liver in vitro increases after being treated with β-ME and RA.     

披碱草和野大麦杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性研究

对披碱草和野大麦及其杂种F1与BC1F1代的生物学及农艺特性进行了分析比较。结果表明,亲本野大麦生长发育节律较快,较早地开花结实,果后营养期较长,生育期74d,生长天数达206d,具有很强的分蘖能力;披碱草生长发育节律较慢,生育期124d,生长天数193d;杂种F1的生长天数介于双亲之间,生长动态偏向亲本披碱草,分蘖能力介于双亲之间;BC1F1代生长发育节律较F1代提早,不同株系生长天数不同,生长动态偏向轮回亲本野大麦,分蘖能力有较大的变异。杂种F1代表现出较强的杂种优势,BC1F1代产草量较F1代有所降低,不同株系间存在明显的差异。总体上,BC1F1代的生产性能倾向于轮回亲本野大麦。     

细胞松弛素B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响

目的　探讨细胞松弛素 B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响。方法　常规超排 KM小鼠获卵母细胞 ,将有明显第一极体的卵母细胞放入含有 5× 10 - 3、1× 10 - 2 、2× 10 - 2 g/ L CB的成熟培养液中孵育 15 min,采用盲吸法去核 ,去核后的卵母细胞放入含 5× 10 - 3g/ L Hoechst33342的成熟培养液中染色 15 min,在荧光显微镜下检查去核的效率。结果　 CB组去核率可达 88.2 % ,而对照组去核成功率仅达 2 9.7% ,两者的去核效果统计学上有显著差异 ;同时 CB的浓度过高会影响去核的效果 ,使卵母细胞的破溃率升高。结论　 CB有利于去核 ,同时卵胞膜可以借助磷脂双层的游动性而很快得到修复 ;高浓度的 CB对卵胞膜作用过于强烈 ,细胞骨架严重破坏 ,磷脂双层结构的弹性和粘性减弱 ,修复能力降低 ,影响胚胎的构建。     

禽大肠杆菌外膜蛋白基因C(ompC)的序列分析

根据 Gen Bank中人源大肠杆菌 K- 12外膜蛋白基因 C(omp C)的核苷酸序列设计引物 ,应用 PCR方法从禽大肠杆菌 O2 、O78株及它们的融合双价弱毒菌株 O2 ,78(Norr Chlr)中分别扩增得到 omp C基因 ,序列测定及分析比较发现 ,3个菌株的 om p C基因均由 170 2 nt组成 ,核苷酸序列完全相同 ,只有 1个大的开放性阅读框 (ORF) ,长 10 92 bp,编码由 36 3个氨基酸组成的前 Om p C蛋白 ,前 2 1个氨基酸残基组成信号肽 ,成熟的 Omp C蛋白由 342个氨基酸残基组成 ,Mr为 4 0 0 0 0。其氨基酸序列也完全相同。从基因水平上证明了禽大肠杆菌 O2 、O78株及融合双价弱毒菌株 O2 ,78(NorrChlr)存在相同的外膜蛋白 C抗原 ,从而为进一步研究 Omp C蛋白的免疫原性奠定了基础     

红三叶遗传图谱构建及抗白粉病基因QTL定位

本研究以感(岷山红三叶)、抗(澳大利亚红三叶品种♀Sensation×Renegade♂杂交新品系“甘农PR1”)白粉病红三叶材料为父母本杂交并种植成苗经人工接菌后筛选出抗、感白粉病的F₁群体为作图群体,利用AFLP标记构建红三叶高密度遗传图谱,并利用区间作图法对抗白粉病QTL进行了定位分析,可以为红三叶抗白粉病基因克隆和转基因等分子辅助育种奠定基础。结果表明,149个AFLP标记构建得到的遗传图谱包含7个连锁群(LG1,LG2,LG3,LG4,LG5,LG6和LG7),遗传图谱的总距离为640.5 cM。其中,LG1连锁群的遗传距离(140.6 cM)和标记间平均距离(9.4 cM)均最大;LG4连锁群的遗传距离(55.2 cM)和标记间平均距离(1.8 cM)最小。应用区间作图法对红三叶抗白粉病基因进行QTL分析定位,共检测到5个抗白粉病相关QTL位点(qrp-1,qrp-2,qrp-3,qrp-4和qrp-5),其中qrp-1、qrp-2、qrp-3和qrp-4位于LG4连锁群上,qrp-5位于LG5连锁群上。5个QTL位点对抗白粉病的贡献率为29%~90%,qrp-1对红三叶白粉病抗性的贡献率最大(90%),为主效QTL。     

小黑麦与黑麦花序结构和籽粒特性比较

植物的花序结构及其形态特征是影响种子生产性能的重要因素。对于禾本科植物而言,其花序大小、小穗数、小花数及小花的外稃、内稃和芒的性状特征直接影响种子形成和产量。本研究通过测定小黑麦品系C2、C35和黑麦品系C13、C33的花序结构特征,得到以下结果:小黑麦花序[(14.30±0.52) cm×(1.24±0.09) cm]明显大于黑麦[(13.20±0.35) cm×(0.82±0.02) cm],小黑麦花序长而粗,黑麦花序短而细;小黑麦花序的小穗数[(21.35±1.47)个]少于黑麦[(30.20±0.79)个];小黑麦每个小穗的小花数较多,为3~4朵,黑麦的小花数趋于稳定,每个小穗有2朵小花。从花序中部小穗的小花结构看,小黑麦下位护颖长[(1.27±0.11) cm]和宽[(0.26±0.03) cm]、上位护颖长[(1.30±0.09) cm]和宽[(0.23±0.04) cm]均显著大于黑麦下位护颖长[(1.04±0.05) cm]和宽[(0.08±0.01) cm]、上位护颖长[(0.94±0.10) cm]和宽[(0.06±0.01) cm];小黑麦中部小穗第1小花的外稃宽[(0.32±0.03) cm]、外稃高[(0.24±0.03) cm]和芒长[(8.35±0.51) cm]、第2小花的外稃宽[(0.35±0.04) cm]、外稃高[(0.25±0.05) cm]和芒长[(8.37±1.19) cm]极显著大于黑麦相应值[(0.26±0.01),(0.15±0.01),(5.50±0.19),(0.25±0.01),(0.17±0.01)和(5.18±0.23) cm];第1和第2小花的外稃长[(1.35±0.06),(1.37±0.06) cm]和内稃长[(0.84±0.04),(1.41±0.06) cm]均小于黑麦的外稃长[(1.49±0.05),(1.47±0.05) cm]和内稃长[(1.45±0.05),(1.47±0.04) cm]。小黑麦的穗粒数[(52.50±1.80)粒]显著低于黑麦[(58.50±2.50)粒] (P<0.05),但其穗粒重[(2.08±0.04) g]、粒重[(0.04±0.00) g]和籽粒宽[(3.04±0.32) mm]均极显著高于黑麦 (P<0.01),每个花序的籽粒不仅体积大,而且质量较重,其籽粒的生产性能高于黑麦。小黑麦籽粒呈椭圆形或长卵圆形,浅黄色,表皮皱缩,饱满度差;黑麦籽粒呈窄纺锤形,青灰色,表皮光滑,籽粒饱满。小黑麦和黑麦花序结构与籽粒性状的Pearson相关分析表明,小黑麦花序宽和花序基部小穗数与籽粒长显著正相关(P<0.05),花序长与籽粒宽极显著正相关(P<0.01),花序中部小穗的下、上位护颖宽分别与穗粒重和穗粒数极显著正相关(P<0.01);黑麦花序中部小穗第2小花的内稃长与籽粒长显著正相关(P<0.05),外稃高与穗粒数极显著负相关(P<0.01)。研究小黑麦和黑麦的花序结构和籽粒特征,对正确区分二者和了解其籽粒的生产性能具有重要意义,同时有利于小黑麦的示范推广。     

三叶木通栽培条件下的生长结果习性

三叶木通[Akebia trifoliata(Thunb)Koidz]是木通科木通属的一种营养价值较高的半落叶藤本野生果树。果实是一种品质优良的野生鲜食水果,但其种子多,果肉少,可食率较低,需要经过驯化选育栽培加以利用。从2005年起搜集野生三叶木通进行人工驯化栽培,观察其生长结果习性。结果:在人工栽培条件下果实最大单果重313.5 g、最小97.7 g、平均单果重78.1~244.1 g,并初步掌握了其生长结果习性,为进一步生产栽培及育种打下了基础。