Pseudo‐polydactyly in a horse

A 14‐month‐old half‐breed horse showed a severe lameness due to a lesion of the right forefoot which appeared completely and asymmetrically cleaved, from the solar margin to the coronary band. The horse was presented to an abattoir for slaughter and both forelimbs were collected for diagnostic investigations. The hoof lesion described herein does not fulfil the diagnostic criteria of equine polydactyly since post mortem imaging and pathological investigations ruled out the presence of supernumerary digits. Based on the clinical signs, diagnostic imaging (computed tomography) and gross examination, a diagnosis of pseudo‐polydactyly was proposed. To the best of our knowledge, the features of the present case report are unique, thus widening the range of lesions observed at the level of the hoof, which is crucial for horse health and activity.     

杏不同品种花芽分化的解剖学观察

对 1个欧洲杏品种和 2个中国杏品种的花芽分化解剖学观察结果表明 ,中国杏花芽分化的各时期均早于欧洲杏 ,各阶段持续时间也比后者短。 3个品种于 9月下旬开始出现雌蕊畸变。冬季 ,杏花芽继续发育 ,从 11月至翌年 1月芽体积增大 2 0 %～ 2 5 %。     

痢克停注射液对小白鼠的精子畸形及蓄积毒性试验

研究证明，痢克停注射液对小白鼠无蓄积毒性作用，在临床上是值得大力推广的一种中药制剂．     

Gibberellic acid influences the production of malformed and button berries,and fruit yield and quality in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

Experiments were conducted to observe the effects of foliar application of gibberellic acid on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and various disorders in ‘Chandler’ strawberry. GA₃ (75 ppm) was applied to the strawberry plants either during mid-November (at fruit bud differentiation stage), or mid-February (pre-flowering stage) or at both times. Fruit under control were sprayed with tap water only. Observations were recorded on vegetative attributes like crown height, crown spread, petiole length, leaf number, leaf area; flowering and fruit set, fruit size; production of albino, malformed and button berries, total yield and marketable fruit yield and quality parameters, like juice content, TSS, ascorbic acid contents, acidity etc. Results indicated that GA₃ (75 ppm) spray either during mid-November or mid-February or at both times has favourably influenced all vegetative attributes of ‘Chandler’ strawberry over control. Similarly, fruit set was increased, and production of malformed and button berries was reduced, but albinism remained unaffected. Although individual berry weight was reduced slightly, but fruit number, total as well as marketable yield was increased tremendously over control with no adverse effect on fruit quality parameters. In all, spraying GA₃ both during mid-November and mid-February was much more effective in achieving the desirable results than single application of GA₃ either during mid-November or mid-February.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—SPLIT CORD MALFORMATION

The features of a calf with a split cord malformation are described. Clinically, there was severe cervicothoracic kyphoscoliosis and an interscapular dermal sinus associated with cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Using magnetic resonance imaging, complete duplication of the spinal cord at the cervical intumescence was detected. There was associated syringohydromyelia, multiple cervicothoracic vertebral malformations resulting in kyphoscoliosis and rachischisis, herniation of the cerebellar vermis, meningoencephalocele, and calvarial defects.     

HYDROMYELIA IN THE DOG

Hydromyelia is a dilation of the spinal cord central canal. In man this may be due to congenital malformations such as Dandy-Walker syndrome and Chiari malformations or may be acquired as result of infection, trauma or neoplasia. In dogs hydromyelia may be accidentally diagnosed during routine cisterna magna myelography. Hydromyelia, and its possible etiology, may be confirmed by means of computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Three dogs with hydromyelia due to differing etiologies are described.     

先天性单纯阴茎下曲的手术治疗及随访

目的：研究单纯阴茎下曲畸形术式的选择和并发症的防治。方法：单纯性阴茎下曲12例，年龄3～25岁，采用多种术式进行矫正。结果：本组12例属I期治愈有ll例，并随访6个月～3a，手术效果满意，1例术后出现尿瘘行手术修补。结论：单纯阴茎下曲手术的治疗，应根据不同型选择其不同术式，并按具体情况作适当改进，才可达最佳手术治疗效果。     

Occurrence of malformin-like substances in malformed panicles and control of floral malformation in mango

Ether-soluble extracts from malformed panicles showed 2 malformin-like substances when assayed by mung bean growth test. Three malformin-like substances were found on the chromatograms using the maize root curvature test. Developing malformed panicles were sprayed 3 times with 2240 mg l^?1 glutathione or 2110 mg l^?1 ascorbic acid. Panicles thus treated appeared healthy 15 days after treatment and produced the same number of fruits as healthy panicles.     

Dynamic Compression of the Cervical Spinal Cord: A Myelographic and Pathologic Investigation in Great Dane Dogs

The authors report the radiographic and pathologic findings in 10 Great Dane dogs with the wobbler syndrome. In all 10 dogs it was possible to demonstrate myelographically that there was cervical spinal cord compression at 1 or 2 sites. The spinal cord compression was mainly dynamic in nature, as degree of compression increased in extension and decreased in flexion of the neck in 8 dogs. In 1 dog with deformed vertebral bodies (G6 and C7), compression increased slightly in flexion of the neck. In another dog, compression was lateral and could only be seen in the ventrodorsal view.The macroscopic findings substantiated the radiologic findings. The cause of the spinal cord compression was in 8 dogs a decrease in the dorsoventral diameter of the orifice of the vertebral canal of 1 or 2 vertebrae in combination with deformation and elongation of 1 or several vertebral arches. In extension of the neck, the cervical spinal cord was squeezed between the anterior tip of the elongated vertebral arch and the caudodorsal rim of the body of the adjacent cranial vertebra.Histologic examination was made of the spinal cord in 5 dogs and the compressive lesions that were found could explain the neurologic signs.In the discussion, the question is raised as to why pain is not a prominent sign in dogs with the wobbler syndrome in contrast to in dogs with cervical disc protrusion. It is believed that the inflammatory foreign body reaction, triggered by the protruded calcified nucleus pulposus is the main cause of pain in the disc protrusion syndrome. In the wobbler syndrome there is no obvious inflammatory reaction in the epidural space.Finally, the possible etiologic factors oC importance for the deformation oC the cervical vertebrae in wobblers are discussed. There are indications that both overnutrition and a genetic trait for rapid growth are of importance.     

The impact of bluetongue virus on reproduction

Bluetongue virus has been recognized as an important noncontagious, arthropodborne infectious viral disease of ruminants. 24 different serotypes of virus have been recognized world-wide. The most severe clinical disease has been associated with severe clinical disease in sheep and some free ranging wild ruminants. A number of reports have implicated the viruses as causing reproductive disorders in both males and females. The bluetongue related reproductive disorders include early embryonic deaths, abortions, malformed fetal calves or lambs, transient infertility in bulls and rams, and shedding of virus in semen. Recently, bluetongue virus contamination of modified live commercial canine vaccine was associated with abortion and acute death of pregnant bitches. The pathogenesis of these various aspects of reproductive failure are discussed herein.