浅谈高职Maya课程的教学改革

随着三维动画技术的飞速发展，Maya软件的技术为适应各种领域的需要不断更新。Maya教学也面临着新的挑战。结合作者的教学与工作实践，从岗位、授课方式、上机实践教学、培养综合素质等方面探讨了Maya课程教学改革的思路，以求达到更好的教学效果。     

Differences between µCT‐imaging and conventional CT for the diagnosis of possible diseases of the middle and inner cat ear

The aim of this study was to check the relevance of using in‐vivo micro computed tomography (µCT) for the diagnosis of possible diseases of the middle and inner ear of the cat. Therefore, on the one hand, differences of the detail detectability between the two imaging methods conventional computed tomography (cCT) and in‐vivo µCT were analyzed. Six healthy cat ears were dissected and scanned several times and the obtained images were compared with each other. On the other hand, histological slices of all ears were prepared and pictures of defined anatomical structures were taken and compared with the identical sectional plane of the µCT‐images. This way it was possible to evaluate the quality and clinical limitations of the in‐vivo µCT. The results show that an in‐vivo µCT is suitable to analyze even the smallest osseous structures, such as the semicircular ducts, the spiral osseous lamina or the ossicles whereas with the help of cCT it is not possible to identify such small osseous structures because of their blurred and less detailed representation. Delicate soft tissue structures as the membranous labyrinth including hearing and vestibular organ cannot be differentiated with as well in‐vivo µCT‐ as with cCT‐images. In‐vivo µCT represent a good possibility for more detailed diagnosis of extremely fine structures which cannot be detected with cCT. Histological slices can nonetheless not be replaced by in‐vivo µCT due to a too low spatial resolution and the limitations of the in‐vivo µCT with regard to the evaluation of soft tissue dense structures.     

Assessing the impact of urban sprawl on soil resources of Nanjing city using satellite images and digital soil databases

The Yangtse delta area is one of the most rapidly developing areas in China. There are mega-cities like Shanghai and Nanjing and the surrounding urban areas of different sizes including those along the lower reach of the Yangtse river from Shanghai to Nanjing. In combination with their satellite counties and towns, they form one of the most densely distributed urban areas in China. This is a case study conducted in Nanjing city to evaluate the impact of urban sprawl on soil resources using satellite images and digital soil database maps. The extent of the developed land in the study area and the impact of development on soil resources at a scale of 1:200,000 are estimated. The soil types occupied by the urbanization process are determined by overlaying the soil map on the satellite images (Landsat TM) of the study area at different times (1984, 1995, 2000 and 2003). This study uses a geographic information system (GIS) to combine urban land use maps of different times derived from satellite images with data on soil characteristics contained in soil databases. The results document the rapid expansion of urbanization in Nanjing city, as well as the soil types occupied by the urbanization process, and their quality. The urban area has increased 43,544 ha, 2 times more than in 1984. The urban area expanded at an annual rate of 6.9%. Thirty of the total 32 soil types (soil families) within the city were utilized by the urbanization process among which Loamy typic-Fe-leachic-stagnic anthrosol ranked the highest (12,007 ha). The loss of surface land to urban use in Nanjing city has ranged from 4.8% in 1984 to 11.8% in 2003. Soils of the first class (5349 ha) and second class (20,781 ha) were 61.5% of the total occupied soil area. Results for Nanjing show that residential, commercial, and industrial development, known as “urban sprawl,” appear to follow soil resources, with the better agricultural soils being the most affected. Several soil types appear to be on the verge of being replaced by urban sprawl. Growing urbanization may threaten food security, soil diversity and sustainability. The extent and geographic distribution of soil quality and the pedodiversity for land presently under urbanization in the study area may be determined through modeling.     

利用土壤切片及数字图像研究低丘缓坡不同部位土壤的孔隙结构特征

利用土壤切片及数字图像技术 ,初步研究了葡萄种植园低丘缓坡不同部位 (坡顶、坡中和坡底 )土壤的孔隙结构特征。结果表明 :孔隙面积随着深度的增加而减小 ,孔隙构成以直径小于 1mm的小孔隙为主 ,且随着深度增加小孔隙比重增加 ,不同部位孔隙结构具有一定的差异 ,这也说明了采取水土保持措施的必要性     

Calibration of laser-derived tree height estimates by means of photogrammetric techniques

Techniques based on laser point clouds and digital terrestrial images were demonstrated for the calibration of tree-height estimation. Individual tree heights can be roughly estimated from laser scanning data by using the approximated ground level and the highest hit of the treetop. However, laser-derived measurements often underestimate tree heights. This underestimation can arise from various error sources. Digital terrestrial images can be used to verify and understand the behaviour of laser point clouds. When laser data are backprojected in a close-range image, it is possible to show where each laser beam has reflected. This, however, requires a proper orientation of the images. In this study an interactive orientation method was used to derive image orientations, using one laser strip at a time as the reference data. Consequently, the backprojection of laser point clouds confirmed the height underestimations found by comparing the tacheometer reference measurements with the laser-derived tree heights. In addition, by using the described procedure the cause of underestimating tree heights could be explained.     

Discrimination of sterile oat (Avena sterilis) in winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) using QuickBird satellite images

Site-specific weed management implies detecting the location of weeds in order to generate maps of their spatial distribution. This information facilitates a more accurate application of herbicides, spraying them in the exact areas of weed growth and in the required doses. In order to explore the potential of commercial satellites to discriminate and map weeds, we used the information contained in high spatial resolution images acquired by the QuickBird satellite to assess the density of sterile oat (Avena sterilis) present in a winter barley field at two different dates (March and June). Our results confirmed the potential of using satellite images in the spectral discrimination of weed patches in infested fields. The results of binary logistic regressions showed that the best matches in the classification of three categories (low, medium, or high sterile oat densities) corresponded to the March image. QuickBird’s March image provided reliable estimates of sterile oat patches in barley crops when weed density was relatively high (between 86% and 94% of agreement between predicted and observed densities). However, when weed densities were lower than 10 plants/m² there were serious difficulties to distinguish them from weed-free zones (between 72 and 75% of global agreement in the classification) with large underestimation of medium density weed patches (10 plants/m²). This is a potential limitation considering than the thresholds used for herbicide application decisions are generally close to this density. However, the information obtained may still be useful for producing field maps to describe the spatial distribution of this weed. Moreover, these studies have provided valuable information on the best spectral regions and/or vegetation indices for approaching discrimination between sterile oat and cereal crops and the most suitable period for it.     

基于Flash的光影动画效果设计与制作

介绍使用Flash 8.0的脚本语句实现一架飞机飞过江域,拖曳出长长的残影的光影效果的方法。动画效果主要是通过ActionScript编程技术及条件语句和循环语句来实现。     

基于无人机可见光影像的新疆棉田田间尺度地物识别

针对无人机采集影像时不同地物最佳分辨率难以确定的问题,运用大疆M600Pro型无人机获取棉花蕾期可见光影像,结合地面调查采样数据,利用神经网络（Artificial neural networks,ANN）、支持向量机（Support vector machines,SVM）和随机森林（Random forest,RF）3种监督分类算法进行田间地物识别。分析不同分辨率（1.00、2.50、5.00、7.50、10.00cm）下对地物的识别精度,并结合算法运行时间,从分辨率、算法精度和运行时间上找到适合南疆田间尺度棉花田块地物识别的最佳分辨率和最优算法。试验结果表明：当空间分辨率为1.00cm时,SVM对地物的识别精度最高,总体精度与Kappa系数分别为99.857%和0.997。随着空间分辨率的降低,总体精度和Kappa系数呈下降趋势。当分辨率为2.50cm和5.00cm时,采用RF算法,运行时间最短,土地、棉花和滴灌带可获得较好的识别精度,总体精度与Kappa系数分别可达99.252%和0.986以上。当空间分辨率大于5.00cm时,总体精度和Kappa系数下降,滴灌带制图精度（Producer''s accuracy,PA）和用户精度（User''s accuracy,UA）下降最大。空间分辨率小于5.00cm的图像能够很好地识别蕾期棉花地的典型地物,可为进行田间地物类型及其分布状况的识别提供指导。     

现代农业信息化技术产品的研究与推广

针对我国传统农业向现代农业转变的现状,在农业领域研究并推广应用文化创意、3G服务以及物联网领域的信息技术产品,从而对农业信息化建设起到推进作用。     

明清朝鲜使者笔下的山海关

对于明时期出使北京的朝鲜人来说,山海关是他们从“小中华”进入“大中华”的大门。即使到了明后期,行使途中遭遇到的胡虏骚乱也没有能够动摇他们对于山海关的敬意和信心。可是到了清时期,在朝鲜使者眼里,山海关不再是捍卫华夏的永恒堤防。清朝中后期,朝鲜使者笔下的山海关意象因为它的日渐繁荣而再度变化,其中北学派主张接受并学习满清这个新帝国,而更多的人受华夷思想的影响,依然想恢复山海关作为“华夷大界”的功能。