动物蛋白改性剂添加量对难燃中密度纤维板静曲强度的影响

以粉状和膏状动物蛋白为改性剂,研究不同添加量对难燃中密度纤维板静曲强度的影响,结果表明:粉状动物蛋白改性剂,在一定范围内随着添加量的增加,可以使难燃中密度纤维板的静曲强度数值得到提高,最佳添加量为8%;添加膏状动物蛋白改性剂,最佳添加量为2%,随着添加量的增加,会导致难燃中密度纤维板的静曲强度降低。在提高难燃中密度纤维板静曲强度性能上,粉状动物蛋白改性剂好于膏状动物蛋白改性剂。     

Use of imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara™) in cats with multicentric squamous cell carcinoma in situ: 12 cases (2002–2005)*

Multicentric squamous cell carcinoma in situ (MSCCIS) is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma in cats, commonly referred to as Bowen’s‐like disease. Imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara?) is a novel immune response modifier (IRM) that has been reported as a successful treatment for Bowen’s disease in humans. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical findings, treatment protocols and survival in cats with MSCCIS treated with imiquimod 5% cream and to examine the effects of imiquimod 5% cream in cats with MSCCIS. The expression of papillomavirus group‐specific antigen in the study population was also determined. From review of medical records, 12 cats were identified with a histologic diagnosis of MSCCIS and treatment with imiquimod 5% cream. Initial lesions responded to imiquimod 5% cream in all cats. Most cats (75%) developed new lesions. New lesions also responded to imiquimod 5% cream in all cats treated. Five cats (41%) had side effects suspected to be associated with the use of imiquimod 5% cream, including local erythema (25%), increased liver enzymes and neutropenia (8%), and partial anorexia and vomiting (8%). Kaplan–Meier median treatment duration and median survival time probabilities for cats in this study were 1189 days, respectively. A time to failure model was generated as many cats were censored from analysis well before the aforementioned projected median. This model resulted in a shorter median survival time of 243 days. No patient‐related, tumour‐related or treatment‐related prognostic variables were identified. No expression for papilloma group‐specific antigen was found. Imiquimod 5% cream appears to be well tolerated in the majority of cats, and further studies are warranted to further examine its usefulness in cats with this disease.     

新型土壤改良剂Arkadolith对沙质土壤主要物理性质的影响

通过室内盆栽试验,研究了新型土壤改良剂Arkadolith不同施用率（0,4%,8%,12%,16%）对风沙土主要物理性质的影响。结果表明:施加土壤改良剂Arkadolith降低了土壤容重和比重,提高了土壤孔隙度与孔隙比;能明显降低沙质土壤中砂粒的含量,粒级0.05～0.01 mm的粉粒比对照降低12.5%～18.3%,提高了黏粒和物理性黏粒的含量,使原来无黏粒的沙土出现了少量的黏粒,<0.01 mm物理性黏粒增加3.3～4.0倍。施加土壤改良剂Arkadolith改良了土壤结构,4种处理土壤各粒级团聚体相较于对照均有明显的增加,以>5 mm和>0.25 mm两者为例,增加幅度分别为28.84%～66.67%和28.21%～63.49%。同时土壤改良剂Arkadolith的施用改善了沙土的持水能力和供水水平,且持水能力表现为随着改良剂施用率增加而增强。这些指标表明,施用土壤改良剂Arkadolith能有效地改善沙质土壤物理特性,增强沙土的保水能力。     

Whole‐community facilitation by beaver: ecosystem engineer increases waterbird diversity

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有机钙蛋白对土壤改良效果及其影响评价

采用田间试验,研究了试验田土壤重金属含量、有机钙蛋白土壤改良剂施用对土壤及稻米重金属含量、水稻及其秸秆产量的影响,开展了地积累指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法评价。结果表明,土壤中的阳离子交换量在各处理中的差异不明显。重金属元素中全Cd、Cr含量在各处理中变化小,而Pb、有效Cd、Hg、As含量在各处理中差异性显著。土壤中Pb含量随着改良剂的增加呈先升后降的趋势,而有效镉含量随改良剂的增加,逐渐下降,二者具有显著的线性关系。各处理下稻米中的重金属Cr和Hg均未检测出,Pb和As含量远低于国家标准的限值,且不同处理间无显著性差异。随着改良剂的增加,稻米中Cd的含量逐渐减少,水稻及其秸秆产量明显增加。地累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法评价值均随改良剂施用量的增加而减小,改良剂施用量1 000 kg/667m2~较为适宜,降Cd效果、稻谷产量及经济性等综合效益最优。     

石灰对铅污染菜园土壤的修复效果试验研究

在未污染的花岗岩砖红壤中加入重金属Pb,平衡2周后在污染土壤上施用不同水平的石灰改良刺,以小白菜作为指示作物,根据小白菜生长动态变化和收获后生物量、Pb吸收量、土壤pH、土壤中有效Pb含量等理化性质的差异,来评价各种改良剂对Pb污染砖红壤的改良效果,以便为海南花岗岩砖红壤Pb污染修复提供理论依据。试验结果表明：石灰的5个水平均对Pb污染土壤有一定的修复效果,不同程度地减轻小白菜的毒害症状。5个水平与土壤中有效铅和小白菜根茎叶铅含量成反比,高水平效果最好,该处理的小白菜不仅生物量高,而且Pb含量较低。     

Immunomodulatory effects of β‐glucans derived from Euglena gracilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae for hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis)

Beta‐glucans (BGs) can activate the animal's innate immune system, enhancing the primary defence lines against pathogenic insults. The objective of this study was to assess the immune responses of hybrid striped bass (HSB) when exposed to paramylon, derived from Euglena gracilis, or zymosan, derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two separate trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these immunostimulants as a feed additive or injected intraperitoneally. Five diets were formulated to contain either paramylon or zymosan at two different levels (50 or 100 mg/kg), and no supplementation serving as the control. Blood and head kidney were sampled, and an elevated production of anion superoxide from isolated phagocytes was observed for all supplemented groups when compared to the control. Dietary paramylon at 50 mg/kg increased immunoglobulin levels in the plasma. The second trial was conducted by injecting a BG solution (10 mg of β‐glucan kg^‐1 of body weight) and phosphate buffer solution serving as the control. Seven days after injection, blood samples were collected and immunological profiles from whole blood and plasma were significantly (p < .05) affected by the treatments. The results from this study indicate that both dietary and injected paramylon and zymosan modulated the immunological responses of HSB.     

Expression and clinical significance of SCNM1 in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the expression of sodium channel modifier 1 (SCNM1) in hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis.METHODS: The specimens were collected from 108 patients with hepatitis B-related HCC who were treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2013 to December 2015. All patients signed the informed consent and met the requirements of medical ethics. The mRNA expression level of SCNM1 in hepatitis B-related HCC tissues and tumor-adjacent tissues was detected by RT-qPCR, and the relationship between the mRNA expression of SCNM1 and the clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed. The relationship between SCNM1 expression and the prognosis of the patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plotter.RESULTS: The data from TCGA database, Human Protein Atlas database and Oncomine database showed that the expression of SCNM1 in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal liver tissues (P<0.01). SCNM1 was mainly distributed in the nucleus. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the median mRNA expression of SCNM1 in hepatitis B-related HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in the matched tumor-adjacent tissues (t=8.082, P<0.01). The mRNA expression of SCNM1 was correlated with cirrhosis, alanine aminotransferase and tumor size (P<0.05), but not with sex, age and tumor envelope. The total survi-val time of the HCC patients with high expression of SCNM1 was shorter than that of the patients with low expression of SCNM1 (HR=1.53, P=0.016), and that of the patients with hepatitis B-related HCC was even shorter (HR=2.41, P=0.015).CONCLUSION: SCNM1 is highly expressed in hepatitis B-related HCC and may play an important role in the development of hepatitis B-related HCC.     

微波消解-石墨炉原子吸收法测定茶叶中的镉含量

采用微波消解系统处理样品,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中的镉含量。结果表明:该法可以大大减少消化试剂的用量及样品的处理时间,干扰小,准确度高。镉的测定结果相对标准偏差为8.9%～12.5%,检出限为0.002 mg/kg。     

荔枝施用营养型酸性土壤改良剂的增产改土效果

连续3年定点试验表明:施用营养型酸性土壤改良剂后,荔枝(Litchi chinensis)产量显著提高.东莞篁村点1999年增产11.30～21.80 kg·株-1,2000年增产20.00～26.80 kg·株-1,2001年增产19.90～26.10 kg·株-1;从化佐村点1999年增产2.90～9.80 kg·株-1,2000年增产1.30～5.00 kg·株-1,2001年增产1.70～8.20 kg·株-1.施用土壤改良剂后,荔枝园土壤理化性状也得到明显改善,表现为土壤pH提高,交换性Ca、Mg含量增加.从化佐村点土壤碱解N、有效P(P2O5)和速效K(K2O)含量分别提高50.77%、333%、108%,东莞篁村点土壤碱解N、有效P(P2O5)和速效K(K2O)含量分别提高37.5%、233%、74.8%.