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101.
机械化深施肥技术是作物施肥作业的技术创新,可提高作业效率、肥料利用率和作物产量.但机械化深施肥技术要达到普及推广,还须采取多种措施:加大推广示范和政策扶持力度,加强深施肥技术的农机与农艺配套研究,研究制定机械施肥作业技术标准;农机制造企业要提高产品性能和质量,提高设备使用的可靠性;同时,化肥生产企业也应参与研究,共同开发与深施技术配套的肥料. 相似文献
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基于技术进步视角,构建服务业FDI影响产业安全的理论模型,并采用1996-2013年的时序数据和分位数回归方法进行检验。实证结果表明,服务业FDI对技术进步的总效应为正;分位数回归进一步揭示,服务业FDI对技术进步的直接效应为正、间接效应为负,并在技术进步的低中分位点上,服务业FDI的直接效应大于间接效应,而在技术进步的高分位点上,服务业FDI的直接效应小于间接效应。研究证实,在技术进步的初期,服务业FDI会对产业安全发展产生直接的正向推动作用,但随着时间的推移,服务业FDI会威胁其产业安全。 相似文献
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Cover crop use can help mitigate the deleterious effects of common cropping practices (e.g., tillage) and is, therefore, an important component of soil health maintenance. While known to be beneficial in the long-term, the short-term effects of cover crops, specifically mixed-species cover crops in organic systems are less clear. Cover crop effects on tomato productivity and disease severity were recorded over three field seasons (2010, 2011 and 2012) at sixteen field sites in three states, Maryland, New York and Ohio (MD, NY and OH), each with distinct soilborne disease pressure. Plots of five state-specific cover crop treatments were established the season prior to tomato production; the resulting plant residue was incorporated the following spring approximately four weeks before tomato planting. Total fruit yields along with early-season shoot height and fresh weight were used to compare treatment effects on productivity. Treatment disease severity ratings relied on natural inoculum. Interestingly, the effect of a single season of cover cropping on total yield was significant in no more than 25% of all site years. Similarly, cover crop effects on tomato disease levels were significant in 0–44% of the sixteen field sites. However, significant field-specific patterns were observed in every state across multiple years for some treatments. For example, in New York in 2010, tomato yields following all mixed cover crops were greater than the single rye cover crop in one field, but this pattern was reversed in the adjacent field. Thus, no general recommendation of a specific cover crop mixture can be made for near-term enhancement of tomato productivity or for reduction of disease. Therefore, growers should focus on location and operation-specific variables when choosing cover crops. 相似文献
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Grain legumes play an important role in community livelihood and in the national economy in Kenya. Unfortunately, in many African countries, production doesn't satisfy the demand in grains due to various constrains. Understanding farmers practices and behavior in the management of grain legume pests is a crucial step in the development of sustainable management strategies. A total of 216 farmers were surveyed in eight districts of eastern Kenya to evaluate farmers' knowledge and perceptions of grain legume pests; to examine current pest management practices, and to identify other production constraints. Grain legumes are grown by a wide age-group of farmers, with both genders equally represented. Chemical control remains the main pest management strategy, and, to ensure pesticide effectiveness, farmers also use increased application rates, chemical alternation, frequent application and mixtures of chemicals. While farmers used other control measures, they showed only limited interest in biological control. The majority of the farmers had experience in grain legume farming and were able to identify the major pests, which were the legume flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom, the cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and the legume pod borer Maruca vitrata Fabricius. Our survey revealed that education and proximity to extension services contributed significantly to farmers' knowledge of grain legume pests, suggesting the need to provide continuous training and capacity building on integrated pest management in grain legume farming. The study also suggests integration of other pest management strategies such as the use of early maturing varieties, biopesticides and biofertilizer to reduce the use of chemical for sustainable pest management. 相似文献
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在党和政府高度重视都市农业问题研究的同时,越来越多的学者投入到都市农业问题的研究中,学术界对于都市农业问题的研究日益升温。基于CNKI数据库1991~2012年中关于都市农业问题研究的研究文献获得有关数据,从都市农业问题研究的年代分布、研究人员分布、研究机构分布、学术影响力、学科分布5个方面进行探讨。通过数据分析得出:都市农业问题研究的优势资源主要集中在北京和东部沿海发达省市;研究机构主要集中在高等院校;都市农业问题的研究热点主要集中在农业经济研究领域。建议应加大西部地区的资源配置与研究力度,促进西部地区都市农业问题的研究。 相似文献