超声提取-离子色谱法测定蜂蜜柚子茶中的可溶性糖

建立超声提取-高效阴离子交换-脉冲安培检测(HPAE-PAD)同时分离并测定蜂蜜柚子茶中可溶性糖的分析方法.采用METROSEP CARB 1(150mm×4.0mm)分离柱,对分离条件进行了优化,确定淋洗液为5.0mmol/L的NaOH溶液,流速为1.0mL/min.蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖的检出限分别为0.2,0.1,1.0μg/mL.混合标准溶液连续6次进样,峰高相对标准偏差为1.56%3.40%,回收率为86.80%98.80%.该方法样品前处理简单,灵敏度高,为蜂蜜柚子茶的质量检测提供了一个简单有效的方法.     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫各阶段虫体纯化方法的改进

本文报道了改进的柔嫩艾美耳球虫各阶段虫体纯化方法。用胃蛋白酶消化盲肠道组织，铜筛过滤除去大颗粒杂质后，以1．1mol·mL－1蔗糖离心漂浮卵囊，然后用小于0．5mol·mL－1蔗糖溶液反复漂洗，最后以5％次氯酸钠消毒处理，获得了大量纯化柔嫩艾美耳球虫卵囊。孢子化卵囊经研磨，消化，游离出子孢子后，过DEAE-纤维素52层析柱，以0．05mol·mL-1，Tris－HCl，（pH＝80，0．15mol·mL1-NaCl）洗脱，层析往高5cm，洗脱液水柱高3cm，流速为2mL·min－1，纯化出了子孢子。取人工感染球虫鸡的120h后的盲肠，游离出第二代裂殖子，铜筛过滤后，过柱方法同前，纯化出了第二代裂殖子。结果证明本法分离的子孢子和第二代裂殖子活性好，回收率达87％。     

杨梅果汁的抗氧化特性研究

选用浙江余姚的四个杨梅品种为研究材料,对杨梅的主要理化指标进行了分析测定,并研究了杨梅汁的抗氧化效果.综合实验结果得到如下结论:花色苷、黄酮、总酚含量最低的粉红种对羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力最弱;总酚含量最高的迟大种清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子的能力最强.杨梅中酚类物质的含量与抗氧化能力有着较明显的相关性.     

B对花椰菜叶片活性氧代谢的影响

研究不同 B质量浓度条件下花椰菜生长过程中叶片超氧阴离子自由基 (O- 2 )、丙二醛 (MDA)和谷胱甘肽 (GSH)含量以及脂氧合酶 (LOX)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化物酶 (POD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT)活性的变化 .结果表明 :(1 )在缺 B条件下 ,随处理时间的延长 ,O- 2 、MDA含量增加 ;GSH含量 ,SOD、POD、CAT和 LOX活性表现出先上升后下降的趋势 .(2 )正常 B处理条件下 ,O- 2 、MDA含量较低 ;GSH含量 ,SOD、CAT活性较高 .表明 B胁迫条件下花椰菜叶片活性氧代谢发生异常 ,活性氧清除能力减弱 ,膜脂过氧化加剧     

Bacterial and archaeal communities in saline soils from a Los Negritos geothermal area in Mexico

In recent years, there has been a growing need to understand how salinity affects microbial communities in agricultural soils. Archaeal and bacterial community diversities and structures were investigated by high-throughput sequencing analysis of their 16S rRNA in two arable soils with low electrical conductivity(EC)(2.3 and 2.6 dS m^-1) and a saline soil(EC = 17.6 dS m^-1). The dominant bacterial phyla in the soils were Proteobacteria(relative abundance(RA) = 46.2%), followe...     

Use of Ion-Exchange Membrane to Assess Nitrogen-Supply Power of Soils

Soil nitrogen-supply power (NSP), including nitrogen (N) mineralized from organic matter, for crop growth is an important criterion in evaluating soil quality. Ion-exchange membranes in the form of plant root simulator (PRS) probes were used to measure ammonium and nitrate release rates as a measure of NSP in 54 Saskatchewan soils with contrasting pedogenic and management histories. Two incubation systems (aerobic and anaerobic), with ion-exchange membrane probes placed in situ, were conducted to predict NSP. The 54 soil samples were also used in two growth-chamber studies to assess patterns in plant N uptake by canola. Soil type had a profound influence on available N-supply rates, with soils of higher organic-matter content due to climatic conditions, slope position, and past management having higher NSP values. Good relationships (R² = 0.54 and 0.69) between NSP and canola N uptake were observed. The N-supply rate values used as an index of NSP as predicted by two-week aerobic incubation for Brown, Dark Brown, and Black soils in Saskatchewan were 200–550, 550–1100, and > 1100 μg nitrate-N/10cm²/2 wks, respectively, with different management histories producing significant variation within a region.     

Effects of anion channel blockers on xylem nitrate transport in barley seedlings

Abstract

Taxonomic characteristics in accumulating Co and Ni was investigated with 60 plant species (37 genera, 27 families) grown on granite derived soils containing slightly low level of available Co. Considerable variations in Co and Ni content were observed among plant !species with small differences with regard to sampling sites. Exceptionally high Co content (25 ppm on D.W. basis) was found in the leaves of Clethra barbinervis. The value was about 48 times higher than the lowest Co content species. Reasonably high Co content was found with some species in genera: Hydrangea and Viburunum. Ni was highly accumulated in the leaves of Sasa borealis (16 ppm) and in fruits of Clethra barbinervis (65 ppm). [Other Nirich species were especially found in genera: Struthiopteris, Hydrangea, Stewartia, Clethra, and Symplocos. High positive correlation (P<0.01) was found between the concentration of Co and Ni in plant species.     

间作及伴随阴离子肥料对油菜吸收积累镉的影响

为提高Cd污染土壤植物修复效率, 采用盆栽方法研究了Cd含量为10.0 mg·kg^-1的土壤中, 伴随阴离子肥料和间作鹰嘴豆对油菜生长与吸收积累Cd的影响。结果表明: 单作下, 不同肥料处理土壤DTPA提取态Cd含量为Cl^->NO₃^->SO₄^2- >无伴随阴离子; 间作鹰嘴豆提高土壤DTPA提取态Cd含量, 且伴随C₁^-、SO₄^2- 或NO₃^- 条件下达显著水平。单作下, 油菜主根长为NO₃^- >C₁^- >SO₄^2- >无伴随阴离子, 根系体积为SO₄^2->NO₃^- >C₁^- >无伴随阴离子, 根系活力NO3 >SO42 >Cl >无伴随阴离子; 间作鹰嘴豆在无肥处理下可显著提高油菜的主根长与根系体积, 在无肥处理、SO₄^2- 、NO₃^- 处理下显著提高根系活力。单作下, 油菜地上部Cd含量表现为C₁^- >SO₄^2- >NO₃^- >无伴随阴离子, 间作鹰嘴豆可显著降低无肥处理地上部Cd含量, 但显著提高施肥处理地上部的Cd含量。单作下, 施肥可显著增加油菜的Cd积累总量, 以伴随C₁^-处理最大, 达470.4 μg·plant^-1; 间作鹰嘴豆也可提高油菜的Cd积累总量, 且伴随C₁^- 处理最大, 达783.7 μg·plant^-1。除伴随C₁^- 处理外, 施肥处理均可显著提高油菜的Cd转移系数, 施肥处理的Cd转移系数均大于1; 间作鹰嘴豆也可提高油菜的Cd转移系数, 且施肥条件下达显著水平。因此, 如果把油菜用作Cd污染土壤植物修复作物, 可选择施用含Cl 肥料和间作鹰嘴豆, 以提高修复效率。     

库页红景天多糖的抗氧化作用评价

【目的】探讨库页红景天多糖的体外抗氧化作用,为红景天多糖的合理开发利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用黄嘌呤—黄嘌呤氧化酶—鲁米诺发光体系、抗坏血酸-CuSO4-酵母-H2O2系统及荧光法分别测定库页红景天多糖对超氧阴离子（O2）、羟自由基（·OH）、NO的清除作用,同时采用Fe2＋诱发脂蛋白过不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）过氧化体系评价库页红景天多糖的抗脂质过氧化作用。【结果】库页红景天多糖的总糖含量为42.49%,糖醛酸含量为38.28%。库页红景天多糖能有效清除O2、·OH、NO及抑制脂质过氧化,抑制率分别达到90.50%、87.72%、70.25%和85.05%,其对应的IC50分别为3.30 μg/mL、0.90 mg/mL、20.00 μg/mL和0.90 mg/mL。【结论】库页红景天多糖是一种良好的天然抗氧化剂,可应用于食品、医疗和保健等方面。     

SAN++间隔流动分析仪检测污水中阴离子合成洗涤剂

利用荷兰SKALAR公司的SAN++间隔流动分析仪检测污水中阴离子合成洗涤剂含量,此方法具有较高的精密度和准确度,减少对操作人员的危害,适合大批量快速检测,适合社会日益发展的需求。