高效阴离子交换色谱法测定毛头鬼伞多糖中的单糖组成

本文采用高效阴离子交换色谱—脉冲安培检测器（HAPEC-PAD），建立了一种测定多糖中单糖比例的方法。以NaOH为淋洗液、CarboPac^TM A20预处理柱，CarboPac^TMPA20分离柱，金工作电极，Ag/AgCl参比电极，8种自然界中常见单糖标准品做混合标样，探索方法可行性。在淋洗液浓度为2．5mmol／L时，各种单糖组分得到有效分离，其线性和重现性均良好并在此基础上测定了毛头鬼伞多糖中单糖比例；与传统的方法相比，此方法具有前处理简单、灵敏度高、节省时间和试剂等优点。     

Novel Caryophyllane-Related Sesquiterpenoids with Anti-Inflammatory Activity from Rumphella antipathes (Linnaeus, 1758)

Two previously undescribed caryophyllane-related sesquiterpenoids, antipacids A (1) and B (2), with a novel bicyclo[5.2.0] core skeleton, and known compound clovane-2β,9α-diol (3), along with rumphellolide L (4), an esterified product of 1 and 3, were isolated from the organic extract of octocoral Rumphella antipathes. Their structures, including the absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical experiments. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity analysis indicated that antipacid B (2) inhibited the generation of superoxide anions and the release of elastase by human neutrophils, with IC₅₀ values of 11.22 and 23.53 μM, respectively, while rumphellolide L (4) suppressed the release of elastase with an IC₅₀ value of 7.63 μM.     

W/O微乳液体系中SA和MS清除·O_2~-的研究

以水溶液体系作为对照,利用分光光度法研究了W/O型微乳液体系中水杨酸（SA）和水杨酸甲酯（MS）清除超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）的性能.结果发现,在水浴时间为20min、pH值为8.20和邻苯三酚加入量适宜的情况下,W/O微乳液体系中SA、MS对·O2-的清除率分别可达72.92%、81.47%.微小的pH值变化会引起邻苯三酚自氧化速率的显著变化,电解质溶液对其也有明显的影响,但对SA、MS清除·O2-的能力影响不大.     

围产前期饲喂DCAD对奶牛营养代谢疾病的影响

试验通过在奶牛围产前期日粮中以?瘙
厫560 g/kg的标准添加阴离子盐,以观察DCAD的饲喂效果.结果表明:在奶牛围产前期饲喂阴离子盐有利于牛体健康,能显著降低产后瘫痪及乳房炎的发病率(P＜0.05),极显著降低胎衣不下和子宫内膜炎的发病率(P＜0.01),同时有利于奶牛产后体况的恢复,缩短奶牛产后第一次发情时间26.5天(P＜0.05),显著提高奶牛产奶量,产后30天奶牛日产奶量可提高11.7%(P＜0.05).     

谷氨酰胺对免疫细胞的影响研究进展

谷氨酰胺作为一种条件性必需氨基酸,在动物处于特殊生长阶段如幼龄期或在应激期间都显示出明显的免疫促进作用。动物免疫力的高低直接取决于各种免疫细胞如淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞的生长情况和免疫应答能力,谷氨酰胺的免疫促进作用与影响免疫细胞生长和免疫应答能力的发挥密切相关。本文就谷氨酰胺与免疫细胞增殖、分化、凋亡、分泌和热休克反应的研究进展做一综述。     

空气负氧离子对鸡胚和雏鸡生长发育的影响

将星杂288鸡种蛋960枚随机分为4组,进行3周孵化试验,各组空气负氧离子浓度分别为200000、100000、50000和40个/cm3。再取孵出的雏鸡120只随机分为4组,进行6周饲养试验,所设负氧离子浓度分别为100000、50000、25000和30个/cm3。结果表明:(1)200000和100000个/cm3负氧离子有助于胚胎的生长发育,能提高种蛋的孵化率;(2)50000个/cm3负氧离子可降低雏鸡料肉比和死亡率,并能促进雏鸡的生长发育,改善雏鸡的某些血液生理生化指标;(3)25000个/cm3以上的负氧离子对孵化和育雏的空气环境有一定净化作用。     

重金属铊胁迫下水稻（Oryza sativa L.）根系草酸含量与铊吸收的关系

铊（Tl）作为一种非必需、高毒性重金属元素,会干扰植物的正常发育,并在食物链中引起严重的毒性积累。根系分泌有机酸在抗重金属污染中起着重要作用。为研究铊胁迫下的植物根系有机酸分泌特征与重金属吸收的关系,利用水培法对Tl胁迫下水稻（Oryza sativa L.）植株草酸分泌和Tl分布特征进行检测和分析,研究不同抑制剂对水稻草酸含量及Tl含量的影响,并分析水稻内部草酸含量与Tl吸收及分布的相关性。结果显示,Tl胁迫浓度从10 μmol·L^-1提高到25 μmol·L^-1,水稻根系外分泌的草酸量呈上升趋势;但随着铊胁迫时间的延长,草酸分泌量又逐渐减少。阴离子通道抑制剂苯基乙二醛（PG）和尼氟酸（NIF）显著抑制根系外泌草酸含量,NIF的抑制作用强于PG。根比叶积累更多的Tl,其中根细胞质是储存Tl的主要部位。水稻根系内草酸含量与植株Tl含量呈极显著正相关（r=0.923,P<0.01),表明水稻根系内部草酸含量对水稻植株耐受Tl具有重要作用。     

Antioxidant Activity of Pigment Extracted from Green-Wheat-Bran

The anthocyanin pigment extracted from green-wheat-bran was studied to identify its antioxidant activity.The antioxidant activities of the pigment were evaluated by anti-lipid peroxidation,total antioxidant activity （TAA）,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity （SARSA）,active oxygen scavenging activity （AOSA）,and DPPH （1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl free radical） radical scavenging activity.The results showed that the pigment had higher antioxidant activity and TAA,SARSA,AOSA and DPPH.scavenging activities at a certain concentration than Vc （antiscorbutic vitamin,vitamin C）,and the capacity increased with the increase of pigment concentration.Its TAA was 51.06 U mL-1,1.73 times of Vc,and SARSA 18 025.21 U mL-1,2.26% higher than Vc,and AOSA 3 776.31 U mL-1,1.24 times of Vc.As to the DPPH.scavenging activity of the pigment,there was a trend that higher concentration performed higher activity significantly improved with the company of Vc.The pigment showed significant antioxidant activities evaluated by different assays.Results will provide a better understanding on antioxidant activity of green wheat and allow the screening or breeding of green wheat varieties with higher antioxidant activity for food processing.