西瓜成熟花粉的超微结构

为了解西瓜成熟花粉的超微结构特点,特别是营养细胞和生殖细胞之间的关系,选取刚开花的西瓜雄花采集花粉,2.5%戊二醛固定并制成超薄切片,透射电镜观察照相。结果表明,西瓜成熟花粉粒中营养细胞含丰富脂类储藏物质和内质网,内质网堆叠,周围和间隙中充满脂类物质;含丰富高尔基体和大量小泡;质体很少。营养核通常深度开裂,产生多数裂片,裂片伸向生殖细胞。生殖细胞流线型,细胞壁电子透明,细胞核伸长,细胞质含高尔基体、内质网,不含质体。生殖细胞表面产生波状突起,波峰背离营养核。生殖细胞一端伸入营养核裂片间隙,2者构成雄性生殖单位。     

黑皮黄瓤小西瓜新品种雪峰小玉8号的选育

雪峰小玉8号是湖南省瓜类研究所最新育成的长椭圆形、黑皮、黄瓤、耐贮运二倍体小果型西瓜新品种。植株生长势强,抗病抗逆性强,坐果性好。全生育期85d左右,果实发育期25d左右。皮厚约0.7cm,果皮硬度26kg/cm2,不裂果;中心可溶性固形物含量12%～13%;单果重2～3kg,667m2产量2000～3500kg。2007年2月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

花皮高产西瓜新品种安业8号的选育

安业8号是山东省邹平县安业农作物研究所选育的中熟、花皮、大果型一代杂交西瓜新品种。全生育期约100d,果实发育期33d;具有果个大、花皮韧、易坐果、品质优、抗性强、适应范围较广等突出特点。     

西瓜播种前种子处理概述

西瓜是栽培面积较大的作物之一。西瓜种子处理对其幼苗的活力、发芽率以及西瓜生产均有很大的影响。文章概述了西瓜种子播种前的处理方法及其作用,对今后西瓜播种前种子处理的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Allelopathic potential of watermelon tissues and root exudates

Allelopathic potential of watermelon in hydroponic culture was investigated using the continuous root exudates trapping system (CRETS). Laboratory bioassays and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for quantification of phytotoxins in different plant tissues and root exudates collected using XAD-4 resin. Seedling growth of both watermelon and lettuce was significantly inhibited by watermelon root exudates and the degree of inhibition increased with increasing concentration of exudates. Root exudates had inhibitory effects throughout the experiment and these were most pronounced during the period 41–50 days after transplanting. Inhibitory effects of various plant tissues were demonstrated using the bioassay tests. Frulic acid was the dominant component found using HPLC and the amounts of allelochemicals found in the plant extracts were correlated with the bioassay results using the Petri dish test. The results indicate that the allelopathic potential of watermelon may play an important role in the phenomenon referred to as ‘soil sickness’.     

西瓜野生种质耐冷性基因连锁的RAPD标记

运用ＲＡＰＤ技术进行了西瓜野生材料ＰＩ４８２３２２耐冷性基因连锁的分子标记的研究,找到了一个分子连锁标记ＯＰＧ１２／１９５０与耐冷基因连锁,其遗传距离为６．９８ｃＭ。     

不同西瓜类型果实茄红素含量的比较研究

采用分光光度法对33个西瓜材料进行茄红素含量的测定,材料涉及不同的瓤色和倍性。结果表明:在白瓤、橙黄瓤、金黄瓤、粉红瓤、红瓤和深红瓤的西瓜材料之间,白瓤西瓜茄红素含量最低,深红瓤西瓜含量最高,茄红素的含量与瓤色大致成正相关。其中深红瓤二倍体西瓜材料中S292、VS8-44的茄红素含量比较高,分别为6.372 mg/100g鲜重和6.350 mg/100g鲜重,三倍体材料中最高的是VS6-19,茄红素含量为6.684 mg/100g鲜重。同瓤色的不同材料之间茄红素的含量与倍性无关,与材料的基因型相关。     

西瓜种质资源的研究进展

对国内外的西瓜种质资源的收集、鉴定利用和种质资源创新等方面进行阐述.总结国内外西瓜种质资源研究上取得的成就,并对我国西瓜种质资源存在的问题提出建议.     

介绍1个新的短蔓西瓜基因

对在长蔓西瓜材料5-6y中发现的1株短节间突变体的研究显示,其受制于1对隐形基因。这1新的短蔓突变体(系)暂命名为d5-6y,它既不与已知的dw-1和dw-2等位,也无法与dw-3进行测定,建议将这一新的短蔓基因命名为dw-4。     

Prediction of watermelon quality based on vibration spectrum

Judging watermelon quality based on its apparent properties such as size or skin color is difficult. A non-destructive method is employed here, based on vibrational response spectrum, to determine the quality indices of watermelon (Charleston gray). The responses of samples to vibration excitation were recorded by laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The phase shift between input and output signals were extracted over a wide frequency range. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and TSS/TA ratio also measured as watermelon quality characters. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) as well as partial least square regression (PLS) was applied to extracted vibration spectrums to construct prediction models of watermelon quality. The results showed that performance of SMLR models were better than PLS. The determination coefficients (R²) of SMLR validation models were 0.9976, 0.9985 and 0.9542 for TSS, TA and TSS/TA respectively. It is likely that reduction of cell wall materials to soluble solids during ripening process changes viscoelastic properties of watermelon reflected by vibrational response. This study demonstrated the feasibility of mentioned method for predicting the quality of watermelons in an industrial grading system.