中国高影响力医学论文的地区分布报告

利用国内专业引文数据库《中国生物医学期刊引文数据库》（CMCI）的数据，统计得出被引频次达30次以上的高影响力医学论文共有3 548篇，并按地区进行了计量分析。从而看出，发表高影响力论文数量较多的地区多分布在经济文化较发达的东南沿海和中东部地区，西部地区和经济欠发达地区高影响力论文数量则相对较少。     

Sulfur content of plant material: A comparison of methods of oxidation prior to determination

Abstract

Procedures for S determination involving digestion of plant material with HNO₃/HClO₄ mixtures gave lower values than those using oxygen flask combustion. Tests on a range of S compounds showed that the HNO₃/HClO₄ procedure underestimated S present in methionine, cysteine and glutathione but S in sulfate and the glucosinolate, sinigrin, was not underestimated.

Low recoveries using HNO₃/HClO₄ digestion procedures can be due both to incomplete oxidation of certain compounds and to gaseous losses during the vigorous boiling stage of digestion.     

鹿角托盘总蛋白的提取工艺研究

[目的]优化鹿角托盘总蛋白提取工艺。[方法]以总蛋白得率为评价指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计优选最佳提取工艺。[结果]最佳提取工艺为：用含0.3mol/LNaCl,20mmol/LNa2HPO4缓冲液（pH值为9）提取,料液比为1：15,提取时间为24h,提取3次。在此工艺条件下,总蛋白得率达10%以上。[结论]试验优选出的工艺稳定、合理、可行。     

山毛豆草粉颗粒料对肉兔的饲用价值评定

为探讨山毛豆(Tephrosia candida)草粉对肉兔的饲用价值,将60只新西兰青年肉兔分为5组,分别添加0％(对照),10％,20％,30％和40％的山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料,饲喂90 d后测定各组饲料的营养成分及肉兔采食量、日增重、料重比和屠宰性能.结果表明:山毛豆营养生长期粗蛋白含量为17.77％,肉兔对山毛豆中粗蛋白的消化率为78.09％,山毛豆的可消化总养分为56.18％.与对照组相比,添加20％草粉日增重达到20.80 g·d-1(P＜0.01);料重比为4.45∶ 1(P＜0.05)；屠宰率为57.78％(P＜0.01)；单位kg增重平均最低饲料成本差异显著(P＜0.05).因此,添加20％山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料可显著提高肉兔的生产性能和养殖效益.     

Susceptibility to IVM in a field strain of Haemonchus contortus subjected to four treatments in a closed sheep-goat flock in Kenya

Susceptibility to IVM (IVM) of “strain A” Haemonchus contortus which had been exposed to IVM four times over a 2-year period was compared to IVM susceptibility of “strain C” H. contortus which had no prior field exposure to IVM, by in vivo and in vitro methods. In vivo, the percentage reduction in faecal egg counts (FEC) and the total worm counts (TWC) were compared between control animals (lambs and kids) and animals treated with low dose IVM (20 μg/kg). In vitro susceptibility to IVM was evaluated by larval migration inhibition (LMI) after the two strains of H. contortus were exposed to different concentrations of IVM. The dose response, measured as the proportion of larvae inhibited from migrating, was used to estimate LD₅₀. Although differences in response to IVM in the in vivo determinations were not significant, “strain A” H. contortus had a significantly higher LD₅₀ than “strain C” in the LMI assay. Coincident with the conduct of the in vivo experiment, it was observed that “strain A” H. contortus established and survived better than “strain C” in the control lambs.     

Effects of three different concentrate proportions and rapeseed meal supplement to grass silage on animal performance of dairy-breed bulls with TMR feeding

A 3 × 2 factorial design with growing dairy-breed bulls was used to study the effects on animal performance of (1) proportion of concentrate (rolled barley) in the diet, and (2) inclusion of rapeseed meal (RSM) in the barley-based concentrate in a total mixed ration (TMR). The interactions between concentrate proportion and RSM supplement were also examined.Three feeding experiments comprised in total of 84 Finnish Ayrshire bulls and 6 Friesian bulls. The bulls were fed TMR ad libitum. The three concentrate proportions were 300 (L), 500 (M) and 700 (H) g/kg dry matter (DM), fed without RSM (RSM−) or with RSM (RSM+). Rapeseed meal was given so that the crude protein (CP) content of the concentrate was raised to 160 g/kg DM in the RSM+ diets. In the RSM− diets the CP content of the concentrate was 128 g/kg DM, so the CP content increased 25% with RSM supplementation. Increasing the proportion of concentrate led to a linear improvement in daily live weight gain (LWG) (P < 0.05), but there were no significant treatment differences in the DM intake (kg/d). Increasing the proportion of concentrate also led to significantly higher CP (P < 0.001) and phosphorus (P) (P < 0.001) supply and significantly improved DM and organic matter (OM) digestibility (P < 0.001). However, the digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) decreased (P < 0.001) as the proportion of concentrate increased. The feed conversion rate (kg DM/kg LWG) decreased significantly with increasing concentrate proportion (P < 0.001). Rapeseed meal supplement had no effect on animal performance, but the supply of CP (P < 0.01) and P (P < 0.001) was higher when RSM was included in the diet. The CP (P < 0.001) and NDF (P < 0.05) digestibilities were also higher for the RSM+ diets than for the RSM− diets. Because RSM at the concentration used did not affect animal performance, there is no reason to use RSM supplementation for finishing dairy bulls when there is good quality grass silage and barley-based concentrate in the TMR ration. This study also shows that there is a need to update the Finnish feeding recommendations for dairy-breed growing bulls, and extra calculations are needed for the energy and protein supply of growing dairy bulls.     

《畜牧兽医杂志》创刊24年来载文、作者和引文计量研究

应用文献计量学的方法,对1982年创刊以来106期进行定量分析,结果该刊共载文2 987篇,篇均页码为1.93,作者总人次6396,作者合作度2.20,单位代替个人署名论文9篇,2单位以上合著论文169篇,占17.4%,跨省单位合著论文17篇,占1.75%,作者分布在全国28个省339个单位,第一作者中级职称占33.13%,年龄在31~40岁之间的占25.49%,基金论文占试验研究栏目的31.37%,篇均引文1.35,引文类型多样,数量适中,质量高,结论,从上述3方面看该刊具有较高的学术水平和优秀的编辑质量。     

酚类物质与蝴蝶兰褐变关系初探

 利用高效液相色谱法对3个褐化程度不同的蝴蝶兰品种A1 (大白花红心) 、B3 (迷你型白花黄心) 和R4 (深红花红心) 进行了9种酚酸定性定量分析, 并研究了以叶片为外植体的初代培养过程中总酚含量的动态变化。结果表明: 绿原酸、邻苯二酚、儿茶酚、咖啡酸及没食子酸、对羟基苯甲酸、香豆酸可能与蝴蝶兰褐变相关, 苯甲酸对蝴蝶兰褐变影响很小; 在褐变过程中, 总酚含量越高, 褐变程度越严重。     

蝴蝶兰外植体褐变发生与总酚含量、PPO、POD和PAL的关系

 蝴蝶兰外植体在褐变发生前期PPO和POD活力皆升高, 褐变发生后酶活力下降。同工酶谱分析发现, 培养0 d的蝴蝶兰外植体PPO没有酶带出现, 而POD有1条弱带。离体培养2 d POD出现3条酶带, 第4天有新酶带Ⅰ发生, 随后消失, 其余3条带, 随培养天数的延长, 酶带活性渐弱。PPO同工酶谱在培养2 d出现3条酶带, 迁移率为0128的酶带Ⅲ在培养4 d活性较强, 随后3条酶带减弱。总酚含量和PAL活力随外植体褐变增强而逐渐增加, 两者呈现极显著正相关。     

产前不同营养水平对围产期健康奶牛血清总胆红素、蛋白及转氨酶的影响

将健康的围产期奶牛30头随机分为三组，分别于产前28d开始饲喂NRC标准日粮（营养水平100％组，即Ⅰ组）、NRC标准增加20％日粮（营养水平120％组，即Ⅱ组）和NRC标准减少20％日粮（营养水平80％组，即Ⅲ组），产后各组奶牛均饲喂标准泌乳日粮，至产后56d结束，观察干奶期不同营养水平对围产期健康奶牛血清总胆红素、蛋白及转氨酶的影响。试验结果表明，围产期是机体生理状况处于剧烈变化的时期，奶牛产后的蛋白质代谢活动、转氨酶活性较产前明显增强；但健康奶牛均能通过调整糖代谢、脂代谢和蛋白质代谢，促进能量与营养物质间的相互转化，适应机体的各种生理变化。