我国经济林林地稳定性研究

利用我国16个省市的最近两期森林资源连清固定样地数据，计算和比较经济林和非经济林的保存率，平均年龄，期望寿命等，对我国经济林的林地稳定性，通过定量研究，最后得出我国经济林林地稳定性明显不如非经济林林地稳定性的结论。     

Statistical analysis of growth curves in plant breeding

Summary In the first part of this paper some experimental conditions necessary for a valid statistical analysis of differences in growth curves are discussed.Next the multivariate character of growth curves is considered. Data on the growth curves of three genotypes of an experiment with tomatoes of the IVT are used for illustrating the computational procedure and some aspects of interpretation.The growth curves of log dry leaf weight for each plot could be described by a quadratic function of time and were characterised by three components: mean level m, slope 1 (linear component) and curvature q (quadratic component).Univariate analyses of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences between cultivars for each growth component: however, this is only part of the information as the correlation between the components is not involved. From a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) it appeared that in this experiment the differences in growth between the cultivars were best expressed by using mean level m only.An estimate of the final (reduced) statistical model underlying the tomato example is derived.It is advised to split up growth into different phases of development each with its own analysis. At least four harvest dates for every phase seem desirable.     

Facilitating the evolution of resistance to avian malaria in Hawaiian birds

Research has shown that avian malaria plays an important role in limiting the distribution and population sizes of many Hawaiian birds, and that projected climate change is likely to eliminate most disease-free habitat in Hawai’i in the next century. I used a modeling approach, parameterized with demographic data from the literature and the field, to examine alternate management scenarios for the conservation of native Hawaiian birds. I examined the feasibility of using management in the form of rodent control to facilitate the evolution of resistance to malaria by increasing the survival and reproduction of native birds. Analysis of demographic data from seven native species, Akepa (Loxops coccineus), ‘Akohekohe (Palmeria dolei), Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis), Hawai’i’amakihi (Hemignathus virens), Hawai’i creeper (Oreomystis mana), Omao (Myadestes obscurus), and Palila (Loxioides bailleui), suggest that differences in life history cause some species to be more susceptible to local extinctions from the transmission of malaria. Modeling results demonstrated that rodent control at middle, but not high, elevations can facilitate the evolution of resistance to malaria in several species of Hawaiian birds. Advocating a management approach that encourages evolutionary change in endangered species contrasts with the traditional conservation paradigm but it may be the best strategy to reduce the impacts of one of the multiple stressors that have devastated the native bird community of Hawai’i.     

红豆杉扦插育苗试验研究

对红豆杉扦插育苗进行了多年试验研究,试验结果：采用黄壤土50％＋细黄沙50％为扦插基质,插穗浸泡使用浓度为100mg／L的ABT1号生根促进剂,秋季进行扦插,扦插成活率可达80％以上。扦插环境的温度、湿度和基质的保水透气性是影响扦插成活率的重要因素。     

梅花鹿的生态生物学研究进展

梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）隶属偶蹄目鹿科,是濒危级珍稀保护动物,主要分布在黑龙江、吉林、江西、浙江、安徽、四川和甘肃省等地。总结了梅花鹿的分类与分布、种群密度和结构、生境选择、行为、繁殖、食性以及生存现状,提出了相应保护对策。     

Intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in different compositions of Shuang-Huang-Lian

Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL), a traditional Chinese formula containing Lonicerae japonicae flos (LJF), Scutellariae radix (SR) and Forsythiae fructus (FF), is commonly used to treat acute upper respiratory tract infection, acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. Forsythoside A is one of the main active ingredients in Forsythiae fructus, a key herb in SHL. In the present study, effects of different compositions in SHL on the intestinal absorption of forsythoside A were investigated. The observations from in situ intestinal circulation model showed that A/%(h^− 1) of forsythoside A in FF + LSF, FF + SR and SHL were all reduced greatly compared with that in FF. However, in pharmacokinetics study, C_max and AUC_0 → 1440 of forsythoside A all increased and T_1/2 prolonged in SHL, FF + LJF and FF + SR compared with FF. The results indicated that the different compositions of SHL decreased absorption but increased bioavailability of forsythoside A, which may be related to its metabolism inhibited in intestine or liver.     

Prediction of annual tree growth and survival for thinned and unthinned even-aged maritime pine stands in Portugal from data with different time measurement intervals

An annual individual tree survival and growth model was developed for pure even-aged stands of maritime pine in Portugal, using a large data set containing irregularly time-spaced measurements and considering thinning effects. The model is distance-independent and is based on a function for diameter growth, a function for height growth and a survival function. Two approaches are compared for modeling annual tree growth. The first approach directly estimates a future diameter or height using well-known growth functions formulated in difference form. The second approach estimates diameter or height using a function in differential form estimating the increment over a year period. In both approaches, the function parameters were related to tree and stand variables reflecting the competition status of the tree as well as of a thinning response factor. Variable growth and survival rates were assumed in the modeling approaches. An iterative method was used to continuously update tree and stand attributes using a cut-off to convert the survival probability for a living or a dead tree. The individual tree diameter growth model and the survival probability model were fitted simultaneously using seemingly unrelated regression (SUR). Parameters of the height function were obtained separately as the number of observations for height was much lower than the number of observations for diameter, which may affect the statistical inference and the estimation of contemporaneous cross-equation error correlation inherent to the system of equations. PRESS residuals were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the diameter and the height growth functions. Additional statistics based in the log likelihood function and also in the survival probability were computed to evaluate the survival function. The second modeling approach, which integrates components of growth expansion and decline, performed slightly better than the first approach. A variable accounting for the thinning response that was tested proved to be significant for predicting diameter growth, even if the model already included competition-related explanatory variables, namely the basal area of trees larger than the subject tree. However, this thinning response factor was not significant for predicting height growth.     

干热河谷区紫檀与柚木生长适应性研究初探

通过引进实生苗开展栽植试验,并观测和分析苗木成活率、基径、树高和叶片净光合速率,研究了紫檀与柚木在干热河谷区的生长适应性。结果表明：紫檀可能较为适应干热河谷的气候条件,栽植早期通过人工抚育和肥料管理,可望达到较好效果;柚木的适应性较差,生长受限,人工栽植措施还有待进一步研究。     

王朗自然保护区岷江冷杉林(Abies faxoniana)更新及其种群结构分析

岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)林是四川王朗自然保护区主要群落类型,本文选择典型的亚高山针叶原始林设置标准样地,对其幼苗幼树查数轮生枝、大树钻取树轮样芯确定个体年龄,分别建立苗高-年龄、胸径-年龄的回归方程得到整个种群的年龄结构,通过编制生命表对其进行生存分析.结果表明,岷江冷杉存活曲线属于Deevey-Ⅲ型...     

Composition and diversity of five major forest types in moist temperate climate of the western Himalayas

The present study was undertaken in five major forest types (dominated by Quercus semecarpifolia, Quercus floribunda, Acer acuminatum, Abies pindrow and Aesculus indica, respectively) between 2400 and 2850 m a.s.l. in a moist temperate forest of the Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim was to assess the variation in composition and diversity in different vegetation layers, i.e., herb, shrub and tree, among these five forest types. Diversity indices, such as the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, density, total basal cover, Simpson’s concentration of dominance index, Simpson’s diversity index, Pielou’s equitability, species richness, species heterogeneity and β-diversity, were calculated to understand community structures. Dominance-diversity curves were drawn to ascertain resource apportionment among various species in different forest types.