应用反相高效液相色谱法测定绵羊瘤胃液、肉鸡粪中吲哚和粪臭素含量

[目的]建立适于绵羊瘤胃液和肉鸡粪中痕量吲哚、粪臭素测定的反相高效液相色谱法.[方法]肉鸡日粮中分别添加饲用抗生素、葡萄糖酸和乳果糖,收集13～15、20～22、33～35和40 ～41日龄肉鸡的粪;采集绵羊饲喂前(记为0h),饲喂后1.5、3、6和9h的瘤胃内容物.[结果]色谱条件,流动相:乙腈:水,流速1mL/min,柱温30℃,激发波长270nm,发射波长350nm,梯度洗脱;方法具有分离时间短(10 min以内),样品处理简单、分离度好、灵敏度高(吲哚142.8 ng/mL,绝对量2.142 ng/15 μL;粪臭素1 ng/mL,绝对量0.015ng/15 μL)的特点.葡萄糖酸组、乳果糖组肉鸡粪中吲哚含量在肉鸡34～36日龄时达到高峰值,抗生素组肉鸡粪中吲哚含量随日龄呈现上升趋势;从粪臭素含量来看,40 ～41日龄时肉鸡粪中含量有所增加,其中,饲用抗生素组、乳果糖组增加最明显,葡萄糖酸组增加最少.绵羊瘤胃液中吲哚含量在饲喂后1.5h达到最高值,饲喂800 g精料日粮时含量极显著高于饲喂400 g精料日粮,其余各时间点两种日粮之间差异不显著;而瘤胃液中粪臭素含量在饲喂后3h达到最高值,且饲喂800 g精料日粮时含量都有高于饲喂400 g精料日粮时.[结论]肉鸡粪中的吲哚、粪臭素含量不仅与日粮有关,还与肉鸡的日龄有关.饲喂两种水平的精料补充料时绵羊瘤胃液中吲哚、粪臭素含量的动态变化规律基本相似;高精料饲喂后1.5 ～9 h内,瘤胃液中的粪臭素含量普遍升高.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定火龙果有机酸

摘 要 采用高效液相色谱法测定火龙果有机酸种类和含量,结果表明,色谱柱：C18（3.9mm×300mm,10um）;流动相0.04mol/L KH2PO4-H3PO4缓冲溶液：甲醇=95：5,pH2.4;流速：0.8mL/min;柱温：30℃;检测波长：214nm的检测条件下,火龙果有机酸得到良好分离。草酸、酒石酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸、富马酸标准曲线的相关系数达0.99以上,平均回收率在90.2～105.5%,检测限分别为2.0、1.5、0.2、6.0、10.0、5.0和0.02mg/L, 各组分保留时间以及峰面积的CV（n=3）均小于1.0%,其中保留时间的日内重现性CV（n=3）＜0.4%,保留时间的日间精密度CV（n=10）＜0.2%。     

Experimental Analysis on Energy Dissipation Mechanism and Seismic Performance of Steel Truss Coupling Beam-Coupled Shear Wall Structure

Pseudo-dynamic tests and low cyclic reversed loading tests on two-floor coupled shear wall planar structures were conducted, and one is arranged with two steel truss coupling beams, the other is arranged with a steel coupling beam and a RC coupling beam. The shear walls’ seismic response under different earthquake intensity was deliberated, Their failure mechanism, bearing capacity, hysteretic ductility, energy dissipation mechanism, and stiffness and strength degradation mechanism were analyzed as well. The results show that the shear wall with two steel truss coupling beams has reasonable stiffness distribution. Its energy dissipation mechanism, stiffness and strength degradation mechanism can fulfill the demands of coupled shear wall’s seismic design: under rare earthquake, it can maintain good bearing capacity and stiffness, and keep restraining the walls. Its seismic performance is superior to RC coupling beams-coupled shear wall system.     

中国林蛙胚胎发育的研究进展

对中国林蛙胚胎发育时期的划分、胚胎期的性腺发育和性别分化、胚胎发育的温度效应等研究进行了综述。根据形态特征和生理功能,中国林蛙早期胚胎发育划分为25个时期。中国林蛙在胚胎发育到24期以前性腺并没有分化,在24期以后其原生殖细胞向雌性和雄性2个方向分化。胚胎在7～22℃温度范围内均能正常发育,在15～25℃范围内,温度越高,雄性比例越大。     

2种不同形状诱芯田间诱蛾效果比较

在田间比较了双孔扁垫柱型诱芯和反口钟型长效诱芯不同使用期对小菜蛾的诱集效果和持效期。结果表明,随着使用时间的延长,2种诱芯的诱蛾效果均逐步下降,前期双孔扁垫柱型诱芯诱蛾效果好于反口钟型长效诱芯,后期二者差异不显著。     

基于RUSLE的线状开发建设项目区土壤侵蚀动态监测——以浙江省宁波市北环快速路工程为例

[目的]全面调查浙江省宁波市北环快速路施工前后及施工过程中土壤侵蚀时空变化状况,为今后线状生产建设项目水土保持遥感监测提供参考。[方法]分别利用2010年宁波市土地利用/覆盖类型图、道路图及调查数据,结合项目区地形图和实测高程点生成的数字高程模型(DEM)、实测土壤属性数据、水文站降雨数据等资料分别获取RUSLE模型中各因子值的空间分布,然后通过RUSLE模型计算项目区3个不同阶段的土壤侵蚀量,最后进行分类统计。[结果]项目施工前期和自然恢复期的土壤侵蚀均以微度侵蚀为主,所占项目面积比例分别为98.53%和99.73%;而施工期的土壤侵蚀等级以轻度和微度侵蚀为主,两者分别占项目区面积的52.5%和35.4%;项目施工期的平均土壤侵蚀模数为1 380.9t/(km2·a),远高于施工前及施工期后的251.3,155.4t/(km2·a)。[结论]项目施工期土壤侵蚀区域主要分布在临时堆土区,进一步分析发现坡度因素对土壤侵蚀空间分布具有重要影响。     

疫霉有性生殖生物学特性的研究

对槐生疫霉(Phytophthora robinicola Lu,Xu & Fang),掘氏疫霉(P.drechsleri Tucker)、樟疫霉(P.cinnamomi Rands)和烟草疫霉(P.nicotianae Breda de Haan)有性生殖生物学特性进行研究,结果表明,异宗配合疫霉卵孢子的形成能力因配对菌株的不同而有明显差异,一般种内菌株的亲和性大于种间菌株的亲和性,而不同组种问菌株的亲和性最差。此外,疫霉的有性生殖还受温度、光照、pH、培养基和甾醇等因子的影响。     

Discussion on Direction of Circular Flow of Reversed Return Hot Water System

Aiming at the central mechanical circulated hot water supply system recommended by the current code, the criteria of water flow direction in the pipes of transport and distribution is brought forward based on the hydraulic principle, followed by the analysing with charts of flow directions in the reversed return hot water system consisting of two, three and several vertical pipes in the working conditions of simple return and a little water distributing. There are several directions of circular flow, the only working condition of simple return and single water flow direction which applied in current hydraulic calculation of reversed return hot water supply system is incomplete, certain hydraulic precondition is necessary to ensure circular flow flowing in each vertical pipe as the assumed direction in the course of hydraulic calculation.     

Ultrastructural studies of spermatia of grey mould (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Botryotinia fuckeliana</Emphasis>)

To investigate maturation of spermatia of Botryotinia fuckeliana, we examined micro-structural changes in spermatia in liquid culture. Three to four spherical lipid bodies were seen in the center of the cell at the start of culturing. After 3–7 days, maturing spermatia had developed large mitochondria along with extensively developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, the lipid bodies decreased not only in number but also in size over time. The results obtained here suggest that the maturation of spermatia involves active cell metabolism using the energy supply from lipid bodies.     

印榕仙人掌引种繁殖初步研究

印榕仙人掌（Opuntia ficus-indica Mill.)是从国外引进的多用途植物,可用于生产水果、蔬菜、饲料以及饲养胭脂虫（Dactylopius coccus Costa)。通过引种繁殖初步研究,提出了有性与无性繁殖方法,分析了影响生长发育的主要生态因子。