Quantification of stress sensitive markers in single fecal samples do not accurately predict excretion of these in the pig

All feces produced during 24 h were collected from five pigs and cortisol and immunoreactive cortisol metabolites (CICM), and IgA were quantified. Within pigs, the concentrations of CICM and IgA varied extensively between random samples obtained from a single fecal dropping, and deviated in most cases significantly from the true concentration measured in total fecal output (CV 6.7-130%). The CICM and IgA contents varied considerably (CV 8.1-114%) within and between individual fecal droppings from the same pig compared to the total fecal excretion. In conclusion, single random samples could not be used to reliably quantify the total fecal concentration or excretion of CICM or IgA in pigs. Analyses of all feces collected during shorter periods than 24 h did not provide an accurate estimate of the daily excretion of CICM. Thus, the concentration of stress sensitive molecules in random single fecal samples as an indicator of animal welfare should be interpreted with prudence.     

Increased abundance of patatins,lipoxygenase and miraculins in a thaxtomin A-habituated potato Russet Burbank somaclone with enhanced resistance to common scab

Potato common scab caused by the actinobacterium Streptomyces scabiei is characterized by the formation of corky lesions on tubers that reduce their marketability. Management of common scab is very complex and often ineffective under various environmental conditions. Using potato varieties that are more resistant to common scab remains one of the most efficient strategies to control this disease. However, very little is known about the factors associated with resistance to common scab. Somaclone RB9 regenerated from thaxtomin A-habituated potato Russet Burbank calli produced tubers more resistant to common scab than the original variety. Comparison of the RB9 tuber proteome with that of Russet Burbank using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis revealed changes in the accumulation of defence-related proteins from the patatin and lipoxygenase (LOX) families, which are involved in the metabolism of lipids, and of two miraculins of the Kunitz-type protease inhibitors family. The implication of LOX during common scab infection was studied using synchronized minitubers developed from leaf-bud cuttings. S. scabiei infection stimulated the accumulation of LOX in both Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers, but this accumulation was intensified in RB9 minitubers. Infection also increased LOX activity in Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers. However, LOX activity measured in noninfected RB9 minitubers was similar to that of infected Russet Burbank minitubers, indicating endogenous activation of LOX activity in RB9 minitubers. We discuss how increased LOX abundance and activity in the somaclone RB9 may contribute to improving tuber defence against common scab.     

三棱栎种子特性与其致濒关系初步分析

三棱栎是云南特有种,国家二级保护植物,主要分布在澜沧、沧源、孟连、西盟、勐腊等县.研究表明,其萌发温度在20～35℃范围内,萌发率在5.3%～9.1%之间.4个不同分布地和8种温度条件下萌发率差异不显著.本文认为三棱栎濒危的主要原因是:(1)三棱栎果实结实率低;(2)果实的特殊形状,不利于传播;(3)幼苗缺乏竞争力.针对三棱栎的濒危现状和原因,提出了三棱栎的一些保护措施.     

A.A. Marcov Forecast Method of the System Ration in Estate Business Study

A. A. Markov Rolling Forecast Method is presented in this paper according to the dynamic characteristics of the estate business system. Test results reveal that the system quantitative forecast could be realized on the basis of previous samples, which provide a direction of the rational management in estate business. Concerning sample molding analysis and Markov Rolling Forecast Method, this paper gives a corresponding conclusion of analytic research quantitatively in order to demonstrate the formation of factors working in estate business activities and its systematic logistic connotation. Markov Rolling Forecast Method can be applied not only to short-term prediction but long term one as well, provided when the market is rather stable with no significant change during a regular period of time and when the rolling times of the state transition matrix are fairly enough.     

黎榆A繁殖母本有效穗和结实率与产量的关系

繁殖田母本有效穗和结实率是影响产量的主要因素。通过对10个不同父母本栽插行比的分析结果表明：黎榆A繁殖产量以父母本栽插行比为2：18最高，达292．09kg/667m^2。增加有效穗对于增产的效应要比增加结实率大；有效穗与产量，结实率与产量的偏相关系数均呈正相关，且有效穗与产量的相关达显著水平，多元回归方程为：y-155.6283 4.8660x 0.2342x2.     

基于UEGO的柴油机EGR系统空燃比MAP的制取

在柴油机稳态工况下，通过试验测定了不同空燃比时，NOx、HC、CO、烟度和油耗的变化。通过对测试数据的分析，确定了最佳空燃比MAP。为基于UEGO的柴油机EGR系统的闲环控制奠定了基础。     

基于UEGO的柴油机EGR系统空燃比MAP的制取

在柴油机稳态工况下,通过试验测定了不同空燃比时,NOx、HC、CO、烟度和油耗的变化.通过对测试数据的分析,确定了最佳空燃比MAp.为基于UEGO的柴油机EGR系统的闭环控制奠定了基础.     

基于改进A *算法的电动车能耗最优路径规划

提出一种基于改进A*算法的电动车能耗最优路径规划方法。根据车辆运行时的能耗,考虑能量损失与回收等因素,建立了运行能耗函数。设计了新的启发式能耗预估代价对A*算法进行改进,证明了所提出的启发式能耗预估代价满足可采纳性和一致性,确保改进的A*算法可获得能耗最优路径。针对电动车的里程焦虑问题,基于改进的A*算法,建立了根据车载电池的剩余电量、充电站位置、终点位置来寻找可达的能耗最小路径方法。仿真实验表明,提出的方法可以找到起点到终点的能耗最小路径,当车载电池能量不足时,可以找到经过充电站的可行最小能耗路径,减少里程焦虑,验证了所提方法的合理性和可行性。     

论拖拉机造型的时代性

通过回顾拖拉机造型的发展过程，分析了不同时期拖拉机的各种造型特征，提出了各个阶段拖拉机造型的模型，指出为适应市场竞争，必须重视拖拉机造型设计。     

基于MU+DSP的小型水轮发电机组

嵌入式微处理器MC68HC912DG128A 和DSP TMS320F2812应用于小型水轮发电机单元智能监控主、辅装置，克服了可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）在小型水轮发电机组监控应用中难以实现单元监控的困难，简化了外围集成电路和数据采集接口，增强了单元监控系统内部和系统之间的数据交互能力，提高了小型水轮发电机单元监控自动化水平。文中具体介绍了两类不同处理器的特点及其在水轮发电机组单元监控装置中的应用，同时引入了流程设计方案的概念，实现了单元监控系统的现场可编程功能。测试结果表明，监控装置适合于小型水电站智能监控。