珠江三角洲主要城市郊区公路两侧土壤和蔬菜中铅含量初探

采用原子吸收分光光度法,对珠江三角洲主要城市中山、佛山、深圳市郊公路两侧的土壤和蔬菜中的重金属铅含量进行了测定,并分析了土壤和蔬菜中的铅污染程度和分布规律结果表明:随距离增大,土壤和蔬菜中的铅含量逐渐降低     

特克斯河山口引水枢纽工程截流试验研究

通过对特克斯河山口引水枢纽工程三个截流方案的优化试验研究,得到部分护底方案是可行的,获得了截流过程龙口的水流特性,确定了不同龙口宽度时抛投料的化引直径和合理的抛投强度,为工程截流的实施堤供了科学依据。     

青海省境内黄河上游区水沙来源及组成分析

青海境内黄河上游地区是青海省工、农、牧、渔业生产基地,也是国家列入重点开发的水电基地之一,在青海省经济发展中占有举足轻重的地位。近年来,随着黄河下游断流的日益严重,作为黄河水量主要供给地的青海境内生态环境保护已成为全社会关注的焦点。利用青海境内黄河上游主要水文测站的资料,对境内水沙来源及组成进行了分析,认为该区面积只占黄河流域面积的２３．４％,而径流量占４７．５％,输沙量只占３．８６％,是黄河的主     

黄河河源区水土流失空间结构遥感分析

引进景观生态学的空间结构分析思路,水土流失空间结构的４个主要元素是斑块、廊带、基面和边缘带。根据黄河河源区地质调查所获实际资料和遥感影象信息,从３个不同等级层次对河源水土流失的空间结构特征进行了研究。河源区水土流失受自然因素和人类不合理开发利用因素联合控制,但后者的作用更为重要,而且导致了河源新的危害性更大的水土流失类型。河源的水土保持措施是增强全民生态意识,制止短期经济行为。具体途径是（１）保护     

陕京输气管道采用浮桶漂管穿越河流

在陕京输气管道穿越北拒马河工程中,采用了浮桶漂管法,成功地完成了此次穿越施工。指出在适宜的水文地质条件下可选用浮桶漂管法,并对其施工方法、施工程序及各程序的具体做法均作了较详细的介绍。该施工方法可缩短工期、降低造价、对于地下水位高、渗水速度快的砂卵石层河床优先推荐选用。     

长江护岸林欧美杨无性系混合造林研究

为提高长江护岸林的生长量,减少虫害,进行了杨树多系混合造林研究。结果 江护岸林欧美杨多系混合造林较单系造林生长量和年利润率均提高１５％以上,天牛虫株率控制在３％以内。选育出４个优良无性系,材积生长量较１－６９杨（对照）提高１８．４％～４７．５％。对参试欧美杨无性系进行了生长阶段和生长等级的划分。表７参４。     

金沙江干热河谷造林树种游离脯氨酸含量与抗旱性关系

金沙江干热河谷地区的主要造林树种中,以马占相思、山毛豆、真珠相思、大叶相思、台湾相思、绢毛相思、坡柳在旱季游离脯氨酸累积较多;赤桉、泰国赤桉、柠檬桉、尾叶桉、大叶桉、新银合欢、苏门答腊金合欢、滇刺枣无明显差异。无论从种属间或种源地,还是不同生态类型,都看不出游离脯氨酸的累积与抗旱性之间有明显的相关关系。作者认为,用游离脯氨酸作为植物抗旱性指标有一定局部性,但用它作为某些树种在干旱胁迫时植物体发生的     

河道流量对疏勒河中下游河岸带植被变化的影响评价

应用多源遥感数据与遥感水文站技术,结合野外大范围水文和植被调查,分析了2015年和2020年疏勒河因生态输水而导致河道流量变化的河岸带植被响应,定量评价了疏勒河流量变化对中下游植被恢复和生长的影响.结果 表明:1)主成分分析(PCA)显示,在植物指数、径流要素、地形和人为干扰度等10个指标中,流量是疏勒河河岸带植被生态...     

Emigration of hatchery‐reared Pallid Sturgeon,Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes and Richardson), through a Missouri River dam

The middle Missouri River (MMR; Fort Randall Dam, SD to Gavins Point Dam, NE‐SD) is stocked with hatchery‐reared pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes and Richardson), from upper Missouri River broodstock to aid recovery of this federally endangered species. Emigration of these fish through Gavins Point Dam restores genetic connectivity that likely existed pre‐impoundment but could lead to outbreeding depression in the future. Recapture data of hatchery‐reared pallid sturgeon stocked in the MMR were evaluated to improve understanding of pallid sturgeon emigration. From 2004 to 2015, 219 emigrants were caught: 4 stocked at age ≥2 years and 215 stocked at age ≤1 year. Emigration of the 2001‐2007 year classes stocked at age 1 was a consistent phenomenon and appeared higher than emigration of year classes stocked at ages 2–3. Little evidence suggested emigration was associated with an unusually high‐water event in 2011. The annual emigration probability of individuals stocked at age 1 estimated from multi‐state mark–recapture models was 0.05 [95% confidence interval = 0.04–0.06] for fish ages ≥1 year. This study suggests that alterations to stocking practices (e.g. stocking age) may affect emigration rates and, therefore, connectivity among pallid sturgeon populations.     

The role of floods and droughts on riverine ecosystems under a changing climate

Floods and droughts are key driving forces shaping aquatic ecosystems. Climate change may alter key attributes of these events and consequently health and distribution of aquatic species. Improved knowledge of biological responses to different types of floods and droughts in rivers should allow the better prediction of the ecological consequences of climate change‐induced flow alterations. This review highlights that in unmodified ecosystems, the intensity and direction of biological impacts of floods and droughts vary, but the overall consequence is an increase in biological diversity and ecosystem health. To predict the impact of climate change, metrics that allow the quantitative linking of physical disturbance attributes to the directions and intensities of biological impacts are needed. The link between habitat change and the character of biological response is provided by the frequency of occurrence of the river wave characteristic—that is the event's predictability. The severity of impacts of floods is largely related to the river wave amplitude (flood magnitude), while the impact of droughts is related to river wavelength (drought duration).