Review on the measurement theories of enterprise knowledge management during the past three years in China

The implement of enterprise knowledge management gives rise to extensive research on its measurement. Based on the existing measurement theories and evaluation index systems of enterprise knowledge management during the past three years in China, this paper analyzes the problems in measuring target and designing the evaluation index system in the existing research findings, and explains detailedly why measurement target of enterprise knowledge management should be "level evaluation" instead of "performance evaluation", and definitely points out the meanings of enterprise knowledge management level and significance of its evaluation. This paper also indicates that the design of the evaluation index system should be complete, reasonable, proper and operable.     

EPQ Model with Different Lost Sale Factor Relative to Inventory Level

It is important for enterprises' inventory management to find out the optimal production cycle and the length of shortage time,so that the total cost of inventory system can be reduced and the service level can be raised.Based on the classical EPQ model,this paper develops an EPQ model for deterioration items with different lost sale factor relative to the inventory level during shortage period.The existence of unique optimal solution is discussed by mathematic analysis and a numeric example.The sensitivity analysis shows that the parameter of losing sale has different impact on the costs of inventory system.The factors must be considered for the production inventory system to make management decision.     

The quality of service provided by the irrigation department to the users associations, Tunuyan System, Mendoza, Argentina

The quality of service provided by the provincial Irrigation Department (DGI) to the Water Users Associations (UA), and subsequently by the UA's to the related water users, is based on the provincial water law. The intended volume of water being delivered per considered period further depends on the water availability and on the (crop irrigation) water requirements. The Service Level (SL) compares the intended water supply with the water supply that would be required to supply the entire irrigable area with sufficient water. As soon as the intended water delivery pattern is set, the measured actual delivery can be assessed against the intention. Several performance indicators are used in this context. Based on the assessment of the Water Delivery Performance Ratio and the Overall Consumed Ratio recommendations are made on changes which can be made to improve water use and reduce problems of waterlogging.     

水井酸处理效果预测研究

水井酸处理效果预测一直缺乏成熟的方法。提出了根据水位恢复曲线形态和含水层裂隙特征来预测井的首次酸处理效果，经与石油界所用方法有明显不同。石油界普遍认为，只有不位恢复曲线为快速上翘型的低产碳酸盐岩井才适合酸处理（即基质酸化），但作者近年来发现，多数水位恢复曲线为直线型的低产碳酸盐岩井，即井中含水层裂隙平均宽度＜5mm的井，酸处理效果也很好，被调查3眼这类井的单位涌水量增加值平均为423％；水位恢复曲线为缓慢上翘型的井中，部分含水层裂隙被松散物充填的井，采用特殊的酸处理方法处理后，井的单位涌水量可增加100％。另外，采用适当的方法，使用足够数量的酸进行首次酸处理后，水井再进行酸处理一般效果都很差。     

黑龙江省垦区2OO3年农业机械化水平评价

根据已有的农机化评价体系,调查了黑龙江垦区2003年农机化实际值,计算出了该年垦区的农业机械化水平,并进行分析评价。这对于今后提高黑龙江垦区农业机械化的综合保障能力、农机经营效益以及农业机械化水平的进一步提高有着重要的指导意义。     

浙江省农业机械化水平的总体评价与地区比较

为科学评价农业机械化发展水平,在分析现有农业机械化水平评价方法的基础上,根据浙江省农业机械化发展现状及有关文献,建立和确定了浙江省农业机械化水平评价指标体系、评价标准以及各评价指标的权重;最后,利用2005年浙江省和其所属11个地(市)的有关统计数据计算出全省和各地区的农业机械化水平.评价结果表明,与实际情况基本一致,为加强农业机械化的宏观管理提供了科学依据.     

基于NNARMAX模型的地下水位预报研究

区域地下水系统是一个受多种因素影响的复杂的非线性动态系统 ,应用遗忘因子的递归最小二乘( RLS)算法进行训练 ,采用通过减少网络节点间的连接权值 ,进而裁减冗余节点来选择适宜的网络拓扑结构 ,建立了非线性自回归滑动平均神经网络 ( NNARMAX)模型 ,地下水位预报结果表明 :通过对网络结构的优化达到了自动确定非线性自回归模型阶数和影响因素的选择 ,能有效地表示区域地下水动态系统内部及其外部诸多影响因素间的不确定关系 ,是预测区域地下水动态变化较为有效的方法之一。     

Incorporation of ridge and furrow method of rainfall harvesting with mulching for crop production under semiarid conditions

A plastic-covered ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (PRFRH) system combined with mulches was designed to increase water availability to crops for improving and stabilizing agricultural production in the semiarid Loess region of northwest China. The system was built by shaping the soil surface with alternate ridges and furrows along the contour. The plastic-covered ridges served as a rainfall harvesting zone and furrows as a planting zone. Some materials were also used to mulch the furrows to increase the effectiveness of the harvested water. This system can make better utilization of light rain by harvesting rainwater through the plastic-covered ridge. The field experiment (using corn as an indicator crop) showed that grain yields in the PRFRH system with mulches in 1998 and 1999 were significantly higher than the controls, with an increase of 4010–5297 kg per ha (108–143%). In most treatments, the water use efficiencies (WUE) were in excess of 2.0 kg m⁻³. The WUE values of corn in this system were 1.9 times greater than the controls in 1998 and 1.4 times greater than the controls in 1999. The plastic-covered ridge led to a yield increase of 3430 kg per ha (92%) in 1998 and of 1126 kg per ha (21%) in 1999 compared with the uncovered ridge. On average, the additional mulches in the furrow brought about a yield increase of 8–25%. Based on the results of this study and other researches, this technique can increase corn grain yield by 60–95% in drought and average years, 70–90% in wet years, and 20–30% in very wet years. The PRFRH system had the potential to increase crop yield and produced greater economic benefit, therefore it could be used in regions dominated by light rainfall of low intensity where crops generally fail due to water stress.