Contribution of spray droplet pinning fragmentation to canopy retention

Drop behaviour during impact affects retention. Increasing adhesion is usually seen as an objective when applying crop protection products, while bouncing and shattering are seen as detrimental to spray retention. However, observation of drop impacts on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using high speed shadowgraphy shows that bouncing and fragmentation can occur in Cassie–Baxter as well as in Wenzel wetting regimes. In this last regime, a part of the drop may remain stuck on the surface, contributing to retention. Using simultaneous measurements of drop impacts with high speed imaging and of retention with fluorophotometry for spray mixtures on excised barley leaves using a Teejet 11003 nozzle at 0.2 MPa, it was observed that about 50% of the drops that fragmented in the Wenzel state remain on the horizontal leaf. Depending on the spray mixture, these impact outcomes accounted for 28–46% of retention, the higher contribution being correlated with bigger VMD (Volume Median Diameter). This contribution is not negligible and should be considered when modelling spray retention processes.     

基于城市现代有轨电车建设的环境影响分析——以沈阳有轨电车建设项目为例

指出了近年来随着城市的发展,人口和汽车数量不断增多,公共交通体系急需升级,轨道交通成为城市公交系统发展方向之一。以沈阳有轨电车项目为例进行了分析,根据典型路段预测了结果:在有轨电车最高运行时速情况下,距轨道中心线20m处,大部分路段均能满足2类功能区噪声标准要求,个别路段超标原因是本底噪声较大。有轨电车项目对噪声增加的贡献值较小,不会对噪声敏感点产生较大影响。     

建设项目环境影响评价的局限性问题

建设项目环境影响评价主要指项目实施后可能带来的负面环境影响预测、分析与评估,进而提出预防不良环境影响的有效措施,实现跟踪监测。但是目前我国建设项目环境影响仍具有一定局限性,只有充分认识到存在的问题,积极改进,才能发挥评价的真正作用。     

汽车侧面碰撞中乘员约束系统的可靠性优化

在汽车侧面碰撞中，约束系统对降低乘员的伤害起到非常重要的作用.本文采用MADYMO仿真分析软件，建立某车型侧面碰撞的约束系统仿真模型；考虑了髋部推动块的压溃力、气囊起爆时间、气体质量流量和气袋排气孔面积对乘员损伤的影响，建立了乘员损伤指标的响应面模型；基于蒙特卡罗随机模拟，进行了侧面碰撞乘员约束系统的可靠性优化.结果表明，优化后的约束系统设计方案满足可靠性目标要求.     

漳河灌区实行费改税对水稻用水的

结合国际合作项目对漳河灌区的主要农业作物－水稻在费改税制度实行前后灌溉成本和产量的变化情况进行调查，并对调查结果进行分析。结果表明：实施费改税制度的实行可以减轻农民的负担，但是增加了灌区水库供水和水管理的难度，增加了水稻生产灌溉成本。由于没有采取相应的措施，造成了水稻减产。因此，有必要对费改税前后水稻生产的变化情况做进一步的研究，减少不利影响，使得农民既能减少税费开支，又能增加水稻产量。     

VISAR Data Reducing Method and Its Application to Impact Experiment

Identification and adjustment on the disfigurements of original data of VISAR are probed by developing software for VISAR data reducing based on measure theory. Then the software is applied to plate impact experiment of ceramics. The disfigurements of light intensity data are identified and adjusted through Lissajou~ figures. The results indicate that VISAR data are reduced quickly and effectively by the software, and the exact free surface velocity history is obtained.     

THE MECHANICAL MODEL ON IMPACT SYSTEM AND ITS PARAMETER IDENTIFICATION

A new mechanical model on impact system with non-linear element is presented and the practical method for measuring and identifying the parameters is also studied. The results of the experimental analysis and theoretical calculations are satistactory. And we hope to provide more acurate theorecical model for the study and design of impact dampers.     

An economist's perspective on irrigation performance assessment: With examples from large scale irrigation in Morocco

This paper accepts that assessing the performance of irrigated agriculture is difficult because being multi-dimensional it requires a multi-disciplinary approach. Public irrigation schemes may have a number of often competing objectives and are assessed by interest groups with differing values and perspectives. A wide range of performance indicators are thus required. Some of these and the complex inter-relationships that may exist in the system are illustrated.     

对汽车撞柱的仿真研究

由于许多汽车事故是因为车辆撞枉而造成的，根据采集得到的真实事故数据，应用LS—DYNA和MADY—MO对车辆撞柱进行仿真，时仿真结果与事故调查结果比较分析表明，该仿真结果能真实反应实际撞柱情况，仿真方法的有效性得以证实。