茶树修剪枝制备Cr(Ⅵ)吸附材料及其应用效果初探

The problem of heavy metal pollution in water seriously affected human health and the stability of the living environment of animals and plants. How to effectively remove heavy metal pollution in water had become a hot topic in the field of water pollution. In this paper, pruning branches of tea trees were used as adsorbents to study the adsorption effect on Cr(VI) in water. The results of the study showed that the optimal conditions for the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the adsorbent made of tea tree pruned branches were: the amount of tea tree pruned branches was 2g, the adsorption temperature was 25℃, the adsorption time was 90min, and the pH=2, the adsorption rate could reach 72.63% which was a good adsorption effect. It could be used in sewage treatment projects and to further expand the rational use of tea tree resources.     

常见园林花灌木的整形修剪

花灌木是以观花为主的灌木类植物,被视为园林景观的重要组成部分,适合于湖滨、道路两侧、公园布置及小庭院点缀。修剪是促进花灌木健康生长、繁花不断的关键措施之一。主要介绍了花灌木的整形修剪方法和具体要求。     

修剪与施氮对板栗果树光合特性及产量的影响

以13年生的板栗‘3113’为试验对象,采用双因素随机区组试验,研究了修剪强度与施氮量的交互作用对板栗光合特性、比叶质量、产量的影响。结果表明:(1)板栗的净光合速率与比叶质量之间呈极显著负相关;瞬时水分利用效率表现为X_2N_1组合较高。(2)X_3N_0、X_2N_1、X_1N_2的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和产量均较高,比叶质量均较低。(3)X_2N_1组合的比叶质量最低,净光合速率、产量和净收益最高。板栗树体需氮量随修剪强度的增强而降低,修剪与施氮量之间具有协同性;从光合特性、产量及净收益等指标综合考虑,X_2N_1组合是当地修剪与施肥的最佳组合。     

断根半径及时间对菊芋根系生物量及形态学特征的影响

在大田极度稀植条件下,研究了不同断根半径及断根时间对红皮菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus ‘red skin’）根系生物量及形态学特征的作用,揭示断根对菊芋物质分配规律的影响,为科尔沁沙地菊芋高产栽培提供理论参考。结果表明：与未断根相比,不同断根半径及时间都显著增加了根系生物量,不同断根半径比较,去掉1/5根系时根系生物量高于其他处理,其中T3最高,达到723.57 g,不同断根半径及时间对根茎和须根的生物量影响较小,差异未达到显著水平,对主根生物量影响也不显著;各断根半径及断根时间对主根长度和直径也没有显著影响;不同断根时间去掉1/3根系显著促进了须根和根茎增粗生长,最大值在T3出现,须根为5.59 mm,根茎为3.88 mm;去掉1/4根系则能促进须根和根茎数量增多。断根改变了菊的物质分配规律,显著增加了须根和根茎生物量,在营养生长晚期,中、轻度断根有利于提高根系生物量、增加须根、根茎的直径和数量,增强根系吸收能力,进而达到提高菊芋产量的目的。     

修剪调节对郁闭苹果园果品生产的影响

［目的］通过改造郁闭老果园,探讨提高果品质量的途径。［方法］对郁闭红富士苹果果园连续进行了2年的重疏剪和中疏剪处理,测定了果树枝量、透光率、果实着色、硬度以及叶片叶绿素含量、比叶重。［结果］果园第2、3年的总枝量可保持基本不变,枝类组成趋向合理;通风透光条件得到改善,树冠下透光率达25%左右;功能叶中叶绿素含量提高,比叶重增加;重疏剪处理的果树优质果比例可达80%。［结论］通过疏剪方式,可改造郁闭老果园,提高果品生产能力和品质。     

修剪强度对早实核桃葫芽率和成枝力的影响

通过对早实核桃轻剪、中剪、重剪和长放几种修剪方法的研究,探讨了不同修剪强度对成枝长度、枝条粗度、萌芽率、成枝力的影响.结果表明：轻剪、中剪、重剪比长放的成枝长度增加3.60～40.52cm,粗度增加0.19～0.69cm;长放的成枝萌芽率提高了0.15%～0.25%,成枝力提高了0.11%～0.22%.     

日本落叶松整形修剪对母株生长、产穗量、插穗生根和扦插苗生长的影响

研究了高，中柱式，矮台式整形修剪方法对不同年龄（2-10a生）日本落叶松采穗母株生长，产穗量，插穗生根（无激素处理）及2a生扦插苗生长的影响。结果表明：日本落叶松实生幼年母株每年进行整形修剪，虽然不能完全抑制老龄化对母株插穗生根的影响。但有助于幼化复壮母株组织。未加整形修剪的10a（实际为9.5a)生树形母株的插穗生根率只有24.8%。而同龄经不同剪控措施处理的母株插穗生根率可达55.2%-81.1%(平均64.9%)，均极显著地大于对照。整形修剪方式不同，对母株生长（地径），产穗量和插穗生根率等的影响不同。高，中柱式母株由于修剪相对较轻，生长量大，产穗量高，3.5a,5.5a和8.5a生3个年龄阶段平均产穗量分别为110.5,237.0,173.0穗和85.9,150.7,98.0穗，均显著或极显著地大于矮台式母株（相应地分别为54.3,61.4,43.0穗）。高，中柱式母株虽在生长和产穗量方面具有明显的优势，但母株5.5a生以后插穗生根率呈下降趋势，至9.5a生时骤降至58.3%,55.3%。受连年重剪的影响。矮台式母株生长量小，产穗量小，死亡率高，但延缓老龄化和幼化效果好，7.5a以后插穗生根率才开始下降，与高，中柱式相比，母株插穗生根率开始下降的年龄推迟约2a，并且生根率下降的幅度小，至9.5a生时仍可达81.1%。母株幼年阶段（2.5a生）整形方式对2a生扦插苗的生长影响不明显，但当母株达到一定年龄阶段后（7.5a生）矮台式母株2a生扦插苗高度（44.8cm)显著大于高柱式母株（33.4cm)。为充分发挥采穗母株生产潜力和剪控的幼化效果，日本落叶松幼年实生母株在建圃最初几年应采用高柱式修剪，一定年龄阶段后（8a生）采用再截干幼化处理的方法降低母株高度，以改善插穗生根效果和延长采穗圃使用年限。     

提高毛竹造林成活率技术试验初报

采用对毛竹苗所留 3～ 5盘侧枝进行修剪和将毛竹苗来鞭插入植穴侧壁土壤中的方法 ,能分别提高造林成活率16 9%和 2 8 5 % ;2种方法同时采用能提高造林成活率 35 4%。     

Relationship between tree canopy height and the production of pasture species in a silvopastoral system based on alder trees

Silvopastoral systems in New Zealand that incorporate trees planted to control soil erosion on hills largely rely on the productivity of the pastoral system for financial returns. The effect on pasture productivity of increasing the tree canopy height by pruning Italian gray alder (Alnus cordata) was investigated by measuring the response of light, soil moisture, soil temperature, pasture production of major pasture species, and grazing behaviour of sheep. A split-plot design with four replicates was used. The main plot treatments were three levels of shade (81, 23, and 12% of available photosynthetic photon flux (PPF)), created by pruning 11 year old alder grown at the same density. The sub-plot treatments were four pasture mixes: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus), and cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), each sown with white clover (Trifolium repens), and cocksfoot sown with lotus (Lotus pedunculatus). Soil temperature was highest under light shade. Total herbage yield at 50 mm stubble height from October to May under heavy and medium shade was 60 and 80%, respectively, of the total herbage harvested under light shade. Cocksfoot had the greatest herbage yield, either with lotus or white clover. The tillering of perennial ryegrass was suppressed by shade more than for the other grass species making ryegrass unsuitable for use in this silvopastoral system. More sheep grazed in the light shade than in the heavy shade, but there was no difference in sheep preference for cocksfoot or Yorkshire fog. Lotus was grazed more frequently than white clover. Pruning of alder to increase canopy height has the potential to improve the productivity of the understorey pasture and its acceptability to sheep.     

枇杷树回缩修剪对新梢生长和结果的效应

研究了枇杷修剪不同剪口粗度对新梢生长、花穗生长动态及结果的影响,结果表明,剪口粗度在1.00 cm相似文献