不同种源栓皮栎种子综合性状变异分析

收集了栓皮栎主要分布区5个种源的种子,分别测定了种子形态和营养成分含量指标,并分析了这些指标与产地环境因素的相关性。结果表明:栓皮栎种子长、种子宽、长宽比、百粒种子质量、淀粉质量分数、蛋白质质量分数、粗脂肪质量分数和可溶性糖质量分数,在种源间均存在显著差异;种子各形态性状中变异系数在9%～12%,营养成分含量的变异系数在4%～24%,且都是种源间变异程度大于种源内部;种子百粒种子质量与产地纬度呈显著正相关,种子长宽比与海拔呈显著正相关;种子蛋白质质量分数与年平均气温呈极显著负相关,与年平均日照呈显著正相关,种子可溶性糖质量分数与年平均降水量呈显著负相关;其他性状与环境因素相关性均不显著。     

桢楠优良种源/家系苗期评价和选择研究

对从四川省9个县(区)收集的44个桢楠优株家系苗期生长指标进行测定和分析。采用嵌套式试验分析,结果表明,种源和家系间的苗高和地径均具有极显著差异。种源间苗高和地径变异系数分别在0.23~0.42和0.15~0.28之间,家系苗高和地径变异系数分别在0.05~0.43和0.10~0.34之间。以苗高、地径为评价指标,以改良后的布雷金多性症状综合评定法进行评定,初选出都6、9和4号3个优良种源,31、22、32、6和38号5个优良家系。根据苗期生长数据的分布,部分桢楠优株家系已表现出生长优势,具有进一步筛选的潜力。     

不同种源水曲柳苗木生长的差异分析

研究了不同种源水曲柳幼苗的生长特性,并对其差异进行了分析。结果表明,不同种源间水曲柳幼苗的苗高、地径、主根长、侧根数及单株生物量存在显著地差异。综合评价以海林和林口种源的幼苗生长较优。     

A study on the geographic variation and selection of the best provenance ofLarix olgensis

On the basis of the results from the geographic provenance test of nine years oldlarix olgensis in Liangshui Natural Reserve of our university, a study on the geographic varition and the primary selection of the best provenance ofLarix olgensis was carried out. The main results are as follows: I.The different provenances ofLarix olgensis have rich and wide genetic variation, and exist a linear correlation with latitude and longitude in collection area. General trends are enumerated below: Provenances at lower latitude and more west longitude have lighter thousand seed weight, short growth period, higher increment, wide branches, rich leaves and crown as well as worst adaptabillity. It is a dual-way variation along with two directions of latitude and longitude, and also embodies a change gradually in climate condition from south to north. The temperatures in seed production site, especially the mean temperature in January and ≥10 °C accumulated temperature, are important factors that produce geographic variation forlarix olgensis. 2. The variation of different provenances in periodic biological phenomena and growth rhythm trends are that: 1 both of the provenances from Changbai Mt. (III) and Dashitou(IV) at low latitude belong to the centralized growth type, and have shout growth period, the difference between these two provenances is that the provenance from Changbai Mt. grows well in all time, Dashitou provennce is well only in later period; 2 the provenance from Baidao Mt. (II) at middle latitude belongs to even growth type and has longer grpwth period, this provenance has higher increment in early and later periods relatively; 3 Xiaobeihu provenance at high latitude is a growth type among II. III and IV provenances and has a general growth period, the provenance grows better in middle time and worse in later time. 3. The best provenance in Liangshui Natural Reserve and its meighbourhood is Dashitou Procenance, which growth in height, diameter and volume has exceeded 16. 28%, 46. 27%, 30. 58%, 78. 20, 82. 00% as well as 392. 00% by comparison with the mean value of the contrast and the worst provenance respectively, The result from the height growth of three, five, seven and nine years oldLarix olgensis by using the method of order correlation analysis demonstrates that it is possible to make early selection of the provenance. Meanwhile, data from juvenile and mature oflarix olgensis plantation also prove the reliability of the early selection. 4. The provenance heritabilities of nine years oldlarix olgensis in Liangshui Natural Reserve are follows: The heritability of the height growth (h²) is 0.79; The heritability of the diameter breast height (h²) is 0.791; The geretic gain is 24.5% and 40.36% respectively.     

Conservation genetics and implications for restoration of Hemigenia exilis (Lamiaceae), a serpentine endemic from Western Australia

Hemigenia exilis (Lamiaceae) is a rare plant endemic to serpentine soils of the Goldfields of Western Australia. The species was presumed extinct until 1995, when it was re-discovered on a nickel ore deposit. To delineate the origin and extent of seed collection for rehabilitation after mining, and to identify the impact of removing one population due to mining, we assessed level and partitioning of genetic variation and differentiation. Twelve populations were sampled for DNA fingerprinting using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Ten primers produced 89 bands, 97% being polymorphic. Genetic diversity within populations ranged from 0.197 to 0.409, averaging 0.38 at the species level, which is high compared with most other endemic species. Heterozygosity within populations ranged from 0.355 to 0.431, averaging 0.27 over the species. AMOVA partitioned over 80% of the total variation within populations. Multidimensional scaling revealed weak but significant differentiation into a northern and southern provenance. Despite selective sampling, the genetic data provided useful information for the management of Hemigenia exilis. For restoration, seed should be collected from a range of habitats of several populations, while keeping the two provenances separate. This strategy is likely to maintain high genetic diversity and locally adapted populations.     

香樟优良种源及配套栽培技术研究

对香樟不同种源的生长量进行试验对比,分析不同肥料、密度、混交方式及坡位对香樟生长的影响。试验表明,湖北宜昌的香樟种源在试验地的生长量较好。不同肥料、坡位对香樟生长有显著影响,施有机肥对促进香樟生长效果较好,山腰位置的香樟地径、冠幅显著高于山顶和山脚的。     

引种盐松苗期种源试验

以国内樟子松为对照,对引进的10个种源盐松2年生苗木生长性状进行了测定和分析.结果表明:种源间地径、苗高、地上干质量、地下干质量、顶芽长度和最大侧根长差异极显著,主根长差异显著,最长初生针叶长不显著.除地径和主根长外,其它性状的遗传力均在80%以上,遗传变异系数均在16%以上,具有丰富的遗传变异基础.应用综合选择指数法对11个种源苗木生长状况进行评价,结果表明盐松的生长状况优于樟子松.以2种标准进行优良种源初步选择,按标准I选择的优良种源为N9和17274种源,按标准II选择的优良种源为N9、17274、17267、N10和754种源.标准I较标准II选择更严格,获得的遗传增益更大.     

毛竹不同种源竹材物理力学性质初步研究

通过对来自福建建瓯试验地16个毛竹种源竹材的密度、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗剪强度、顺纹抗拉强度和弦向抗弯强度及其弹性模量等物理力学性质的初步研究,结果表明:竹材物理力学性质在各种源之间存在一定的差异,其中湖南株洲的毛竹竹材物理力学性质比于其它种源的毛竹要好,而安徽霍山的毛竹竹材的物理力学性质较差,测量的各指标中有基本密度、抗剪强度、抗拉强度三项指标都达到最低;竹材密度的大小、抗拉强度的高低随种源纬度的降低而呈降低的趋势,而竹材的抗剪强度呈与之相反的趋势。     

哈密林区新疆落叶松地理种源试验

在哈密林场开展新疆落叶松两次年度重复地理种源试验。结果表明：种源间生长性状达显著差异水平;种源间主要代表性状随经纬度呈现不连续变异;奇台、和丰和布尔津种源是哈密林区最佳种源。其中奇台种源７年生高生长量超过对照５７．７％;依据种源生长性状１～７年生秩次相关分析和年度重复方差分析。证明该试验结果是可靠的。     

杉木优良种源家系选择

根据杉木地理种源试验和家系选择研究成果,从优良种源区直接引进经鉴定的优良家系组成选育群体,在江苏省句容市３个试点进行测定,优中选优。６ａ研究结果表明,家系间生长,适应性,抗病（炭疽病）性与结实性有显著的遗传差异。高径比、尖削度等干形指标和侧枝粗、林分整齐度等性状未见明显差异。家系选择具有较高的潜力和明显的增产效果。经综合坐标法选出亚林１、亚林２、湘１、湘２、林朵６、林朵７、林朵８、林朵１９、林朵２５等９个综合性状优良的初选家系,比生产上现行推广的广西融水优良种源杉木幼林（５ａ生）材积分别增加４９１％～２００１％（１２ｍ中等立地）;２８３％～１６０２％（１０ｍ较差立地）;１６４％～３７５％（１４ｍ优良立地