安徽省黄精产业经济发展分析

从黄精产业的内涵、资源状况、优势条件、制约因素、经济分析等角度论述了安徽黄精产业发展的相关问题,并对安徽黄精产业的未来发展进行了展望,同时提出了发展策略。     

Responses of Polygonatum odoratum seedlings in aeroponic culture to treatments of different ammonium: nitrate ratios

The objective was to determine the most favorable nitrogen (N) source ratio of ammonium (NH₄⁺) to nitrate (NO₃^?) for aeroponic culture of Chinese fragrant solomonseal Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce seedlings. Seedlings were cultured with solutions based on 50% Hoagland formula containing 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70 NH₄⁺:NO₃^? ratios for 21 days. Activities of anti-oxidant enzymes and glutathione contents of leaves with treatments of 10:90 and 20:80 NH₄⁺:NO₃^? ratios were higher than that of all-nitrate treatment, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower than that of all-nitrate treatment. The maximum quantum yield ?P_o value was normal among all of the treatments, whereas the absorption energy ABS/CSm value with 20:80 NH₄⁺:NO₃^? treatment was highest and the heat dissipation DIo/CSm value with 20:80 NH₄⁺:NO₃^? treatment was lowest among all of the treatments. These results supported that moderate proportion of 20% NH₄⁺ in the solution provided optimal growth condition for (P) P. odoratum aeroponic culture.     

西伯利亚蓼PsLEA基因的克隆及在NaHCO_3胁迫下的表达

根据西伯利亚蓼叶片cDNA文库中获得的胚胎发育晚期丰富蛋白(late embryogenesis abundant proteins,LEA)基因的部分序列,采用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术成功克隆了胚胎发育晚期丰富蛋白基因(LEA),命名为PsLEA(GenBank登录号:FJ478172)。该基因全长686bp,5'非翻译区为102bp,3'非翻译区为131bp,开放读码框为453bp,编码150个氨基酸。荧光定量PCR分析表明:正常情况下PsLEA基因在西伯利亚蓼的叶、茎和地下茎中皆有表达,其中茎中表达量最高。3%NaHCO3诱导胁迫下,叶、茎、地下茎中PsLEA表达均受到影响且表达模式存在差异,说明PsLEA基因与西伯利亚蓼的耐盐性相关。     

玉竹金银花复合饮料的研制

对玉竹金银花复合饮料的配方筛选与制备工艺进行探讨,结果表明:玉竹金银花复合饮料的最佳配方为:玉竹金银花提取液100 mL/L,蔗糖30 g/L,蜂蜜15 g/L,柠檬酸0.5 g/L,水90.45%(质量分数),经提取、过滤、调配、带热灌装、灭菌制备而成。     

基于电子鼻技术多花黄精药材的鉴别研究

为了建立基于电子鼻技术对多花黄精不同产地、不同生长年限及不同加工方法的药材的鉴别方法,本文通过电子鼻技术检测多花黄精不同药材样品的气味在传感器上的响应值,应用主成分分析(PCA)和LDA线形判别分析对特征数据进行统计学分析。结果表明,电子鼻检测不同产地、不同生长年限及不同加工方法的多花黄精药材的响应值有差异,气味有差异,PCA、LDA及雷达图分析均能判别。由此表明,电子鼻检测结合判别模式为多花黄精不同产地、不同加工方法和不同生长年限的药材提供了有效、客观和简便的定性鉴别技术。     

苍耳提取液与植物内生真菌抗菌活性研究(英文)

[Objective] The study was aimed to provide theoretical foundation for developing a new fungicide with high activity,low toxicity and low residua.[Method] Based on the plant growth rate and inhibition zone methods,the antifungal activity of extracts of every organ of Xanthium sibiricum,the fermentation liquid of endophytic fungi MC4-23,and the extract of mycelium were tested with six kinds of pathogenic fungi and three kinds of pathogenic bacteria respectively.[Result] The extract of every organ of Xanthium sibiricum,the fermentation liquid of endophyic fungi MC4-23,and the extract of mycelium all had antifungal activities.The acetone extracts of Xanthium sibiricum had stronger antifungal activities than the ethanol extracts of Xanthium sibiricum.The extracts of leaf have the strongest antifungal activities against fungi and bacteria.The inhibition rates of the six pathogenic fungi were all above 47.8%,and the inhibition diameters of the three pathogenic bacteria were all above 0.5 centimeter.The fermentation liquid of endophytic fungi also had strong activities against the fungi and bacteria.The inhibition rates of the six pathogenic fungi were all above 68.1%.The extracts of root of Xanthium sibiricum and the mycelium of endophytic fungi were all had antifungal activities.[Conclusion] Xanthium sibiricum and endophyic fungi MC4-23 had great value of development and utilization.     

Preliminary Studies on Antifungal Activity of Xanthium sibiricum and the Endophytic Fungi

[Objective] The study was aimed to provide theoretical foundation for developing a new fungicide with high activity,low toxicity and low residua.[Method] Based on the plant growth rate and inhibition zone methods,the antifungal activity of extracts of every organ of Xanthium sibiricum,the fermentation liquid of endophytic fungi MC4-23,and the extract of mycelium were tested with six kinds of pathogenic fungi and three kinds of pathogenic bacteria respectively.[Result] The extract of every organ of Xanthium sibiricum,the fermentation liquid of endophyic fungi MC4-23,and the extract of mycelium all had antifungal activities.The acetone extracts of Xanthium sibiricum had stronger antifungal activities than the ethanol extracts of Xanthium sibiricum.The extracts of leaf have the strongest antifungal activities against fungi and bacteria.The inhibition rates of the six pathogenic fungi were all above 47.8%,and the inhibition diameters of the three pathogenic bacteria were all above 0.5 centimeter.The fermentation liquid of endophytic fungi also had strong activities against the fungi and bacteria.The inhibition rates of the six pathogenic fungi were all above 68.1%.The extracts of root of Xanthium sibiricum and the mycelium of endophytic fungi were all had antifungal activities.[Conclusion] Xanthium sibiricum and endophyic fungi MC4-23 had great value of development and utilization.     

不同地区多花黄精的ITS序列分析及近缘种聚类分析

为建立快速鉴定多花黄精的方法及确定其亲缘关系,本研究采用DNA条形码分析的方法,通过对28个多花黄精材料的核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(ITS)片段进行扩增获得ITS序列,进行多重比对,并构建多花黄精及近缘种的系统发育分析树。结果表明:本研究共获得两种多花黄精ITS的单倍型,仅发生一个位点的突变,说明多花黄精种内保守性高,遗传稳定,并可作为多花黄精DNA条形码物种鉴定的对照序列;另外,其与穇属(Eleusine)中穇子(Eleusine coracana)物种亲缘关系最近。本研究为快速鉴定多花黄精提供了新方法,并为多花黄精的后续研究提供了依据。     

云南滇黄精根茎腐病病原鉴定

Polygonati rhizoma is used as traditional Chinese medicine and nutritional food. Polygonatum kingianum is one of the three source species of polygonati rhizoma. Rhizome rot disease is a serious constraint to the production of P. kingianum in Yunnan Province. Two kinds of purified fungal isolates, named PkF01 and PkF02, were obtained from the rhizome rot samples. Based on morphology, analysis of tef1α and rpb2 gene sequences, two fungal strains PkF01 and PkF02 were designated as Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, respectively. According to pathogenetic tests fufilling Koch's postulates, F. oxysporum and F. solani were identified as causal agents of rhizome rot of P. kingianum. The former showed a stronger pathogenicity on the rhizomes of P. kingianum than that of the latter one. This result is helpful to control rhizome rot on P. kingianum.     

基于均匀设计对黄精不定芽增殖培养的研究

[目的]筛选出最适合离体多花黄精不定芽增殖的培养基配方。[方法]以多花黄精带芽根茎为外植体,在激素种类、水平数较多的情况下,采用了均匀设计及其分析方法筛选出最适合黄精不定芽增殖的培养基配方。[结果]最佳培养基配方为MS+KT 1.49 mg/L+NAA 0.29 mg/L+琼脂0.7%+蔗糖3%(pH=5.8),平均增殖系数高达7.09以上。[结论]研究结果为多花黄精规模化、工厂化育苗提供理论和技术支撑。