Fusarium incarnatum isolated from black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, with black gill disease cultured in Vietnam

Fusarium incarnatum was isolated from gill lesions of cultured black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, in every crop during 2000-2002 in Nghe An province, Vietnam. Infected shrimps showed typical signs of black gill disease and mortalities about a month prior to harvest. Detailed morphological examinations, as well as molecular phylogenic analyses based on partial nucleotide sequences of ribosomal DNA, were made on the isolates. An artificial infection of kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus, using two selected isolates was also conducted and their pathogenicity determined.     

湛江港沙湾对虾养殖场虾池水质状况分析

2002年4～7月,对湛江港沙湾对虾养殖场虾池的水质及对虾的生长情况进行连续监测,应用单项指标评价、富营养化评价等方法,对该养殖场的水质状况进行了评价和营养分级。结果表明,该养殖场的水质呈高N低P状态,水温、DO和大部分池的pH、DRP符合第二类海水水质标准,DIN超标,超标率达70%,该养殖场目前处于P中等限制潜在性富营养水平阶段。     

Cu2+和Cd2+对斑节对虾幼虾的毒性作用

研究了Cu^2 和Cd^2 对斑节对虾幼虾 的急性和亚急性毒性作用，获得了Cu^2 和Cd^2 的半致死浓度、安全浓度和累积量。     

中国对虾幼体发育阶段氨基酸组成的研究

中国对虾幼体发育阶段氨基酸组成的研究马英杰，张志峰，廖承义，马爱军，孙谧（青岛海洋大学，青岛２６６００３）（黄海水产研究所，青岛２６６０７１）关键词中国对虾，幼体发育，氨基酸ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＭＩＮＯＡＣＩＤＩＮＬ...     

中国对虾亲虾生殖周期中消化酶活性及组织生化成分的变化

叙述了中国对虾亲虾(海捕亲虾与池养亲虾)在生殖周期中肝胰腺、中肠的消化酶活性及卵巢、肝胰腺、血淋巴生化成分的研究结果。蛋白酶、脂肪酶在卵巢成熟的Ⅳ期前活性较高，临产卵时(Ⅴ期)活性明显下降，而且海捕亲虾与池养亲虾具有相同的变化趋势；中国对虾卵巢、肝胰腺和血淋巴的蛋白质和脂肪含量随性腺发育有不同的变化规律，其中总蛋自在这几种组织中均随性腺发育含量增加，至Ⅳ期(肝胰腺)和Ⅴ期(卵巢、血淋巴)达到高峰值；卵巢的总脂和甘油三酯从发育Ⅰ期-Ⅴ期随着性腺指数的增长而有规律的上升，但肝胰腺脂肪含量在卵巢发育初期(Ⅰ期-Ⅱ期)未见明显变化，Ⅱ期以后，肝胰腺脂肪含量逐渐下降，当卵巢脂肪含量达到最高值时，肝胰腺脂肪含量正好下降到最低点。同时，还对中国对虾卵巢发育过程中蛋白质和脂肪的积累问题进行了分析和讨论。     

中国对虾亲虾的能量代谢研究

本试验测定了中国对虾亲虾在禁食和静息状态下的耗氧率、二氧化碳排出率和氨氮排泄率,研究了它们的呼吸商、氧氮比、能源的化学本质及其消耗量之比。结果表明,体重为85.1±14.8克的亲虾,在水温19～22℃时的耗氧率为0.25±0.08毫克/克·小时,二氧化碳排出率为0.28±0.09毫克/克·小时,氨氮排泄率为8.86±3.53微克/克·小时;亲虾以蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的混台物为能源,其中以蛋白质为主,脂肪次之,碳水化合物的利用最少;亲虾的耗氧率(Y)与体重(W)呈负相关,Y=1.89W~(-1.3),而与性腺发育的影响则相反,性腺发育好的亲虾代谢率高,性腺发育差的亲虾代谢率低。     

饲料中硒含量对中国对虾生长及其体内含量的影响

饲料中硒含量对中国对虾生长及其体内含量的影响王安利，王维娜，刘存岐，王所安（河北大学生物学系，保定０７１００２）王荣端，马志强（中国水产科学研究院北戴河中心实验站，０６６１００）关键词硒，饲料，中国对虾ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＳＥＬＥＮＩＵＭＣＯＮＣＥＮＴ...     

Inheritance mode of microsatellite DNA markers and their use for kinship estimation in kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus

The allelic inheritance mode of microsatellite DNA markers was examined using seven copulated wild females and their offspring. Five microsatellite loci, CSPJ002 *, CSPJ010 *, CSPJ012 *, CSPJ014 *, and CSPJ015 *, were used in the study. At almost all family/locus combinations, one sire was determined and distributions of genotypes in offspring were consistent with the Mendelian segregation ratio. Distributions of genotypes were consistent with the ratio after assuming a null allele at some loci. Consequently, the alleles of CSPJ002 * and CSPJ012 * were inherited following the Mendelian inheritance mode in every family; however, the null allele was expected in CSPJ010 *, CSPJ014 *, and CSPJ015 * in some families. Thus, these loci should be used carefully in population genetic analysis, but siblings could be detected in the dendrograms based on unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPMGA).     

中国对虾往西北内陆咸水水域移植的生产性试养研究

本文介绍了通过采用引进河水、压碱降盐等改良水质的技术措施,使中国对虾首次成功地移植到内陆咸水水域。经过1个月的试养,中国对虾平均体长增长3.82 cm,平均体重为1.82 g。     

Hemagglutinating activity and electrophoretic pattern of hemolymph serum proteins of Penaeus monodon and Macrobrachium rosenbergii to white spot syndrome virus injections

The giant fresh water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii is known to be highly tolerant to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections when compared to the widely cultured marine tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. At present, the exact mechanism of tolerance by M. rosenbergii to WSSV is not known. In this study, we attempt to study the effect of WSSV injections on the hemagglutination activity of the hemolymph serum of both P. monodon and M. rosenbergii and look for changes if any, on their hemolymph serum protein electrophoretic patterns. Our results show that M. rosenbergii had significantly (p < 0.05) higher hemagglutinating activity against mouse erythrocytes when compared to P. monodon. As the infection progressed to 48 h there was a further increase (p < 0.05) in the hemagglutination activity in M. rosenbergii, while it decreased in P. monodon. 12% SDS-PAGE analysis of the hemolymph serum of M. rosenbergii infected with WSSV did not show any new protein bands, whereas few bands with decreased intensity was observed in moribund P. monodon where the hemagglutinating activity was also observed to be decreased. The results indicate that hemolymph hemagglutinin levels are modulated in crustaceans as a response to viral infections.