基于传递函数模型的台风中心气压动态预测

[目的]通过ARIMA模型和传递函数模型的预测精度比较找到广东省台风预测中心气压的最好方法。[方法]利用时序图和相关系数对台风的风力、最大风速和中心气压进行相关性分析,得到它们具有很强的相关性。[结果]使用台风风力和最大风速作为输入变量的传递函数模型对样本内数据具有更好的预测效果。[结论]将现代时间序列分析的理论与方法应用于气象预报具有重要的实际意义。     

科学技术在社会主义新农村建设中的功能解析

对社会主义新农村建设中科学技术的作用进行了研究,结果表明：科技发展是推进农村经济文明建设的动力源泉,是推动农村生活文明建设的有效途径,是促进农村精神文明建设的重要基石,是加强农村生态文明建设的重要保障,是完善农村政治文明建设的重要条件。     

平凉市肉牛产业生态经济系统分析及预测

[目的]为进一步完善和优化平凉市肉牛产业生态经济系统结构,协调和理顺系统关系,提高系统功能和效益,促进系统保持持续、稳定、协调、高效发展。[方法]运用系统分析法和热力学定律,描述和分析了系统的结构和功能。[结果]从系统调控的角度提出平凉市肉牛产业系统应围绕产业配置资源,合理调控产业要素（环境、结构、技术、投入）,释放肉牛产业内在活力,形成种、养、加一体化,产-供-销一条龙的多结构、多功能、多出路的经济发展模式。[结论]依系统现状展望未来发展趋势,最终达到生产、生态、经济、社会效益的良性循环和可持续发展。     

家蚕LPH基因的生物信息学分析及表达模式研究

[目的]对家蚕LPH基因进行系统的分析。[方法]以家蚕基因组数据和EST数据为基础,用比较基因组学方法从基因组层次系统地鉴定家蚕LPH基因,对基因的结构、染色体分布、基因进化以及与其他模式昆虫的LPH基因进行比较分析,并利用基因芯片数据对LPH基因在家蚕5龄3 d组织中的表达情况进行研究。[结果]家蚕LPH是一个基因家族,包含19个直向同源基因,分布于6条染色体上,系统发生树分析表明它们主要分成二大类群;基因芯片数据分析表明家蚕LPH基因具有不同的表达模式,推测可能具有不同的功能,其中绝大部分基因在中肠组织中有表达,推测其可能参与黄酮类物质在家蚕体内的转运途径。[结论]该研究为家蚕LPH自身功能的研究提供分子基础,更重要的是为研究其他昆虫的LPH基因提供参考。     

Rehabilitation Experiment at Menzel Habib,Southern Tunisia

This long - term rehabilitation experiment is located near Menzel Habib, in the arid zone of southern Tunisia in a site with unambiguously degraded vegetation and soil, caused by a decades - old practice of overexploitation (grazing and plow agriculture). The fundamental premise is that by reintroducing an appropriate combination of native perennial plants, a simplified version of a previously occurring vegetation (and ecosystem) could be reinstated that would utilize the sparse and irregular water resources available in an efficient and complementary fashion, while also showing considerable resistance and resilience to moderate livestock grazing. The long - term goal is, on the basis of such a simplified system, to progressively achieve, through additional reintroductions and other manipulations, a state similar to that of the "ecosystem of reference," an example of which is provided in the nearby Bou Hedma National Park. In this paper we report various aspects of the experiment related to germination and establishment of four supposed keystone species (Rhanterium suaveolens, Plantago albicans, Stipa lagascae, and Cenchrus ciliaris) sown in field conditions, and compared to the ecosystem of reference for a number of parameters related to the structure and functioning of the ecosystems under study. Over a 4 - year period, distinct changes in the desired direction were observed in the experimental plots, and positive effects of controlled grazing were also recorded.     

驸马庄复合农业生态系统功能的评价

本文对地处北亚热带丘陵的驸马庄村以土地持续利用为目标的复合农业生态系统进行了综合的功能评价。系统的总体生产特性以粮食生产及农业总产值的持续性、稳定性为定量指标，以协调性（多样性）作为农业各部门协调发展的指标，较满意地反映了实际情况。对系统的能量、氮、磷、钾养分及资金的投入产出分析表明以上各项要素的总流通量在近10年中都有较大增长，系统的开放度相应提高。农田亚系统的光能利用率提高，能量产投比下降。磷、钾的产投比远大于1，导致土壤磷、钾的严重亏缺。畜牧亚系统各项效率明显增长。土地的人口负载力在动物产品大幅度增长条件下，从每公顷13.8人提高至15.5人，食物生产能力可负载两倍于现有的人口。     

Molecular aspects of cereal β-glucan functionality: Physical properties,technological applications and physiological effects

Cereals β-glucans are linear homopolysaccharides of consecutively linked (1→4)-β-d-glucosyl residues (i.e. oligomeric cellulose segments) that are separated by single (1→3)-linkages. β-Glucans display all the functional properties of viscous and gel forming food hydrocolloids combined with all the physiological properties of dietary fibres. This review focuses on the relationships between the molecular–structural characteristics of β-glucans and their physicochemical properties in aqueous dispersions and in food systems as well as their physiological functions in the gastro-intestinal tract. The physical properties of β-glucans, such as solubility and rheological behaviour in the solution and gel states, are controlled by their molecular features, such as their distribution of cellulosic oligomers, their linkage pattern and their molecular weight as well as by temperature and concentration. The technological and nutritional functionality of β-glucans is often related to their rheological behaviour. Incorporation of β-glucans into various products (bread, muffins, pasta, noodles, salad dressings, beverages, soups, reduced-fat dairy and meat products) showed that attributes, such as breadmaking performance, water binding and emulsion stabilising capacity, thickening ability, texture, and appearance appear to be related to the concentration, molecular weight and structure of the polysaccharide. The health benefits of β-glucans, such as reducing blood serum cholesterol and regulating blood glucose levels, are also correlated with the amount and molecular weight of the solubilised β-glucans in the gastro-intestinal tract.     

虎纹蛙肠道微生物结构与功能分析

利用高通量测序方法对虎纹蛙前肠、中肠和后肠微生物结构和功能进行分析。结果表明,虎纹蛙(Rana rugulosa)肠道核心菌群是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)。Romboutsia属、鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)、叶杆菌属(Phyllobacterium)是绝对优势菌属。肠道中存在弧菌(Vibro)、邻单胞菌(Plesiomonas)、气单胞菌(Aeromonas)、爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella)不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、鞘脂单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、伊丽莎白菌(Elizabethkingia)等常见的条件致病菌和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)、乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)和双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium)等潜在益生菌。比较发现,前肠和中肠微生物丰度和多样性显著高于后肠,且在门和属水平菌群结构差异明显;前肠和中肠微生物功能相似,与能量代谢、维生素代谢、氨基酸代谢、脂代谢、外源物质降解和代谢关联微生物丰度较高,而后肠中与核酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢关联微生物丰度较高。前肠和中肠中与信号转导、神经系统、内分泌系统、转运和分解等关联微生物丰度较高,后肠中与信号分子互作、细胞过程与信号、增殖与修复、免疫系统、翻译、转录、酶家族、环境适应、膜转运等关联微生物丰度较高。本研究解析了虎纹蛙肠道菌群结构和功能,为虎纹蛙健康养殖提供理论基础。     

叶酸对2型糖尿病大鼠胸主动脉内皮功能的影响

目的探讨长期补充叶酸对2型糖尿病大鼠胸主动脉内皮功能的影响及其作用机制。方法将2型糖尿病大鼠37只分为模型组(12只)、小剂量叶酸组(12只)和大剂量叶酸组(13只),另11只正常大鼠为正常对照组,叶酸干预11周后,剪尾采血分别检测血清一氧化氮、超氧化物歧化酶及丙二醛水平,并取胸主动脉制备主动脉环进行离体血管环反应性测定。结果模型组大鼠血清一氧化氮和超氧化物歧化酶水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),而血清丙二醛水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01);补充叶酸11周后,小剂量叶酸组及大剂量叶酸组血清一氧化氮及超氧化物歧化酶水平均较模型组有明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),而血清丙二醛水平较模型组明显降低(P<0.01)。在每一个乙酰胆碱累积浓度下,模型组大鼠胸主动脉环的舒张度均较正常对照组明显减低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而小剂量叶酸组和大剂量叶酸组大鼠胸主动脉环的舒张度则均较模型组明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),小剂量叶酸组大鼠胸主动脉环的舒张度与大剂量叶酸组相比差异无显著性。结论长期补充叶酸对2型糖尿病大鼠血管内皮功能损伤具有明显预防作用,叶酸可能通过增加机体一氧化氮合成从而提高血清一氧化氮活性和提高机体抗氧化能力来预防2型糖尿病大鼠血管内皮功能损伤的发生。     

既有房屋套建增层及功能改造相关问题

阐述了对既有房屋进行套建增层改造及功能改造的原因,介绍了可用于既有房屋套建增层改造及功能改造的结构形式、国内外的研究情况及作者近年来所开展的工程实践。提出了存在的问题及今后应开展的研究内容。