猪APOBEC3F基因外显子8单核苷酸的多态性及其与猪繁殖和呼吸综合征病毒易感性的关联性

为了研究猪载脂蛋白质B mRNA编辑酶催化多肽3F(APOBEC3F)基因的多态性及其对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)易感性的影响,对猪APOBEC3F基因外显子3、4、8和内含子3序列进行扩增和测序,筛选多态性位点,分析其与PRRSV易感性的相关性。测序结果发现内含子3的16 bp处发生1个A/G突变和外显子8的5 bp处发生1个G/A突变。针对外显子8的5 bp处发生1个G/A突变建立PCR-RFLP方法,检测9个猪种群共193个样本,发现在定远猪和梅山猪中有GG、GA和AA 3种基因型,在二花脸猪中有GG和GA 2种基因型,其他群体均为GG型。AA基因型猪肺泡巨噬细胞中PRRSV拷贝数在接毒后12 h显著高于GG基因型,极显著高于GA基因型。表明APOBEC3F基因外显子8与PRRSV抗性相关,外显子8的5 bp处G等位基因更有利于抵抗PRRSV的感染。     

甘蓝型油菜与黑芥种间杂种的合成

为利用黑芥抗病基因进行甘蓝型油菜遗传改良,采用胚培养方法克服种间杂交生殖隔离障碍进行黑芥与4个甘蓝型油菜品种之间的杂交.结果表明:以2.5％～5.3％的频率获得了以黑芥为母本、甘蓝型油菜为父本的4个杂交组合的三倍体杂种;以0.4％的频率获得了以陕油5号为母本、黑芥为父本的三倍体杂种,并采用基因组原位杂交进行了杂种的鉴定.通过秋水仙碱处理三倍体的方法成功地获得了相应的双倍体杂种.三倍体杂种主要性状表现出双亲的中间型,花粉无育性.经染色体组加倍所得的双倍体与相应的三倍体相比表现出生长旺盛性特点,花粉育性得到一定恢复.双倍体的获得为进一步将黑芥抗病基因引入甘蓝型油菜提供了条件.     

喷施硼、钼肥对紫云英经济性状及种子产量的影响

在紫云英始花期前,通过叶面单独喷施不同浓度的硼、钼肥,研究硼肥和钼肥对紫云英主要经济性状和种子产量的影响。结果表明：喷施硼肥和钼肥可有效增加紫云英的单株结荚数、每荚种子粒数和种子产量。施用硼肥各处理的紫云英种子产量均极显著高于对照,其中,种子产量最高的为处理B2（即：叶面喷施浓度为1500mg/kg）,达到309.7kg/hm2,比对照增产49%;施用钼肥各处理的紫云英种子产量均极显著高于对照,其中,种子产量最高的为处理Mo3（即：叶面喷施浓度为2000mg/kg）,达到312.9kg/hm2,比对照增产39.4%。因此,建议信阳地区紫云英叶面喷施硼肥和钼肥的最适浓度分别为1500kg/hm2和2000kg/hm2。     

基于CBERS-02B数据的森林三维绿量测算

【目的】以北京市密云县为研究对象,提出基于CBERS-02B数据的三维绿量测算方法。【方法】利用皮尔森相关系数分析地面样地三维绿量和遥感特征的相关性,并在密云县植被覆盖分类的基础上,分林型(阔叶林和针叶林)建立三维绿量测算模型。利用模型进行密云县森林植被三维绿量的反演,测算密云县三维绿量总量并分析其三维绿量的分布特征。【结果】建立了密云县阔叶林、针叶林三维绿量模型,其决定系数R2分别为0.724和0.735,总体精度为80.38%,单位面积均方根误差RMSE为1.41m3/m2,密云县三维绿量为523 561.516万m3,单位面积绿量为2.35m3/m2。【结论】基于CBERS-02B数据的森林三维绿量测算方法可行。     

A promising multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine against classical swine fever virus

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of swine. It is caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV), one of the members of the genus Pestivirus of the Flaviviridae family. The development of a safe and effective vaccine against the CSF is critical to pandemic control, this article shows a tandem-repeat multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine can protect pigs from CSFV challenge. That was composed as following: two copies each of glycoprotein E2 residues 693–707, 241–276 and 770–781, and two copies amino acid residues 1446–1460 of the non-structural protein NS2-3. In the challenge test, all of the swine vaccinated with Chinese vaccine strain (C-strain) were fully protected from a challenge with CSFV. However, after three successive vaccinations with the multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine, three out of five pigs were protected from challenge with CSFV (in terms of both clinical signs and viremia). These results demonstrate that multiple-epitope recombinant vaccine which carrying the major CSFV epitopes can induce a high level of epitope-specific antibodies and exhibit a protective capability that parallels induced by C-strain to a certain extent.     

Activated Vitamin D3 and Pro-activated Vitamin D3 Attenuate Induction of Permanent Changes Caused by Neonatal Estrogen Exposure in the Mouse Vagina

Exposure of mice to a high dose of estrogens including diethylstilbestrol (DES) during the neonatal period modifies the developmental plan of the genital tract, which leads to various permanent changes in physiology, morphology and gene expression. These changes include development of an abnormal vaginal epithelium lined with hyperplastic mucinous cells accompanied by Tff1 gene expression in mice. Here, the influence of vitamin D on the direct effect of estrogen on the developing mouse vagina was examined. The mid-vagina of neonatal mice was cultured in a serum-free medium containing estradiol-17β (E₂) and various concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (1,25(OH)₂D) ex vivo and then was transplanted under the renal capsule of ovariectomized host mice for 35 days. Exposure to E₂ alone caused the vaginal tissue to develop estrogen-independent epithelial hyperplasia and to express TFF1 mRNA, while addition of a low nanomolar amount of 1,25(OH)₂D added at the same time as E₂ to the culture medium attenuated the effects of estrogen. Expression of vitamin D receptor was also evident in the neonatal mouse vagina. Interestingly, addition of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃, a pro-activated form of vitamin D, at the micromolar level was found to be potent in disrupting the developmental effects of E₂, while cholecalciferol was not at least at the dose examined. Correspondingly, expression of Cyp27B1, a kidney-specific 25-hydroxyvitamin D hydroxylase, was evident in the neonatal mouse vagina when examined by RT-PCR. In addition, simultaneous administration of 1,25(OH)₂D successfully attenuated DES-induced ovary-independent hyperplasia in the vagina in neonatal mice in vivo. Thus, manipulation of vitamin D influenced the harmful effects of estrogens on mouse vaginal development.