Micrometam C Protects against Oxidative Stress in Inflammation Models in Zebrafish and RAW264.7 Macrophages

Micrometam C is a core of novel marine compound isolated from the mangrove associates Micromelum falcatum. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of micrometam C in inflammation models in the transgenic zebrafish line Tg (corola: eGFP) and RAW264.7 macrophages. We found that micrometam C significantly suppressed the migration of immune cells in tail-cutting-induced inflammation in transgenic zebrafish and reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in both zebrafish and macrophages. In addition, micrometam C also restored LPS-induced reduction of endogenous antioxidants, such as catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The protective effects of micrometam C were in parallel to its inhibition of NADPH oxidase and nuclear factor-kappa-binding (NF-κB) activity. Thus, the present results demonstrate that micrometam C protects against LPS-induced inflammation possibly through its antioxidant property.     

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species involved in the pathogenicity of Fusarium in potato tubers

Differences in virulence between Fusarium sulphureum and Fusarium sambucinum were compared. Changes in reactive oxygen species production and metabolism in inoculated slices of potato tubers were also compared. The result showed that Fusarium infection induced significant production of ROS, lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity, but low activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Compared to F. sambucinum, F. sulphureum led larger lesion diameters on potato tubers and slices. It resulted in more superoxide anion ($O_2^{-}$) and earlier peak of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), but lower activity of catalase (CAT) and APX, and accompanied with higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lower cell membrane integrity. These findings suggested that overproduction of ROS involved in the pathogenicity of Fusarium in potato tubers.     

外源NADP~+和NADPH缓解番茄幼苗NaCl胁迫伤害的初步研究

采用营养液培法,以加工番茄品种‘里格尔87-5’为材料,通过对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗叶片分别喷施5、10、15μmol·L~(-1)NADP~+和NADPH,研究外源NADP~+、NADPH对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗生长及其抗逆生理指标的影响。结果表明:外源喷施NADP~+、NADPH均能改善NaCl处理下加工番茄幼苗的生长性状,增加叶片叶绿素含量,提高根系活力和叶片过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)质量摩尔浓度。通过不同处理综合指标总加权值比较评价得出:NaCl胁迫下喷施5μmol·L~(-1) NADPH的效果最佳,其次为10μmol·L~(-1)NADP~+。可见,外源喷施NADP~+、NADPH通过增加色素含量,可提高抗氧化酶活性,降低膜脂过氧化水平,在一定程度上缓解盐胁迫对植株的伤害,从而增强对盐胁迫的适应性。     

IWF诱导小麦悬浮细胞H2O2迸发及其产生机制初探#br#

【目的】采用具有激发子活性的感染叶锈菌的小麦叶片细胞间隙液IWF-260刺激小麦洛夫林10悬浮细胞,探讨细胞感受激发子刺激引发的H2O2迸发情况及其产生的可能分子机制。【方法】采用化学发光法以及荧光探针DCFHDA、HE来研究H2O2的迸发以及NADPH氧化酶的活化。同时借助药物学试验探讨Ca2+和活性氧的关系。【结果】IWF-260可以引起悬浮细胞H2O2爆发,其在IWF-260刺激诱发的细胞死亡过程中发挥重要作用。而质膜NADPH氧化酶的激活以及胞外钙离子的内流与H2O2爆发有密切关系。【结论】IWF-260能够诱导细胞产生活性氧,质膜NADPH氧化酶和胞外钙离子内流参与了活性氧爆发过程。     

牛多形核白细胞(PMN)中P38 MAPK,PKC和PI3-K介导的NADPH氧化酶激活和吞噬作用(英文)

用血清调理的酵母聚糖（ｓｅｒｕｍ－ｏｐｓｏｎｉｚｅｄ　ｚｙｍｏｓａｎ　,ｓＯＺ）刺激多性核白细胞（ＰＭＮ）引起的Ｏ２－产生受到ｐ３８ＭＡＰＫ抑制物（ＳＢ２０３５８０）,ＰＩ３－Ｋ抑制物（ｗｏｒｔｍａｎｎｉｎ）和ＰＫＣ抑制物（ＧＦ１０９２０３Ｘ）的明显抑制,这些抑制物也明显引起ｓＯＺ诱导的一种ＮＡＤＰＨ氧化酶的胞浆成分 ｐ４７ｐｈｏｘ的磷酸化。可是流式细胞分析表明,ＳＢ２０３５８０和 ｗｏｒｔｍａｎｎｉｎ使吞噬作用减弱,而 ＧＦＩＯ９２０３Ｘ使吞噬作用增强。这些结果表明,虽然ＰＩ３－Ｋ和ｐ３８ ＭＡＰＫ都参与ＮＡＤＰＨ氧化酶激活和吞噬作用的信号传导,但ＮＡＤＰＨ氧化酶激活的信号传导途径与吞噬作用的信号传导途径不同。     

辣椒烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸基因(NADPH)在辣椒中的遗传转化及其抗病性鉴定

为了分析辣椒NADPH基因与辣椒疫病抗性之间的关系,明确其在辣椒抗疫病方面的作用,以辣椒NADPH基因为目的基因,利用载体pBI121构建了植物表达载体pBI121-NADPH,采用农杆菌介导法转化辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)感病品种B12,获得了5个卡那霉素抗性转化株系。对卡那霉素抗性转化植株进行PCR和RT-PCR分子检测发现,这5个转化株系含有目的基因CanNADPH。应用辣椒疫病抗性离体叶片鉴定技术,鉴定转基因植株对疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici)的抗病性,结果表明,转基因辣椒的发病率较非转基因植株降低了22.2%,其病情指数降低了46.5%,表明辣椒NADPH基因在辣椒抗疫病方面有重要作用。     

Differential expression of NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase in the rds mouse

AIM:To identify the genes that were differentially expressed in the retina of rds mouse during the development of retinitis pigmentosa.METHODS:mRNA differential display method was used to compare and analyze mRNA samples prepared from the retina of rds mouse and normal mouse on postnatal day 25(P25). Differentially expressed fragments were cloned, sequenced and compared with GenBank database by BLASTN. Expression difference was further investigated by gene-specific primer RT-PCR.RESULTS:Obvious difference in gene expression occurred between rds mouse and normal mouse. One fragment, clone No.5, shared 91% homology with rat NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) cDNA. Thus, it was identified as mouse b5R cDNA. Gene-specific RT-PCR confirmed that b5R mRNA level was increased in the retina of rds mouse compared with normal mouse on postnatal day 12, 25 and 37, respectively.CONCLUSION:Certain oxidative factors may up-regulate the expression of b5R resulting in large consumption of NADH and production of NAD⁺, through which apoptotic retinal cell death was enhanced.     

山羊小肠内AchE和NOS阳性神经元数量分布的比较

应用乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)和NADPH-黄递酶组织化学方法,研究了15日龄、4月龄和12月龄山羊小肠中胆碱能神经元和NO能神经元的数量分布变化。结果显示:1)肌间神经丛和黏膜下神经丛含有丰富的AchE阳性神经元,神经元聚集成神经节,并由节间支连成网状。2)NOS(一氧化氮合成酶)阳性神经元主要分布于肌间神经丛,神经元构成的神经节也连成网状;黏膜下神经丛内NOS阳性神经元稀疏,散在分布。3)小肠肌间神经丛中,12月龄的AchE和NOS阳性神经元总数比15日龄的增加163%和137%,但阳性神经元密度降低39%(AchE)和40%(NOS)。4)比较各肠段,AchE和NOS阳性神经元密度在回肠中最高,但神经元总数以空肠最多。结果表明山羊小肠中分布有丰富的胆碱能和NO能神经元,但黏膜下神经丛中胆碱能神经元多于NO能神经元;随着山羊小肠的发育,胆碱能和NO能神经元的数量逐渐增多而密度却下降。