不同施肥水平对马铃薯品质的影响

在平地和坡地条件下,采用4种施肥水平对鄂马铃薯4号品种进行栽培试验,考察不同施肥水平下对马铃薯淀粉品质的影响.结果表明,不同施肥水平下,平地和坡地栽培马铃薯,其淀粉含量达到显著性差异,施低肥时淀粉的含量较高,随着施肥量的增加,淀粉含量随之下降;在相同施肥水平下平地较坡地马铃薯淀粉含量的变化大,说明马铃薯淀粉除受施肥量影响外,还受地形、环境的影响,坡地存在水土流失,导致坡地比平地栽培马铃薯的淀粉含量低0.89%～3.86%.因此,合理栽培、适度开发利用土地资源以及重视水土保持尤为重要.     

德系安格拉毛用兔日粮最适营养水平探讨

本试验选用德系安格拉成年毛用兔80只,研究了其日粮不同粗蛋白(CP)、含硫氨基酸(SAA)和粗纤维(CF)水平对产毛性能的影响。结果表明,日粮中CP水平以16%～18%为宜,过高的CP水平并不能提高产毛率和毛的质量;日粮中SAA水平以0.65%～0.85%为宜,日粮配方中添加一定量的蛋氨酸能显著提高产毛性能;日粮中CF水平以14%左右提高毛的产量和质量为最佳,过精的日粮不仅造成浪费,而且对产毛性能并没有好处。     

小灵猫繁育技术的研究

小灵猫的繁育技术尚未成功，尤其是仔猫哺育中母猫食仔的难题没有解决。在１９８６～１９９５年，我们对小灵猫的发情、配种、妊娠、产仔、母猫哺育和仔猫的人工哺乳作了试验。在此基础上形成了一套技术方案，并且在仔猫哺育上取得了突破性进展。     

农机化发展现状及对策

农业国民经济的基础。国家经济发展水平越高,对农业的扶持力度也越大,这是社会发展趋势。我国作为一农业大国,农业综合生产能力对于国家整个经济的发展影响巨大。文章立足于新农村的建设,在分析我国农机化发展现状及存在问题的基础上,提出如何提高农机化水平的具体措施。     

N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对奶牛超排效果及血液指标的影响

本研究旨在探讨饲喂N-氨甲酰谷氨酸（NCG）对奶牛超数排卵效果及血液生化指标的影响。选取荷斯坦育成牛16头，随机分为2组，每组8头，对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮的基础上饲喂20 g/（d·头）的NCG，采用连续4 d递减注射FSH法测定NCG饲喂时间对供体牛超排效果的影响，分别在3次超排处理的第0、5、9天采集尾根静脉血测定激素指标及血清生化指标。结果表明，①NCG饲喂20 d时（第1次超排），试验组头均回收胚数、可用胚数、退化胚数、未受精卵数与对照组相比差异均不显著（P>0.05）；NCG饲喂50 d时（第2次超排），试验组头均回收胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；NCG饲喂80 d时（第3次超排），试验组头均可用胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；综合考虑3次超排效果，试验组头均回收胚数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。②NCG饲喂时间对供体牛血清中促卵泡素、促黄体素、孕酮、雌二醇的浓度均无显著影响（P>0.05），说明NCG饲喂时间对奶牛生殖激素的分泌无影响或为次要影响因素，超排效果的变化与生殖激素变化无明显的关联作用。③NCG饲喂时间对供体牛血清中谷草转氨酶的浓度无显著影响（P>0.05）；在NCG饲喂13 d时，试验组供体牛血清中葡萄糖浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；在NCG饲喂34 d时，试验组供体牛血清中尿素氮浓度显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；在NCG饲喂43和69 d时，试验组供体牛血清中一氧化氮浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合考虑，在重复3次超排时，每头供体牛每天饲喂20 g NCG，可提高3次连续超排的回收胚数4.98枚及可用胚数1.8枚，进而降低胚胎的生产成本。     

Selective Absorption of K over Na in Sugar Beet Cultivars and its Relationship with Yield and Quality in Two Contrasting Environments of Central Greece

Selective absorption (SA) of K over Na (i.e. the preferential absorption of K over Na) has been proposed as a Na tolerance mechanism but genotypic variation for this trait has not been assessed with sugar beet in the field. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the variation of SA in 14 sugar beet cultivars and to relate SA with yield and root quality in two sites of central Greece (Amfithea and Pyrgetos). Genotypic variation for SA was significant and the SA values were higher in Pyrgetos, the site with the lower soil K and Na concentrations. In Pyrgetos, a favourable environment for sugar beet growth, cultivars yielded more and root quality was better. In that site, a negative relationship between SA and yield (fresh root weight, sugar yield) was found indicating that strong Na exclusion from root is a disadvantage for high yielding. Negative SA–yield relationships were evident in Amfithea when five cultivars with very low SA values (<1.00) were excluded from the analysis. Combined all the cultivars, curvilinear functions were the best-fitted curves for the SA–yield relationships. In Amfithea, where sugar beets had lower water content in root (WCR), a significant, positive correlation between SA and % sucrose content in fresh root weight was found. This finding was ascribed to the dilution of sucrose in roots due to the increased WCR as a result of the increased root Na concentration. In both sites, SA was positively related with root K concentration and negatively with Na concentration. The positive correlations between SA and root α-amino N concentration indicated that sugar beet N nutrition could be affected by the genotypic ability to exclude Na from the root.     

A free-choice intake of mineral blocks in beef cows during the grazing season and in winter

A herd of 25 beef cows were offered four types of mineral blocks (A, B, C, D) with a different Ca to P ratio (A 0.6:1, B 0.8:1, C 2:1 and D 3.6:1). The Mg content was identical in all blocks whereas the Na content was equal in B, C and D, while the Na content in A block was double. The mineral block intake was monitored for 1 year, which was broken down to the grazing period (Pa) and the winter period (Wi). The intake of pasture grass and winter forage was assessed and the feed chemical composition was analysed; based on the obtained values, a macroelement balance (for Ca, P, Mg, Na and K) was calculated.The results showed the forage diet met requirements for all the observed macroelements (except in Na). The macroelement intake from forage was considerably higher than from mineral blocks. There were significant seasonal (Pa versus Wi) differences in B and C blocks intake. The consumption of D block was relatively invariable all year round; block A was refused in both seasons though it contained the highest amount of highly deficient Na.It can be concluded that mineral content in forage meets beef cattle requirements for Ca, Mg and K, P content is just satisfactory, and Na content is insufficient. It appears that cows control, to some extent, the Ca to P ratio in their diet by choosing the appropriate type of mineral block. However, the preference or refusal of some types of mineral blocks regardless of the season suggests the influence of other factors affecting mineral block intake which were not the subject of our observation.     

微肥亚硒酸钠对白肋烟TSNA水平的影响

对白肋烟品种TN86进行喷施不同浓度的微肥亚硒酸钠 ,然后分别进行杀青烘干和自然晾晒调制处理 ,最后分析测定其不同部位叶片的TSNA含量。结果表明 :自然晾晒调制处理的叶片TSNA含量远高于杀青烘干调制处理的叶片 ;对于自然晾晒调制处理的叶片 ,当微肥浓度为 10 μg/ml时 ,其上、中、下部烟叶的TSNA水平均有所提高 ,随着微肥浓度的增加 ,其TSNA水平逐渐降低 ;当微肥浓度增加到 40 μg/ml时 ,其TSNA水平达到最低 ,以后逐渐平稳。对于经过杀青烘干处理的叶片 ,当微肥浓度为 10 μg/ml时上、中部白肋烟烟叶的总TSNA含量分别降低了 5 2 %和 3 7% ,随着微肥浓度的提高 ,变化趋于平缓 ;对下部叶来说 ,喷施微肥浓度在 10～ 40 μg/ml范围内 ,其TSNA总量呈显著上升趋势 ;当喷施浓度≥ 40 μg/ml时 ,TSNA含量又逐步降低。     

果园发展水平遥感动态监测与预测

应用遥感技术，对地处南亚热带的福州建新的果园发展进行长达２０年的监测和预报．结果表明，采用遥感技术与结合地面动态监测网调查资料，所获取的果园发展水平的动态信息数据可靠，方法可行．     

驱动式圆盘犁的现状与发展

驱动式圆盘犁是８０年代出现的一种新型、高效、节能的耕地机具．本文介绍了驱动式圆盘犁的国内外研制情况与水平，并对市场前景作了分析，提出在国内进一步开发有关驱动式圆盘犁产品的建议．研究结果可供驱动式圆盘犁产品设计和制造部门参考．