小麦不育材料幼胚培养植株再生性研究

本试验对小麦两类不育材料幼胚愈伤诱导及分化进行了研究,结果表明:①N6培养基愈伤组织诱导率最高95%～100%;不同材料平均出愈率由高到低依次为雄性不育1号、雄性不育2号、雌性不育1号;②接种18～30dMS培养基最早产生不定芽分化。最早可见不定芽分化的材料为雄性不育1号,分化进程较雌性不育幼胚提早7～10d;雄性不育1号和雌性不育1号幼胚愈伤组织分别培养45,52d分化率达峰值均为100%,雄性不育2号材料在培养112d分化率达峰值67.4%;③单独加入2,4 D并随2,4 D浓度降低不定芽分化率有增加的趋势。2,4 D与KT配合使用不定芽分化率最高,达100%,以低浓度2,4 D(0.25～0.50mg·L-1)与KT(0.1～0.2mg·L-1)配合为宜。④分化不定芽在不同培养基中生长增殖不同,以C17为最佳同时附加KT0.2mg·L-1 2,4 D0.1mg·L-1分化苗可增殖6倍;再生植株移栽成活率80%以上;接种至移栽历时4个月。     

菊苣子叶离体培养与植株再生的研究

以菊苣无菌苗的子叶为外植体,研究其在附加不同浓度NAA和6-BA的培养基上的分化情况.结果表明:在不同培养基上,菊苣子叶均能诱导出淡黄色的愈伤组织和分化形成不定芽,但不同基因型菊苣的出愈率和不定芽诱导存在明显差别.诱导Rossa di Verona tardiva selez prelude和Rossa di treviso菊苣愈伤组织形成和芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+6-BA 2 mg/L;而诱导In miscuglio菊苣愈伤组织和芽分化的最佳培养基为MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L+6-BA 3 mg/L.     

茄子的组织培养和植株再生体系研究

以2个茄子品种：红茄和紫长茄的子叶和下胚轴为外植体,探讨了不同生长调节物质对外植体分化的影响和不同品种、不同外植体的分化能力差异,并建立了茄子的高频率离体再生体系。结果表明：培养基MS＋2,4-D 1.0 mg/L＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L诱导愈伤组织效果最好;诱导不定芽方面,培养基MS＋4-PU 0.1 mg/L诱导效果最好;1/2MS培养基较MS培养基更适合植株生根。     

黄瓜游离小孢子培养诱导成胚和植株再生

 以10个不同基因型黄瓜为试材进行游离小孢子培养，通过对成胚条件的系统研究，从‘7447’和‘Poinsett97’中获得了子叶形胚和再生植株。研究结果表明：基因型和小孢子发育时期是限制黄瓜游离小孢子成胚的关键因子。不同品种间胚状体产量差异显著，每皿产胚1.5～33.4个。单核靠边期是进行黄瓜游离小孢子培养的最佳时期。低温预处理有利于胚状体的诱导，4 ℃预处理2～4 d为宜，以处理2 d时胚状体产量最高。外源激素在诱导胚状体时并非必需，但低浓度的外源激素（0.5 mg·L^-1 2,4－D、0.2 mg·L^-1 6－BA）更能促进小孢子成胚。NLN和B5两种基础培养基在诱导胚状体上无显著差异。子叶形胚易分化成苗，而其它类型的胚状体不能获得再生植株。     

Increase of in vitro regeneration in Malus domestica by the application of phosphatase inhibitors

The effect of the phosphatase inhibitors sodium fluoride and sodium orthovanadaate on adventitious shoot regeneration from primary leaf explants was tested in eight genotypes of apple Malus domestica Borkh. Ten different concentrations between 0.5 and 100μM of each substance were added to a modified Murashige and Skoog regeneration medium containing 0.9 μM TDZ and 0.5 μM IBA. In general, all the con-centrations tested were able to promote shoot formation, although distinct maxima could be observed depending upon the genotype and the inhibitor. Shoot yield was influenced mostly by the genotype and by the concentration of the inhibitor, as well as the interaction between these two factors. In six of the eight genotypes the total number of regenerated shoots increased significantly compared with the control. This was achieved by an increase of the number of regenerating explants as well as the number of shoots per regenerating explant Comparing these results with those of former publications, application of the two phosphatase inhibitors resulted in an improved regeneration response in the corresponding genotypes. This method may also contribute to the understanding of in vitro regeneration in plants.     

Improved micropropagation protocol and enhancement in biomass and chlorophyll content in Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni by using high copper levels in the culture medium

Incorporation of a range of higher concentrations of CuSO₄·5H₂O in MS medium [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with 240 tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15, 473–497] significantly enhanced direct shoot bud induction and proliferation from cultured leaf and nodal explants taken from mature plants of Stevia rebaudiana. Shoot bud induction medium was supplemented with BAP (2.2 μM) and IAA (2.8 μM). When the concentration of CuSO₄·5H₂O in the induction medium was raised to 0.5 μM (five times the MS level, i.e. 0.1 μM) there was significant increase in percentage response along with increase in shoot bud number per explant. The shoots were healthy, well developed with dark green broader leaves. There was remarkable increase in total biomass and chlorophyll content at increased (0.5 μM) copper level in the medium. During proliferation stage also presence of high copper levels in the medium favoured increase in shoot bud number per explant.     

银条茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存及其植株再生

 为长期稳定保存银条种质, 建立了玻璃化法超低温保存其茎尖的技术体系。选择继代4次的 银条无菌壮苗, 5 ℃低温驯化14 d; 剥取5 mm的茎尖, 在含有0.5 mol·L ^{- 1}蔗糖的MS (无Ca^{2 +} ) 液体培养基预培养1 d; 25 ℃条件下经改良MS + 2PVS₂装载20 min; 在- 20 ℃, 95%乙醇浴中以PVS₂脱水处理4h; 更换新鲜的PVS₃后投入液氮, 保存24 h后取出冷冻管在40 ℃水浴中化冻1 min; 以含有1.2 mol·L ^{- 1}蔗糖的改良MS (无Ca^{2 +} ) 溶液洗涤2 次, 每次10 min; 冻存后的茎尖相对存活率超过70%。将冻存后的茎尖转接到再生培养基上, 暗培养20 d后转入正常光照条件下培养, 存活率达63.7%; 继续培养得到正常分化和生长的再生植株, 生根后可移栽成活。     

一代与二代人促闽粤栲林分特征对比评价

同一地林块８年生一代和６年生二代人促闽粤栲林分群落学特征及测树学特征对比评价结果表明：两代林分群落结构相近；二代林分乔木层物种多样性指数、均匀度比一代林分略大；二代林分生产力较一代林分的低，但仍保持较高的生产力．     

银脉单药花组织培养及植株再生

以银脉单药花(Aphelandra squarrosa)当年生幼嫩茎段为外植体,根据其茎段幼嫩程度不同分为三级(未木质化、半木质化、木质化)进行进瓶诱导并建立了无菌系;在此基础之上对其进行了丛芽增殖及生根诱导研究,实验结果表明:半木质化茎段为最佳的外植体;而且不同的外植体其最佳的灭菌条件有所不同:未木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞5 min;半木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞7.5 min;木质化:φ=75%酒精30 s 1 g/L升汞8.5 min;较好的增殖培养基为:MS KT0.5 mg/L IBA0.1 mg/L;较好的生根诱导培养基为:MS NAA0.5 mg/L。     

雷公山姊妹岩大果马蹄荷群落初步研究

大果马蹄荷群落是雷公山森林生态系统中的一个类型，通过调查，对大果马蹄荷群落结构、群落特征、天然更新进行初步研究。