广东象头山自然保护区的生态安全设计初探

广东象头山自然保护区对于生态安全问题的预测和研究尚处于初步阶段。为探讨象头山自然保护区的生态安全设计问题,将生态安全设计分为三个阶段,即规划决策阶段、基础设施建设阶段和维护管理阶段,并着重从生态安全规划、基础工程建设、能源利用、“三废”处理、易受生态安全威胁的敏感区域、生态监测体系等方面对保护区的生态安全设计进行了初步探讨,并提出了相应的措施。     

Are health benefits of physical activity in natural environments used in primary care by general practitioners in The Netherlands?

There is a growing body of literature showing that physical activity and nature have a positive effect on people's health and well-being. Additionally literature indicates that there may even be a synergic benefit from being physically active whilst simultaneously being directly exposed to nature. This insight is used in recovery programmes for work related stress and mental health care settings. However, as primary care is usually people's first point of contact with the health care system, the greatest benefits for people's health can probably be obtained in primary health care settings. The aim of the present study is therefore to investigate to what extent general practitioners advise patients on physical activity and whether they refer to the additional health benefits of physical activity in a natural environment.

A secondary analysis was performed on a random sample of 2784 video-taped patient consultations of 100 general practitioners in The Netherlands. Many characteristics of these consultations were known on the basis of earlier analyses: diagnosis, age and sex of patient and whether or not the issue of physical activity had been brought up by either patient or doctor. First, we investigated to what extent and with which health problems advice was given concerning physical activity. Second, from these consultations, a stratified sample of 100 consultations was observed in order to investigate whether an advice was given by the general practitioner concerning the additional benefits of nature. In 26% of all consultations advice on physical activity was given by the general practitioner. Physical activity was mentioned more often in cases of vague complaints than in cases with a clear cut diagnosis. As could have been expected, physical activity was mentioned relatively frequently in cases of musculoskeletal complaints and complaints of the nervous system. The additional benefits of physical activity in natural environments was not mentioned during any of the consultations.

In conclusion, general practitioners regularly give advice on physical activity. However, they fail to mention that physical activity in nature areas might have additional health benefits. Given the fact that medical treatment is increasingly evidence based, we think the evidence for the health benefits of physical activity in nature needs to be stronger. Results from such research could eventually find their way into the guidelines of the general practitioners.     

旅游开发对祁门牯牛降自然保护区水质的影响

2006年9月至2007年6月对祁门牯牛降景区牯牛湖的浮游植物进行了调查，经鉴定共有浮游植物99属种，隶属于5门61属。采用“污染指示种”对牯牛湖的水质污染状况进行了评价，结果表明：旅游开发对祁门牯牛降自然保护区牯牛湖的水质影响微小。     

我国增加黄金储备的必要性及风险分析

在我国外汇储备巨增,美元贬值背景下,适当增加黄金储备十分必要,但冒然增加黄金储备也会面临风险。具体分析了当前形势下增加黄金储备的必要性及实际增加黄金储备面临的风险,并对增加黄金储备可采取的途径提出了建议。     

盱眙铁山寺自然保护区植物区系及植物资源分析研究

在对盱眙铁山寺自然保护区进行植物调查和标本采集的基础上,分析了该地区植物区系基本组成成分及其植物区系特点。并对植物资源进行了分析,按其经济用途,分为纤维植物、淀粉和糖类植物、油脂和芳香油植物、药用植物、野菜植物和观赏绿化植物6大类。最后提出了植物资源开发利用和保护的建议。     

严格执行储备办 法规范蚕种储备制度

蚕种是特殊的农作物种子，又是茧丝绸业的基础。蚕种具有超前生产、用途专一、社会影响等特点。养蚕是蚕农栽桑获取回报的最主要途径，因而蚕种储备制度的建立，有利确保蚕种供应。建立蚕种储备制度，既是促进蚕业稳步发展的需要，也是法律法规规定的政府义务。经过2007年的努力，省、市、县（市、区）三级储备一代杂交种达80000盒，原种5000张。本文重点介绍了蚕种储备规范操作的要求。     

凤凰山自然保护区动植物资源与发展前景

辽宁省凤凰山自然保护区位于辽宁省凤城市东南，主要任务是保护和繁殖珍贵稀有物种。区划面积２６００ｈｍ＾２。区内既有长白区系代表植物，也有华北区系代表植物。有高等植物１１４科４６１属１０２８种，其中国家级保护植物１０余种，省级保护植物１３种。辽宁省新记录种７种。有脊椎动物２４目５９科１６２种。凤凰山风景奇秀，古迹众多，是辽宁省著名的旅游胜地，目前该区已建立生态型鸟园，放养丹顶鹤毛病稀鸟类４０余种近千只     

凤阳山自然保护区福建柏种群结构和分布格局研究

应用植物种群生态学的研究方法,对浙江凤阳山自然保护区福建柏的种群结构和分布格局进行了研究,探讨了其动态过程及机制。结果表明:在所设的样地中,福建柏种群大小级分布图的形状基本相似,种群的年龄结构为稳定型;其分布格局主要以随机分布为主,也有一定比例的集群分布,但集群强度有差异,且幼苗和幼树的集群强度明显大于中树,树种呈扩散趋势。     

湖南小溪国家级自然保护区野生药用植物资源研究

对小溪国家级自然保护区的野生药用植物资源进行了初步调查。结果表明，小溪自然保护区有野生药用植物200科685属1420种。在介绍了88个科106种重要的药用植物药用部位和药用功能的基础上，就如何开发利用和保护药用植物资源提出了建议。     

菜阳河自然保护区森林生态系统服务功能价值评估

为研究中国云南亚热带南部季风常绿阔叶林生态系统的服务功能,选择菜阳河自然保护区,应用市场价值、影子价格和机会成本法等方法,对保护区内的优势地带性植被(季风常绿阔叶林),以及另外2种植被类型(季节雨林和山地雨林)的生态系统服务功能的经济价值进行了估算。结果表明:涵养水源价值为4 919.56万元/a,固持土壤的价值为9 631.76万元/a,固定CO2的价值为1 365.05万元/a,净化空气的价值为2 504.92万元/a。4项合计的总价值平均每年为1.842 1亿元。