兰州百合高效再生体系的建立

以兰州百合新鲜鳞片为试材进行高效再生体系的研究。结果表明：兰州百合中层、内层鳞片比外层鳞片容易再生不定芽,更适于作为外植体。鳞片在MS+0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA 的诱导培养基上再生频率最高,可达90%;不定芽在MS+0.8 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.05 mg·L^-1 NAA 的增殖培养基上增殖率最高,平均每芽新增芽4.5 个;不定芽在MS+0.8 mg·L^-16-BA+0.05 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L^-1 AC 的壮苗生根培养基上鳞茎的膨大倍数最高,生根数量较多,小苗长势优,移栽后成活率达98% 以上。     

春季栽培甜玉米品种鄂甜玉6号的种植密度筛选试验

为了研究春季栽培时,不同定植密度对甜玉米品种鄂甜玉6号主要农艺性状、产量及品质的影响,对2800、3200、3500、4000株／667m^2 4个种植密度进行了比较试验,结果显示,春季栽培时3200～3500株／667m^2为鄂甜玉6号最适宜的种植密度．其产量较高。     

Optimal chemical triploid induction in geoduck clams, Panopea abrupta, by 6-dimethylaminopurine

The development of geoduck culture techniques coupled with increased market demand during the past decade led to cultured intertidal geoduck beds, over which concerns have arisen regarding the potential genetic risk posed by the reproductive contribution of hatchery outplants to wild stocks. Although an ongoing study to determine the genetic stock structure of Puget Sound geoducks has yet to yield definitive results, sterile triploids would enable geoduck culture to proceed irrespective of any genetic differences found, and may increase rate of growth. At 15 °C and salinity of 30‰, we evaluated the suitability of cytochalasin B (CB) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) for triploid induction in geoducks. Parallel tests of induction agent, start time, duration, and concentration were conducted on the same gamete pool. We found optimal triploid induction (92%) and suitable survivorship (30%) resulted from a 600 μM 6-DMAP treatment. This work enables the future examination of the efficacy of triploid induction for conferring sterility and increasing growth rate in this commercially valuable species.     

6-二甲基氨基嘌呤诱导泥蚶三倍体实验

于2001年5月,用6-DMAP抑制泥蚶受精卵第二极体的释放诱导三倍体的产生。实验设三个6-DMAP浓度梯度,分别为300μmol/L、450μmol/L、600μmol/L,处理时机为受精卵第一极排放体30％,处理持续时间为10min。结果:三倍体诱导率300μmol/L时为35.5％,450μmol/L时为48.6％,600μmol/L时约为58.5％,另外本实验还就6-DMAP浓度对D形幼虫孵化率和畸形率的影响以及在染色体制片过程中的有关问题进行了初步探讨。     

Long-term nutritional effects on the primary liver and kidney metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). II. Adaptive response of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity to high-carbohydrate/low-protein and high-fat/non-carbohydrate diets

The influence of long-term administration of high-carbohydrate/low-protein and high-fat/non-carbohydrate diets were studied in relation to kinetic behaviour of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in liver and kidney of rainbow trout. In all cases studied, the saturation curves of these enzyme showed typical hyperbolic kinetics without evidence of sigmoidicity. After 30 days of feeding with a high-fat diet (170 g kg^?1), there was a significant decrease in V_max and specific activity (45%) as well as catalytic efficiency (39%) without changes in K_m or activity ratio of hepatic glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. These changes agree more with a clearly decreased cell concentration than with an inhibition of the pre-existing enzyme. The administration of a high-carbohydrate diet (60 g kg^?1), contrary to what was previously thought, decreased V_max by 21% and specific activity and catalytic efficiency by 30%, without significant changes in the other kinetic parameters of the hepatic enzyme. The kinetic behaviour under these nutritional conditons was due to the rejection of this diet by the fish and thus could be considered a low-feeding situation. On the other hand, no variations in the kinetics of renal glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were found, clearly demonstrating that in this organ, the pentosephosphate pathway showed no adaptive response related to fattyacid and other lipid synthesis. The activity of the renal enzyme was consistently half that of the hepatic enzyme.     

6-BA对小麦开花期渍害的缓减效应

为了解6-苄氨基嘌呤(BA)对小麦开花期渍害的减缓效应,在大田条件下,于2012-2013和2013-2014年度,以郑麦9023为材料,研究了开花期喷施BA对小麦光合、干物积累及产量的影响。结果表明,开花期渍水使小麦两年分别减产51.4%和52.3%,减产的主要原因是千粒重和穗粒数降低,尤其是千粒重的下降,而穗粒数的减少主要归因于弱势粒的减少(两年分别减少21.4%和71.4%)。渍水前喷施6-BA处理比渍水处理显著增产,两年分别增产7.8%和31.6%,增产的主要原因是提高了千粒重和穗粒数。渍水前喷施6-BA可提高旗叶光合速率及SPAD值、干物质积累总量及收获指数,缓减旗叶及倒三叶衰老。说明渍水前喷施6-BA可通过促进小麦光合作用和干物质积累及其向籽粒的分配,减缓渍水对产量形成的不利影响。