不同食物对异色瓢虫蛹体及鞘翅颜色的影响

本研究旨在探究食物(人工饲料、豌豆蚜)对异色瓢虫黑化突变体与野生型蛹和成虫的黑化程度及鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量的影响,并分析两个表型对食物变化的响应差异。结果表明:食物种类对黑化突变体蛹背部黑斑数目无影响,但取食人工饲料时蛹表皮的黑化程度更高;野生型蛹背部黑斑数目及黑化程度均是人工饲料处理显著高于豌豆蚜处理。对雌成虫,取食人工饲料会显著增加黑化突变体与野生型鞘翅黑斑数目及黑化程度;对雄成虫,食物类型对黑化突变体与野生型鞘翅黑斑数目也有显著影响,但不影响突变体的黑化程度。黑化突变体与野生型雌雄成虫取食人工饲料后,鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量均低于取食豌豆蚜的处理;在取食豌豆蚜的处理中,黑化突变体雌虫鞘翅中类胡萝卜素含量显著高于野生型。上述结果表明,黑化突变体自身及其响应食物变化引起的色素沉积规律较野生型有较大差异,研究结果为进一步探究异色瓢虫的色素沉积规律奠定了良好基础。     

江苏地区猪圆环病毒2型流行病学调查

应用复合PCR方法,对江苏地区的162份可疑病料进行了检测,结果72份病料为PCV2阳性,17份为PCV1阳性,其中7份同时感染PCV1和PCV2。从发病时间看,以9~11月发病最多,阳性率高达54.67%。样品较多的保育猪和育肥猪的阳性率分别是26.03%和68.12%。通过流行病学调查,表明该病已在江苏地区呈流行趋势。同时对18头PCV2阳性猪病料的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑、腹股沟淋巴结、肠系膜淋巴结、扁桃体进行PCV2检测,结果有7头PCV2阳性猪的各个脏器都能检测出PCV2;在这些脏器中,肺、腹股沟淋巴结、扁桃体的检出率都为100%,较其他受检脏器更适合作为PCV2的检测样品。     

我国兔毛品质研究状况的探讨

通过对兔毛纤维类型、物理特性和结构特征的分析,并与相关动物纤维作比较,探讨了兔毛在纺织上的应用价值。     

Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎弱毒疫苗的研制

本试验从山东地区分离的多株Ⅰ型鸭病毒性肝炎毒株中筛选出免疫原性优良毒株CL,将其在SPF鸡胚中盲传致弱后制备鸭肝炎弱毒疫苗。安全检验、保存期和免疫效力试验结果表明。研制的鸭肝炎弱毒疫苗安全可靠,无毒副作用;-20℃条件下可保存6个月以上;接种后抗体产生快,3d便可产生较强的免疫力,7d时抗体中和效价为2^63,一次免疫抗体可维持6周以上。     

Geographical patterns based on faunal types of breeding birds and mammals in China

We collected available chorological data of birds and mammals in China and assigned faunal types. The 19 sub‐regions of the zoogeographical regions of China were used as operative geographical units. Matrices of the geographical units using the species number of each faunal type were then constructed. Based on the matrices we clustered the geographical units using a hierarchical cluster analysis The results of the faunal divisions according to the cluster analysis were illustrated in a geographic information system (GIS). When 19 geographical units were clustered into two clusters, the boundary of the two clusters corresponded to that of the Palearctic and Indomalayan (Oriental) realms in the recent division of Chinese fauna. When the geographical units were clustered into eight clusters, the sub‐region Southern Yunnan Hilly became an idiographic cluster. As a result, Southern Yunnan hilly should be regarded as a region rather than a sub‐region at the same level as Southwest region, Central China region and South China region. The differences in the distribution patterns of birds and mammals among the units in the Indomalayan (Oriental) realm were more complicated than those in Palearctic realm. A few differences of the cluster analysis results based on the faunal types were found between the bird and mammal species. These differences might result from the different ecological and geographical distribution patterns of these two animal categories.     

《食用菌学报》载文、作者、引文、被引情况及出版时滞的统计分析

根据信息计量学原理运用文献分析法对《食用菌学报》1994～2008年载文数量、分类、基金论文率、论文合著、引文情况以及出版时滞等因素进行了分类和量化处理,同时对学报载文被引用情况进行统计分析,为作者和读者了解学报的发展及其影响力提供客观数据。     

Adeno-associated virus type 9-mediated p65 silencing inhibits angiotensin II-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells

AIM: To study the effect of p65 gene silencing by adeno-associated virus type 9 (AAV9)-mediated RNA interference on angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ; 10^-6 mol/L for 24 h)-induced apoptosis of rat ventricular H9c2 myocytes, and to elucidate the possible mechanism. METHODS: The H9c2 cells were transfected with rAAV9-eGFP and rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA at multiplicity of infection (MOI)=4×10⁶ vg/cell. eGFP expression in the cells was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope, and the percentage of eGFP positive cells was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of p65 was determined by Western blot. CCK-8 assay was used to measured the viability of transfected H9c2 cells. The apoptosis of the cells transfected with the virus and with Ang Ⅱ stimulation was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The cells began to exhibit eGFP expression on the 2nd day after transfection. The fluorescence intensity was increased over the time of transfection. eGFP expression reached the maximum on the 5th day, and the transfection efficiency was (52.7±1.9)% at this time point. Compared with blank control group, no significant effect of AAV9 on the viability of H9c2 cells was observed. In resting state, p65 in the H9c2 cells had a certain activity. After Ang Ⅱ stimulation, the activity of p65 was obviously increased, while transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibited the expression of p65. The apoptosis of H9c2 cells in Ang Ⅱ stimulation group was significantly higher than that in blank control group, while transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibited apoptosis of H9c2 cells. CONCLUSION: Transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibits the expression of p65 gene of NF-κB pathway in the H9c2 cells without causing cell growth inhibition, and reduces the apoptosis induced by Ang Ⅱ.     

Mapping vegetation functional types in urban areas with WorldView-2 imagery: Integrating object-based classification with phenology

Mapping urban vegetation is a prerequisite to accurately understanding landscape patterns and ecological services provided by urban vegetation. However, the uncertainties in fine-scale vegetation biodiversity mapping still exist in capturing vegetation functional types efficiently at fine scale. To facilitate the application of fine-scale vegetation spatial configuration used for urban landscape planning and ecosystem service valuation, we present an approach integrating object-based classification with vegetation phenology for fine-scale vegetation functional type mapping in compact city of Beijing, China. The phenological information derived from two WorldView-2 imagery scenes, acquired on 14 September 2012 and 26 November 2012, was used to aid in the classification of tree functional types and grass. Then we further compared the approach to that of using only one WorldView imagery. We found WorldView-2 imagery can be successfully applied to map functional types of urban vegetation with its high spatial resolution and relatively high spectral resolution. The application of the vegetation phenology into classification greatly improved the overall accuracy of classification from 82.3% to 91.1%. In particular, the accuracies of vegetation types was improved by from 10% to 13.26%. The approach integrating vegetation phenology with high-resolution remote sensed images provides an efficient tool to incorporate multi-temporal data into fine-scale urban classification.     

中国北方草原生物量年际动态

不同类型或同一类型不同区域的草地,其地上生物量在时间和空间上均存在差异,本文从不同的草地类型和时空尺度揭示植被生物量与环境因子间动态关系。结果显示,1)中国北方草原近30余年地上生物量总体呈下降趋势,水分条件较好的区域下降幅度较大,局部变化不显著,而近5年则呈持续增长趋势;2)时间序列上,年降水和年均温的交互作用对各区域草地地上生物量影响不显著;3)空间尺度上,温性草原年均温对地上生物量的影响较显著,高寒草原地上生物量的主要限制因子是降水。     

滇中高原区主要森林类型水源涵养功能系统分析与评价

应用系统论和水分平衡原理,将林分系统的水源涵养功能作为功能系统,通过典型相关分析,提出影响这一功能系统的主要因子和因子组合,进而论述了提高其系统功能的主要途径。综合分析评价了滇中高原区主要森林类型的水源涵养功能,为在本区建设高效益的水源涵养林体系,从建立科学的技术体系和经营管理体系上提出了建议。