胡桃楸秋季覆膜播种育苗技术研究

通过对胡桃楸进行秋季覆膜播种育苗试验研究,结果表明,胡桃楸秋季覆膜较无覆膜对照提高出苗率21.6%,苗高提高12.4%,地径提高15.1%,侧根长提高11.6%,主根长提高6.8%;覆膜较对照提前7d出苗,每667m2平均育苗株数达1.3万株。秋季覆膜提高了土壤的昼夜温差,保持土壤湿度,促进了胡桃楸种子的炸口率,提高了出苗率和生长量。     

天津绒毛白蜡的引种试验

通过在东港市对天津绒毛白蜡进行引种试验,结果表明,采用2年生苗造林,成活率达到95%,保存率85%以上,采用5生苗造林,成活率达到90%左右,保存率80%以上;绒毛白蜡抗逆性极强,在土壤含盐量0.2%~0.38%的立地条件下,都能正常生长,对长期积水的水湿地,不但能保持较高的成活率,也能保持良好的生长状态。与柳树、榆树相比,绒毛白蜡生长表现略优,是东港市引种比较成功的抗性强的理想树种。     

对节白蜡资源开发综合利用价值与展望

对节白蜡为我国第二批公布的珍稀濒危植物种，它仅分布于大洪山南麓，即湖北京山县与钟祥市的接壤地带，成为该地区特有的植被类型和建群种。该新种材质优良，前期生长快，萌芽力强，耐修剪，扦插繁殖容易，是用材林（特别是高级家具及农村小径用材）、薪炭材林、水源涵养林的优良造林树种，是高等盆景素材，亦是优美的园林绿化树种，还可供饲养白蜡虫。     

水曲柳种子园花粉飞散规律研究

[目的]研究影响水曲柳花粉成熟和飞散的关键因素,揭示花粉飞散规律,为水曲柳种子园的设计及升级改造提供依据.[方法]通过对苇河林业局青山林场水曲柳种子园进行初步研究,对水曲柳开花期间花粉在时间和空间分布,水平和垂直分布,及花粉的飞散规律进行观测研究.[结果]园内雄花于5月10日开始散粉,散粉期从5月10～15日,花粉浓度的时间和空间变化以及水平和垂直分布与环境因素有密切关系.花粉浓度的最大值（4 737粒）在9：00～ 15：00.[结论]影响花粉飞散的因素中,环境因子（风速、温度、相对湿度、风向）起主要作用.影响花粉量大小的因素中,温度占主导地位.     

磷肥对核桃楸苗木质量的影响

[目的]研究磷肥对核桃楸苗木质量的影响,为核桃楸优质壮苗的培育提供技术支撑.[方法]通过不同磷肥水平（0,10,20,30g/m）的试验,确定磷肥合理施用量.[结果]施用磷肥可明显地促进核桃楸苗木的高生长、地径生长、根系生长和生物量积累,各施肥水平间差异显著,以施肥量10 g/m处理的苗高较高、茎干粗壮、根系发达、生物量高,苗木质量最优.[结论]为培育大量优质壮苗,应合理施用磷肥.     

新疆伊犁河岸小叶白蜡复叶构件的表型可塑性1）

小叶白蜡为奇数羽状复叶,常由5～13片小叶组成。通过大样本取样测量,分析了不同小叶数复叶的表型可塑性及其各构件大小之间的关系。结果表明：小叶白蜡叶轴长和复叶长在不同复叶之间的可塑性较大,其差异大多数均达到了显著水平（ p＜0．05）,而在各复叶内的可塑性较小,其变异系数均小于10％;小叶长和小叶宽在不同复叶之间的可塑性较小,其差异大多数均不显著,而在各复叶内的可塑性较大,其变异系数均大于20％。复叶长与叶轴长、复叶长与复叶宽均为对数函数或指数函数的异速生长型,小叶长与小叶宽既有幂函数关系的异速生长型,又有直线关系的同速生长型,各构件在复叶生长过程中的相对生长快慢可通过各函数的性质反映。     

白蜡树与紫丁香属间高杆劈接试验

笔者在木犀科白蜡属与丁香属之间进行白蜡树与紫丁香的高杆劈接试验,平均嫁接成活率为88.8%,最高达96.4%,嫁接后经济效益明显提高。通过生长指标与接口径级的方差分析,表明这些指标是白蜡树高接紫丁香的关键因素;各生长指标的多重比较分析,表明苗高123.10 cm,地径3.75 cm,接口粗度2.43 cm以上的白蜡树是质量最佳的砧木,且当年紫丁香的分枝量可以增加到4.7条,达到市场对嫁接苗树形饱满度的要求;紫丁香的树冠分枝量与白蜡树的接口粗度和地径之间存在幂函数Yi=A+XBi的回归关系,其相关系数为0.911和0.925,相关性显著,可靠性高达0.999.旨在为白蜡和紫丁香的推广拓展了更大的分布空间。     

湖北京山对节白蜡自然保护区种子植物区系研究

通过对京山对节白蜡自然保护区进行野外调查及文献检索,分析其植物物种组成和区系地理成分.结果显示：保护区共有种子植物133科496属939种.区系组成中,在科的层次上,Compositae为保护区内含植物种类数最多的科;在属的层次上,Polygonum为含植物种数最多的属,种的层次上,Fraxinus hupehensis为保护区内绝对优势植物,分布范围极其广泛,从保护区的最低海拔到最高海拔均有分布,并多区域形成群落.初步探讨了该地区植物区系的性质：区系成分具有复杂性和多样性,拥有中国种子植物分布区类型科级水平的12个类型,属级水平的15个类型,各类热带成分共164属,占总属数的37.44％;各类温带分布类型（不包括中国特有分布）共264属,占总属数的60.27％,植物区系偏重于温带性质,具有亚热带向温带过渡的特点.保护区内特有性较突出,有中国特有分布有10属,特别是大洪山南麓区域特有种—Fraxinus hupehensis分布范围极其狭窄,仅分布于京山县和钟祥市接壤的大洪山余脉伸入部分形成的低山高丘类型地区.     

Sexual reproduction contributes little to regeneration of a clonal species Corylus mandshurica

To date, the evolutionary significance of mast seeding is still poorly understood. It is also not clear whether and how seed production and clonal growth interact and then influence the colonization and recruitment of plant species that seeds are dispersed by animals. We released seeds of Corylus mandshurica in seed-rich and seed-poor years (2008–2012), to test the effects of mast seeding and clonal growth on regeneration of this clonal shrub. Our study showed that seed caching of C. mandshurica was higher in seed-rich years than that in seed-poor years. However, mast seeding failed to result in seedling establishment of C. mandshurica. Despite a negative effect of mast seeding, vegetative reproduction was common in the seven consecutive years (2007–2013), suggesting that clonal reproduction plays an important role in population spreading of C. mandshurica. Seeds are unlikely to produce seedlings in both seed-rich and poor years, suggesting that sexual reproduction contributes little to the regeneration of C. mandshurica but may be responsible for initial establishment via episodic seed dispersal.     

Genetic variation in dieback resistance: growth and survival of Fraxinus excelsior under the influence of Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus

The invasive fungal pathogen, Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus V. Queloz, has decimated stands of Fraxinus excelsior L. over most of the species' natural distribution area. We assessed crown damage from 2009 to 2014 (at ages 8, 11 and 13) in 43 open-pollinated ash families planted in north-eastern Zealand, Denmark, and confirmed the presence of substantial genetic variation in ash dieback susceptibility. The average crown damage increased in the trial from 61% in 2009 to 66% in 2012 and 72% in 2014, while the estimated heritability was 0.42 in both 2009 and 2012 but increased to 0.53 in 2014. Genetic correlation between assessments was 0.88 between 2009 and 2012 and 0.91 between 2009 and 2014, suggesting fairly good possibilities for early selection of superior genotypes in the presence of high infection levels in the trial. The level of crown damage had strong negative effect on growth and survival. Only 34% of the trees with high levels of damage in 2009 were still alive in 2014, emphasising that high susceptibility is associated with low fitness.