人造板甲醛释放量的对比测试

分别采用穿孔萃取法和干燥器法测试了刨花板、高密度纤维板、浸渍胶膜纸饰面刨花板和浸渍纸层压木地板的甲醛释放量。在测试中发现,用穿孔萃取法和干燥器法测甲醛释放量,两者所测得数据之间存在着一定的换算关系。     

胶合板用改性脲醛树脂的调制与应用

分别就改性脲醛(UF)树脂的调胶pH值以及面粉加量对胶液胶合性能的影响进行讨论.结果表明,随着pH值降低,胶合强度和预压强度增大,固化时间和适用期缩短,甲醛释放量降低;面粉用量增大对胶液粘度影响显著,对胶合强度、甲醛释放量有不利影响,但可改善预压性能.综合考虑生产实际,以pH值4.5和面粉加量20%为宜.     

珠江三角洲陶瓷工业污染区植被受害证据与启示

以长期暴露在大气污染胁迫下的村边林为对象,进行植物群落结构调查、植物受害分析,探讨了陶瓷工业污染排放对植被的影响。调查样地位于广东南海区五星村边坡地的半自然次生林内,乔木层和灌木、草本幼苗层的调查分别在10个10m×10m和4个5m×5m的样方内进行。该森林群落以隆缘桉和尾叶桉数量占优势,其次是乡土树种鸭脚木、泥竹,重要值依次为26.75、17.08、16.27和11.50。隆缘桉和马尾松冠层枝叶完全枯死、脱落,受害程度达100%;其次是泥竹和南岭黄檀受害程度分别为85.1%和68.3%。尾叶桉、朴树、越南山龙眼、阴香、黄荆受害程度中等,在45%—57.5%之间;其它伴生本土种类如鸭脚木、珊瑚树、酒饼叶、等的重要值较低且表现出受害程度较严重。和上层乔木比较,林下植被受污染的伤害大大降低。桉树类树种因其速生、快速郁闭等特点被认为是华南荒山、退化丘陵地区植被恢复的重要种类,但在重度污染地区已面临严重威胁,而某些乡土树种在污染地区则显示出较强的抵御大气污染的能力。本文结果为污染地区森林资源管理,退化生态系统植被恢复之树种选择以及进一步开展乡土树种抵御大气污染胁迫的过程机制与功能特征的研究提供科学基础。     

黑龙江省1980-1999年森林火灾释放碳量的估算

根据黑龙江省1980—1999年的森林火灾统计数据和对黑龙江省各森林类型地上生物量的估算,计算出黑龙江省森林年平均森林火灾损失地上生物量391758·65~522344·95t,占全国的6·4%~8·4%。年均释放碳176291·39~235055·23t,约占全国年均森林火灾排放碳的8%。用排放比法得出黑龙江省年平均森林火灾释放的CO2、CO、CH4、NMHC量分别为581761·6~775682·25t、34892·275~46523·04t、14091·11~18788·15t和6500~9000t。     

Energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) balance of logging residues as alternative energy resources: system analysis based on the method of a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis

Using the method of a life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis, the energy balance and the carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission of logging residues from Japanese conventional forestry as alternative energy resources were analyzed over the entire life cycle of the residues. The fuel consumption for forestry machines was measured in field experiments for harvesting and transporting logging residues at forestry operating sites in Japan. In addition, a total audit of energy consumption was undertaken. It involved an assessment of materials, construction, and the repair and maintenance of forestry machines as well as the costs associated with an energy-conversion plant. As a result, the ratio of energy output to input was calculated to be 5.69, indicating that the system examined in this study could be feasible as an energy production system. The CO₂ emission per MWh_e (e: electricity) of the biomass-fired power generation plant was calculated to be 61.8kgCO₂/MWh_e, while that of coal-fired power generation plants in Japan is 960kgCO₂/MWh_e. Therefore, the reduction in the amount of CO₂ emission that would result from replacing coal with biomass for power generation by as much as 3.0 million dry-t/year of logging residues in Japan was estimated to be 1.66 million tCO₂/year, corresponding to 0.142% of the national CO₂ emission. This study provides evidence that Japan could reduce its domestic CO₂ emission by using logging residues as alternative energy resources.     

High-resolution fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a pituitary microtumor in a dog

A 16-year-old, castrated, male English cocker spaniel dog was presented due to generalized alopecia. Routine clinical pathology, endocrine and abdominal ultrasonography results were consistent with a diagnosis of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The adenohypophyseal lesion was clearly visualized on both 3 T and 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland. Although biochemical and MRI findings were consistent with a functional pituitary microtumor, a pituitary lesion was not detected using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). This report firstly describes the application of high-resolution FDG-PET to a spontaneous pituitary microtumor in a dog.     

Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from swine wastewater treatment in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers

Mitigation of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emission from swine wastewater treatment was demonstrated in an aerobic bioreactor packed with carbon fibers (CF reactor). The CF reactor had a demonstrated advantage in mitigating N₂O emission and avoiding NOx (NO₃ + NO₂) accumulation. The N₂O emission factor was 0.0003 g N₂O‐N/gTN‐load in the CF bioreactor compared to 0.03 gN₂O‐N/gTN‐load in an activated sludge reactor (AS reactor). N₂O and CH₄ emissions from the CF reactor were 42 g‐CO₂ eq/m³/day, while those from the AS reactor were 725 g‐CO₂ eq/m³/day. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the CF reactor removed an average of 156 mg/L of the NH₄‐N, and accumulated an average of 14 mg/L of the NO₃‐N. In contrast, the DIN in the AS reactor removed an average 144 mg/L of the NH₄‐N and accumulated an average 183 mg/L of the NO₃‐N. NO₂‐N was almost undetectable in both reactors.     

EMDI-UF混合胶刨花板制造工艺条件的研究

介绍了东北林业大学人造板研究所在降低人造板游离甲醛释放量的研究成果,利用可乳化异氰酸酯(EMDI)与脲醛树脂(UF)混合胶制造刨花板,使产品达到E1级标准要求。研究结果表明:混合胶的施胶量为7％,采用6％的UF和1％的EMDI是比较适合的比例。将它们混合到一起,不加酸性固化剂,搅拌均匀后喷洒到刨花上,比较适宜的板坯含水率不应超过14％,在175℃下热压4.5min,所粘结的刨花板各项性能都符合GB4897—92—等品和E1级板标准的要求。与UF胶刨花板相比,混合胶刨花板的耐水性得到明显改善,甲醛释放量可降低到7.88mg/100g板。     

钢铁企业焦化工序节能减排途径探讨

从焦化技术改进、资源综合利用、余热回收利用三方面探讨了钢铁企业焦化工序节能减排途径。分析了捣固炼焦、干熄焦等技术,为钢铁企业实施节能减排提供参考。     

竹木复合砧板基材对其硬度和甲醛释放量的影响

为探究竹木复合砧板基材对其硬度和甲醛释放量的影响,分别选择基材为木材、竹材和人造板的3类竹木复合砧板,测定并分析其硬度与甲醛释放量。结果表明：基材为木材和竹材的竹木复合砧板硬度大于基材为人造板的竹木复合砧板硬度;基材为人造板的竹木复合砧板甲醛释放量大于基材为竹材和木材的竹木复合砧板甲醛释放量。研究结果可为生活中选择竹木复合砧板提供参考。