The Effects of Verapamil Hydrochloride on Electrocardiographic (ECG) Parameters of Domestic Donkey (Equus asinus)

Verapamil hydrochloride, a calcium channel blocker, has been used in domestic animals. Its effects on electrical activities of the heart of donkeys were studied in this preliminary research work. This experiment was carried out on 10 healthy donkeys ranging in age from 4 to 7 years and mean body weight of 155 ± 18.6 kg. The electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded on a base apex lead before (for 3 days), during, and after verapamil injection (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes). Verapamil hydrochloride (0.3 mg/kg body weight) was given via catheterizaion as an intravenous bolus over 2 minutes. Heart rate, rhythm, ECG morphology, amplitude, durations, and intervals were measured and taken into consideration and values were compared. Results showed that heart rate was significantly increased at the time of injection from 55 ± 10.7 before injection to 77.61 ± 12.6 beats per minute after injection (P < .05). Duration of P and T waves; P-R interval, and also P-R segment were increased (P < .05). However, duration of QRS complex, P-P and R-R intervals, and S-T segment were significantly decreased after verapamil injection (P < .05). Sinus arrest (2 cases), bradycardia (1 case), and wandering pacemaker (1 case) were recorded before treatment and verapamil injection did not affect these arrhythmias, except in one case in which sinus arrest disappeared. However, after injection of verapamil, four types of arrhythmias (wandering pacemaker [WPM], sinus tachycardia, 1^st degree AVB, and 2^nd degree AVB) were recognized. These arrhythmias (with the exception of tachycardia) can be related to the increase of vagal tone activity that might be attributed to the negative effect of verapamil on SA and atrioventricular block [AV] nodes.     

6511型心电图机滤波功能对不同频率心电信号的影响

在日本光电ECG-6511型心电图机上以不同频率的脉冲为模拟信号,按未漏波(OFF)、肌电漏波(EMG)、交流电漏波(HUM)和肌电漏波+交流电漏波(EMG+HUM)4种滤波状态绘制幅频线.结果显示,在OFF状态下电压无衰减,使用EMG、HUM、(EMG+HUM)时电压幅度随信号频率变化而变化,心脏病变(特别是心肌疾病)时,滤波可能会造成部分极具临床诊断价值的心电信号的衰减与失真,从而造成漏诊,临床心电图工作者要尽量不使用滤波功能,而需通过采用一些切实可行的干预措施来减少或消除机外干扰对心电信号的影响.     

青少年高频心电图与心肌酶相关性100例临床分析

目的通过对患病青少年高频心电图阳性与其心肌酶改变的相关性研究,揭示两者之间的关系.方法采用北京美高仪公司生产的心电工作站心电综合分析系统,对100例患者进行检查分析.结果高频心电图在心电图QRS波的上升肢和下降肢表现为能破坏QRS波光整度,其频率在100 Hz以上的曲折线表现为切迹,当心肌损伤时,高频切迹增加.结论高频心电图能判断心肌损害的程度,高频心电图阳性与心肌酶的改变成正相关,故可以指导临床医生对心脏功能的评价.     

Anaesthetic properties of Propiscin (Etomidaat) and 2-phenoxyethanol in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), neural and behavioural measures

The objective of the study was to evaluate the anaesthetic effects of Propiscin (2% etomidate) and 2-phenoxyethanol on common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) by observing neural and behavioural measures. When exposed to the anaesthetic agent, the carp lost equilibrium after approximately 90 s of exposure. They did not breathe and the controls did not respond to tail pinch or prick or 6 V at the skin of the upper jaw. A shift to lower frequencies on the electroencephalogram (EEG) and computing fast Fourier transformation was observed when exposed to water containing Propiscin or 2-phenoxyethanol. Heart rate was reduced after placement in the water containing an anaesthetic agent. It may be concluded from our results that common carp were immobilized and sedated, when exposed to water containing 2 mL L⁻¹ Propiscin and immobilized and anaesthetized in water containing 0.5 mL L⁻¹ 2-phenoxyethanol. In addition, the use of EEG provides for a sound assessment of exposure of carp to these anaesthetics.     

氯仿对蟾蜍心电图的影响

观察氯仿对在体蟾蜍心电图的影响。用数字式心电图机记录蟾蜍用氯仿熏前、熏后即刻和恢复正常呼吸后的心电图的变化。结果表明,用氯仿熏后即刻或恢复正常呼吸后蟾蜍心电图与用氯仿前相比,心率减慢,QRS波群增宽,QT间期延长,T波明显,部分心电图出现大U波。氯仿不能导致蟾蜍发生室颤。     

Effects of VOCs from leaves of Acer truncatum Bunge and Cedrus deodara on human physiology and psychology

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of volatile compounds emitted by Acer truncatum Bunge and Cedrus deodara on human physiology and psychology. Volatile compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. Physiological indicators were measured using a multi-channel recording system and a subjective evaluation was conducted using a semantic differential (SD) questionnaire. GC–MS results indicated that the main volatile compounds of A. truncatum Bunge included 3-hexen-1-ol acetate, 3-hexen-1-ol, acetic acid hexyl ester, and the main volatile compounds from C. deodara included β-myrcene, D-limonene, pinene and β-caryophyllene. Physiological results indicated that blood oxygen saturation (BOS) increased 0.42%, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) all reduced, heart rate reduced 5.03%, and the interval of R wave and R wave (RR interval) shortened 5.07% after sniffing volatile compounds from C. deodara. These indicators were not significantly different from controls after sniffing volatile compounds from Acer truncatum. Nearly 50% of respondents reported liking the smell of A. truncatum Bunge and C. deodara, and associated the smell with a natural feeling. Subjects also reported that the smell of C. deodara (relaxing 0.96) made them more relaxed than A. truncatum Bunge (relaxing 0.34).     

基于神经网络的心电分类器设计

设计了一种基于神经网络的心电分类器,该设计利用前向多层神经网络的反向传播算法,即BP算法,采用Matlab软件建立了用于心电信号分类的BP神经网络,并利用大量的心电图数据训练神经网络,使神经网络能分辨出正常和异常的心电信号。