7种番荔枝果树的叶片结构及其与抗寒性关系研究

应用叶片离析法和石蜡制片技术,对番荔枝科番荔枝属6种果树和比丽巴属1种果树的叶表皮特征和叶结构特征进行了研究。结果表明,番荔枝属的刺果番荔枝、山刺番荔枝和圆滑番荔枝表皮细胞垂周壁呈波浪状,表皮毛短或无;叶片厚度大,叶脉突起度(叶脉厚度/叶片厚度)小。杂交种番荔枝、非洲骄傲番荔枝(品种)、牛心番荔枝、秘鲁番荔枝以及比丽巴属的比丽巴番荔枝表皮细胞垂周壁呈直或弧状,表皮毛长;叶片厚度小,叶脉突起度大。还讨论了番荔枝果树叶片解剖特征与果树抗寒性的关系,认为表皮毛长、叶脉突起度大是抗寒性强的性状,反之则是抗寒性弱的表现。     

COMPARISON OF SPIN ECHO, GRADIENT ECHO AND FAT SATURATION MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING SEQUENCES FOR IMAGING THE CANINE ELBOW

Two comparison studies were performed. In the first conventional spin-echo (T1- and T2-weighted) sequences and a three-dimensional (3-D Fourier transform [3DFT]) echo gradient fast-imaging sequence were compared for imaging the canine normal elbow joint. In all three sequences, there was an isointense signal of the articular cartilage and a hyposignal of the subchondral bone, as compared with the muscles. The medial coronoid process of the ulna was clearly seen on the dorsal plane images, it appeared with a homogenous low-intensity signal. Its articulation with the radius was clearly outlined. In a second study, the 3DFT echo gradient fast-imaging sequence was compared to a fat saturation sequence on normal shoulder and elbow joints. Elbows were imaged with and without injection of saline, in an attmept to show the opposing cartilaginous articular surfaces. This distinction was possible in the shoulder joint but not in the elbow because of insufficient spatial resolution. On the three MRI sequences compared, gradient echo fast imaging with steady-state precession (GE FISP) sequence was found to be the most suitable for imaging the canine elbow joint.     

THE VISIBLE ANIMAL PROJECT: A THREE-DIMENSIONAL, DIGITAL DATABASE FOR HIGH QUALITY THREE-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTIONS

The "Visible Animal Project" (VAP) is comprised of axial anatomic cryosections and corresponding CT and MR images of a mature dog. The digital database is used for the creation of three-dimensional computer graphics of canine anatomy. The technique of cryodissection is described in detail. The combining of the corresponding CT and MR images, and cryosections as well as the data processing for the creation of three-dimensional reconstructions is presented and examples are shown. For the first time a complete high-resolution three-dimensional database of a dog is available, which can be used as the base for further high quality three-dimensional reconstructions, similar to the "Visible Human Project" (VHP).     

范氏黄蚜小蜂研究

范氏黄蚜小蜂Aphytis vandenboschi是松突圆蚧Hemiberlesia pitysophila重要的寄生蜂。其发育历期在23—26℃变温下平均为19.3±1.4天;在27、28和30℃恒温下分别为17.0—19.0天、14.0—18.0天和14.0—16.0天。成蜂全天可羽化,羽化高峰出现在14—18时。成蜂雌雄比平均为11:1。以两性生殖为主,也能行孤雌生殖。雌蜂一生产卵量平均为30粒;产卵期约10天。经常更换寄主,促使寿命缩短,从而减少总产卵量。光照存在与否对产卵寄生无明显影响。雌蜂基本上仅选择雌性蚧虫产卵,尤其对发育日龄为30—36天,即孕卵后期至产卵初期的寄主寄生率为最高。雄蜂寿命约为2天,雌蜂为3—15天;有补充营养和寄主存在时其寿命最长。林间散放后有一定的效果。     

特色农业发展模式综述

从产业化、区域化和生产要素3个方面探讨了特色农业发展模式,以期为各地选择与其资源禀赋和自身特色相适应的特色农业发展模式提供理论依据。     

纳米比亚沙漠植物Acanthosicyos horridus种子解剖研究

纳米比亚野生甜瓜（Ａｃａｎｔｈｏｓｉｃｙｏｓ ｈｏｒｒｉｄｕｓ）是雌雄异株多年生深根吸水性植物，主要分布在纳米比亚大沙漠。纳米比亚甜瓜的果实和种子可食用，包括植株体在内为该地区人类和动物的水分，碳水化合物及养分的重要来源。本文对该植物结构进行了解剖研究，结果显示，种皮坚硬由五层组成，即表皮，皮下组织，厚壁组织，通过气组织层内层；珠心是由珠被包裹并紧贴在胚上的单层切向伸长的薄壁细胞组成；胚为双子叶，     

小灵猫肺段支气管及支气管肺段的解剖学研究

应用铸型方法研究了小灵猫的肺段支气管及支气管肺段 .结果表明小灵猫的气管在肺门附近分为左、右主支气管 ,而无气管支气管分出 .其中左肺主支气管分出 9个肺段支气管 ,右肺主支气管分出1 2个肺段支气管 .因此 ,左肺有 9个支气管肺段 ,右肺有 1 2个支气管肺段 .此外 ,还对小灵猫肺的基本形态和位置做了描述 .     

哲罗鱼与2种有胃鱼消化系统比较解剖的观察

对3种淡水有胃鱼的消化系统进行了比较解剖观察。描述了与摄食有关的齿、咽喉齿、舌和鳃耙的形态学特征；测量了体长、头长、吻长、口裂宽、口腔长。对几种鱼胃的形态、幽门盲囊、肝、胰脏、胆囊进行了描述；测量了食道长、胃长、胃直径、肠长、消化道长和腹腔长；并计算了有关比值。探讨了摄食习性与消化系统形态结构特点之间的关系。     

福建省花卉业的现状、问题与发展对策

福建是花卉发展比较早的省份之一。近年来随着改革开放的不断深入，花卉业也取得了很大的成绩。从１９９０～１９９７年，花卉栽培面积从４０００ｈｍ２增加到５５３６３ｈｍ２，年均递增４７％；花卉产值由１亿元增至４５８５５亿元，年均递增２４％。观赏花卉产值比重由２３％上升到７３８３％，现代花卉由２１７％上升到６０９６％。但在发展的同时也存在许多问题和不足，针对这些问题，提出了一些发展对策，并对发展前景作了展望。     

Influence of the pore structure of wood on moisture desorption at high relative humidities

The influence of the porous structure on moisture desorption of two temperate and five tropical hardwoods was studied. Two experimental techniques were used to perform moisture desorption tests from full saturation at 25°C. The first one was the saturated salt solutions [between 33% and 90% relative humidity (RH)] and the second one was the pressure membrane method (above 96% RH). More emphasis was given to results obtained at high RH, given that sorption in that case is mainly governed by the capillary forces. The porous structure of these hardwoods was characterized by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and by quantitative anatomical analysis. The results showed that desorption of liquid water was very different among the hardwood species. The MIP technique appeared as an important tool to evaluate the fluid paths within wood, which permitted the prediction of water behavior in wood during drainage from full saturation at high RH. Quantitative anatomical results were very useful for explaining the first steps of drainage and mercury penetration in wood.