A summary of the study on the homeobox gene Pem

Pem gene is one of the homeobox gene. Unlike members of Hox gene family, Pem gene is unique located at the proximal end of the X chromosome and its expression has been detected in several immortalized and transformed cells, placenta, embryos and reproductive tissues. Numeral studies showed that its expression is controlled by hormone such as androgen. This review discussed the possible role of Pem in regulating genes involved in the differentiation and development of extraembryonic tissue, spermatogenesis and sperm maturation.     

Effect of IAA and GA3 on the Anatomical Characteristics, Straw and Fiber Yield and Quality of Flax

IAA and GA₃ had increased the stem thickness by increasing that of cortex, phloem fibers and xylem. Each had increased straw and fiber yield/plant, but the effect was more pronounced with GA₃ than IAA. The percentage of long fibers, strength and fineness increased significantly with GA₃. The latter two properties decreased with IAA.     

山羊卵母细胞冷冻保存及其对发育效果的影响

在程序冷冻条件下,冷冻保护剂种类对山羊卵母细胞发育效果有显著影响。对于山羊GV期卵母细胞,解冻后的形态正常率,PROH(83 1%)和DMSO(81 7%)均高于甘油(70 7%)(P<0 05);而体外成熟率则是PROH(20 3%)高于DMSO(14 2%)和甘油(9 8%),DMSO又高于甘油(P<0 05)。对于山羊IVM卵母细胞,解冻后的形态正常率,PROH(84 5%)和DMSO(86 4%)均高于甘油(74 2%)(P<0 05);而受精率则是PROH(23 2%)高于DMSO(17 5%)和甘油(13 1%),DMSO又高于甘油(P<0 05)。冷冻方法和卵母细胞发育阶段对冷冻效果有显著影响。从冷冻方法看,程序冷冻和OPS玻璃化冷冻,GV期卵母细胞的成熟率分别为19 7%、27 6%,受精率为3 3%、8 6%;培养9h卵母细胞的成熟率分别为20 6%、30 9%,受精率为4 4%、10 3%;IVM卵母细胞的受精率分别为20 9%、29 4%,2 细胞率为4 4%、8 8%,均是OPS玻璃化高于程序冷冻,差异显著(P<0 05);从卵母细胞发育阶段看,不论是程序冷冻还是OPS玻璃化冷冻,GV期和培养9h卵母细胞的成熟率、受精率差异均不显著(P>0 05),但受精率均显著低于IVM卵母细胞(P<0 05)。     

鸡的肠神经(N.intestinalis)解剖

作为禽类特有的肠神经,始于泄殖腔背侧,沿直肠、回肠和空肠延伸至十二指肠升袢末端、胰管和胆囊管开口处。直肠段最粗,为中枢端,神经节明显而大,回肠段最细,神经节不明显,空肠段最长,为末梢端,沿途有多个神经节,并有分支至肠管和泌尿生殖器官。该条神经为荐部副交感神经的延续,全程没见交感神经和迷走神经纤维。部分个体在末端有与前肠系膜神经分支的吻合支。     

浅谈我国植物园的现状及发展对策

随着城市化的快速发展,生态环境的日益恶化,植物园除能作为学术研究之外,对生态科学和城市环境的保护有着重大意义。人们还可借助其完善的解说系统学习植物知识,揭开自然界中千姿百态的植物奥秘。植物的特征、性质的研究为人们带来更舒适的生存环境,营造更具美感的生活空间。本文从植物园的定义、性质和功能,并对我国植物园的现状和发展趋势作了详尽的论述。以此,为合理开发利用植物园提供一定的理论参考。     

ANATOMY OF THE PORTAL AND HEPATIC VEINS OF THE DOG: A BASIS FOR SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF THE LIVER BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY

The objective of this study was to define, in detail, the anatomy of the portal and hepatic veins in the dog in order to establish a procedure for the systematic evaluation of the liver by ultrasonography. Anatomical details were obtained from the formalin fixed livers of ten dogs. The hepatic and portal veins were removed intact from these livers so that a detailed pattern of distribution could be established and the numbers of branches could be counted. Silastic casts were also made of the hepatic and portal veins of two livers, one in situ and one in which it had been removed. The former was to enable the relationship of the portal to the hepatic veins to be established as closely as possible within the animal and the other to provide a model of the distribution of each venous system within the liver. Contrast medium was infused into two other livers and radiographs taken to establish the relationship of each branch to each lobe. It was found that there was a consistent pattern of venous branching to each lobe of the liver in the dog with little variation between individual specimens. All liver lobes contained definite venous branches so that the left lateral and medial, quadrate, right medial and lateral, caudate and papillary veins could be distinguished in each venous system. We believe that an appreciation of this venous distribution will aid in the systematic evaluation of the liver during ultrasonography by enabling identification of each liver lobe. It should be of value for differentiating portal from hepatic veins and veins from dilated bile ducts.     

The growth of roots of perennial, Italian, hybrid and annual ryegrasses through a high-strength root medium

Abstract A test for root penetration through a wax disc of known hardness was developed and used with twenty‐five cultivars and twenty‐one breeding lines of perennial, Italian, hybrid and annual ryegrasses. After 42 days, the number of roots reaching the wax disc and the number penetrating the disc were counted. Root diameters were measured using image analysis. The proportion of root penetrations ranged from 0·06 to 0·39 across the cultivars and breeding lines, with substantial variation between replicates and cultivars. Diploid perennial cultivars had the thinnest roots, and there were no consistent differences in root diameter between perennial breeding lines, hybrid ryegrasses and Italian ryegrasses. Roots that penetrated the wax disc increased in diameter, by 0·60 on average, a few millimetres above the wax, and through the wax disc. Diameters below the wax disc were the same as those above the zone of impeded root growth. The increase was caused by an increase in size of the parenchyma cells of the root cortex. An experiment with partially and completely impeded root growth showed that impedance did not change root diameter of new roots, or the distribution of root mass between impeded and unimpeded halves of a root system for plants up to 10 weeks old.     

两系稻在江西不同地区的生育特性及其育性转换初探

本研究通过不同地区的分期播种试验,观察了W6154S、5460S的生育特性和育性转换特性,指出了两个核雄性不育系的播种至始穗历期随纬度和海拔升高而增加,随栽培季节温度的升高而缩短。温度是诱导两个核雄性不育系育性转换的主导因素。同时提出了其制种与繁殖的适宜季节。     

CANINE BRAIN ANATOMY ON MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the canine brain were acquired during investigation of dogs with neurologic disease. A paramagnetic contrast medium was used for enhancement. MR provided images with excellent contrast between grey and white matter, as well as brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid. Good resolution and anatomic detail of the canine brain were obtained. A series of images was compiled and labelled as a reference for MR anatomy of the canine brain.     

A technique for the description of projections of internal organs onto the exposed surface of animals.

The need for exact knowledge of the projections of internal organs onto the surface of animals is emphasized, for clinical veterinary medicine as well as for hunting purposes. A method is described for outlining the projections of dissected anatomical structures onto the exposed surface, on a photograph of the undisturbed animal in a natural standing position.