不同冬小麦品种的离体叶片失水速率差异及对供水的反应

较低的离体叶片失水速率(RWL)与抗旱性有关已经得到很多研究者的认同.选取8个冬小麦品种为试材,设置干旱(0水)、节水(2水)和足水(4水)的水分条件,研究不同冬小麦品种对供水条件的反应和生育时期的RWL变化特征.结果表明:不同品种间的RWL差异不显著.RWL随着灌水次数的增加而增高.0水处理的衡7228 RWL最低,冀5579和石麦16也较低.2水处理的石麦16最低,石麦14和冀5579也较低.4水处理下,石新618 的RWL最低,石麦14和衡7228较低,综合3种灌水结果,石麦16、冀5579和石麦14抗旱节水性较好.RWL随着生育进程而变化,拔节期较低,逐渐增加,至抽穗期达到峰值,此后明显下降,直至成熟.前期控水对降低小麦离体叶片失水速率,提高抗旱节水性有利.     

对循环经济模式的思考

循环经济是一种资源闭环利用型经济。发展循环经济是缓解资源约事矛盾的根本出路，是从根本上减轻环境污染的有效途径，是提高经济效益的重要措施，是应对新贸易保护主义的迫切需要，是以人为本，实现可持续发展的本质要求。     

江西苎麻产业化发展的若干思考

分析了江西苎麻业的发展现状和机遇,以及发展苎麻生产的优势,指出了江西苎麻业所面临的各种挑战,并提出了相关发展对策。     

A minute P application contributes to a better establishment of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) seedling in P deficient soils

Many soils of the semi-arid tropics are deficient in P, and under such adverse conditions, the establishment of pearl millet seedlings is a critical step to achieve satisfactory crop stands. Phosphorus fertilizer is expensive for small holder farmers and is only applied at low rates, insufficient to give satisfactory crop stands. Methods are needed to enhance productivity at low rates of application. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a minute application of P at early seedling stage, equivalent to 125–500 g P/ha, would enhance the plant establishment under P-limiting conditions. We measured the minimum application of P needed to elicit a response of different genotypes. Pot experiments were conducted with pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) hybrids to measure the response to P placed close to the root system, 5 days after sowing (DAS), compared with a non-limiting P control (DAP). The placement treatments were 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mg soluble P per seedling, applied as KH₂PO₄ solution. The localized placement of P increased biomass in all three soils tested. In one soil, plant biomass at 1000 μL (1 mg P) reached about 50% of the non limited control. If applied later than 19 DAS the placement had no effect on the plant biomass. Hybrid ICMP 451-P8 was more responsive than hybrid 81B-P6. Placement to 20 inbred lines of pearl millet increased biomass by an average of 105% compared with no placement with large genotypic variation. Although this work was not intended to be a way of applying P fertilizer to pearl millet under field conditions, it showed that applying minute amount of P to pearl millet seedling (equivalent to 125–500 g P/ha) enhanced their establishment and led to improved growth for at least 5–6 weeks after sowing. Further work is in progress to develop a feasible technology for field crops based on the results of this study.     

Effect of Temperature and Photoperiod on the Development of Lupinus albus L. in a Controlled Environment

An experiment to determine the effect of temperature and photoperiod on Lupinus albus under controlled environmental conditions was carried out, using the three Lupinus albus genotypes 'Tifwhite', 'Esta' and 'Kiev', and three temperature (10/20, 18/28 and 20 °C continuously) and two photoperiod (8 and 16 h daylength) regimes, in all combinations. Half of the seeds were vernalized for 21 days at 4 °C to alleviate the obligate vernalization requirement of Tifwhite. Although Esta and Kiev do not have obligate vernalization requirements, they were influenced by this vernalization period. Observations included the duration of the period from planting to seedling emergence, the duration of the period from planting to the beginning of flowering and the duration of flowering. The vernalization treatment accelerated plant development in all genotypes. The period from planting to emergence was shorter under the higher temperature regime. For all genotypes, the period from planting to flowering was shorter under the longer photoperiod, the same trend as would be expected for long-day plants. Duration of flowering periods were, in contrast to pre-flowering periods, shorter for all genotypes at cooler temperatures. The results of this study confirm that photoperiod does contribute to the growth period from planting to flowering in L. albus and that this species does behave as a long-day plant.     

三大区域村庄类型分布的刻画：历史移民解读

中国农村存在巨大的区域差异,从社会结构上看,可以分为华南宗族团结型地区、中部原子化分散型地区和华北小亲族分裂型地区三大区域.通过数据挖掘和分析,发现我国出生性别比的分布极具规律性,显示出区域上的差异.结合中国南方方言形成及南方宗族型文化发育的共同历史移民根源,笔者将南方方言分布图与出生性别比地图及三大区域划分进行比较研究,具体分析了三者间高度关联性的共同历史移民根源.     

旅游开发对祁门牯牛降自然保护区水质的影响

2006年9月至2007年6月对祁门牯牛降景区牯牛湖的浮游植物进行了调查，经鉴定共有浮游植物99属种，隶属于5门61属。采用“污染指示种”对牯牛湖的水质污染状况进行了评价，结果表明：旅游开发对祁门牯牛降自然保护区牯牛湖的水质影响微小。     

鸡东县水稻产业带推进情况概述

鸡东县土质肥沃,水资源丰富,适于水稻种植。近几年,随着新品种的推广应用,水稻产量逐年上升,为了使水稻生产立足本地资源优势,面对目前在水稻良种繁育、体系建设、技术应用、农业科普教育等方面存在的制约当地水稻发展的各种因素,提出应依靠科技进步,把发展产业带与增加农民收入相结合,采取节本增效、实施高产栽培、重点引进扶植龙头企业等措施,以推动水稻产业化进程。     

张家界市旅游可持续发展的障碍因子及对策研究

分析了张家界旅游深化发展的障碍因子，探讨了该市旅游业深化发展的对策。     

云阳县发展现代农业的实践与探索

地处长江三峡库区腹心地带的云阳，是一个农业大县。如何把云阳打造成农业强县．实现云阳农业跨越式发展和可持续发展，是云阳县农村工作办公室重点思考的问题。在分析云阳自然条件特点、农业生产有利条件和制约因素的基础上．围绕着云阳农业发展的战略目标，提出了发展现代农业的指导思想、发展目标及具体保障措施。