我国滑翔伞运动损伤状况及其影响因素的流行病学调查*

采用问卷调查、数理统计、文献资料等方法对我国滑翔伞运动损伤的情况及原因进分析。结果表明,由于滑翔伞运动本身的特点及此项运动在我国开展逐年广泛,损伤率较高,达到75%。其影响因素主要有参与者技术不够娴熟、场地因素和天气因素三方面。并根据调查结果提出预防措施。     

Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

中医治疗牛口疮

口疮又称烂口、口炎,以口腔粘膜出现溃烂、红肿及口内流涎为特征。多发生于夏秋季节。现代兽医学中的口膜炎属此范畴。1病因病理气候炎热,劳役过重,饲喂热料,热邪郁遏于脾。脾开口于舌,脾热则生痰,痰热互结循经上炎于口;又脾胃为表里,胃热蒸于口而发疮;诸经实热皆应于心,心火上炎则口舌生疮。此外,脾又为后天之本,脾气虚,气血化生无源,口失濡养,或肾虚不能制阳,则虚火上炎亦可成疮。机械性损伤,如草料的芒剌、尖锐硬物以及疫毒感染等,也是引起本病的重要原因。     

一例硫酸亚铁中毒犬的诊疗与体会

<正>随着宠物饲养水平的提高,部分饲主在动物出现疾患时能解决一部分疾患,而一部分饲主盲目给药,使得动物出现中毒者较为常见。动物铁中毒比较少见,常发生于畜主过量喂食或动物误食,当摄入高剂量铁时,由于铁有沉淀蛋白质的作用,常可引起食欲降低、腹痛、腹泻等消化道症状。过多的铁离子及铁复合物沉积在各种细胞器内或胞浆中,可引起细胞的生化过程紊乱。笔者     

英国将采取科学的猪福利评估标准

<正>跛足、尾部损伤、身体损伤、护理栏和环境丰容,在BPEX和布里斯托大学联合进行的一项试点试验把这些指标确定为评估肥育猪动物福利的适宜指标。对于母猪则评估体况评分、肩部和外阴损伤等指标。     

奶牛腱鞘炎的病因、症状与治疗

奶牛时常发生腱鞘炎,屈腱的腱鞘炎比伸腱的多发,腕部、指部的腱鞘发病率较高,趾部腱鞘有时发病。腱炎和腱鞘炎常互为因果,相互影响而发病。1病因机械性损伤,如卧床坎墙的挫伤、碰撞。腱的过度牵张,保定不当或在不平、泥泞的道路上运步等,引起发病。本病由脓毒症、传染病（布鲁氏菌病、结核病）并发,周围组织炎症（蜂窝织炎、脓肿、化脓性黏液囊炎、化脓性关节炎）蔓延所致。侵袭性腱鞘炎常见于蟠尾丝虫病等。     

拖拉机连杆常见损伤的检测

连杆是拖拉机曲柄连杆机构的重要组件。连杆损伤后直接影响发动机工作性能,使发动机压缩压力减小,功率下降。本文对连杆的主要损伤:弯曲、扭曲变形、大小端孔磨损、大端孔结合面和连杆螺栓孔面的损伤的检测方法进行了叙述,以提高发动机的修复质量。     

草甘膦对铜绿微囊藻生长及抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽抗氧化防御系统的影响

草甘膦是全球用量最大的除草剂之一,但它的大量使用仍然带来了一定的环境风险。该文主要探讨了低浓度(2 mg/L)和高浓度(10 mg/L)草甘膦对铜绿微囊藻的毒性效应,并且深入微囊藻的抗坏血酸与谷胱甘肽抗氧化系统,深入研究了草甘膦对DHAR和GR酶的活性的影响,并分析了草甘膦存在时微囊藻细胞中的还原型As A与GSH的含量变化。结果表明:与10 mg/L草甘膦导致的微囊藻的生物量减少,氧化损伤加重不同,2 mg/L草甘膦会刺激微囊藻的生长和蛋白合成。这可能是由于2 mg/L草甘膦会刺激微囊藻体内的DHAR和GR酶的活性,从而再生更多的还原型AsA与GSH,从而减轻了草甘膦诱导的微囊藻的氧化损伤。