一种果实拍振复合采收技术装置设计与试验

首先提出一种利用曲柄摇杆和曲柄滑块机构相结合的拍振方法,可解决干果、浆果的高效低损收获问题。为获取最佳拍振作业参数,将拍振机构两组曲柄设定同频率动力输入和急回特性,以摇杆最大转角30°和滑块最大行程8 cm为约束条件,构建拍振轨迹和速度模型。设定曲柄输入转速180 r/min,分别对拍打、摇杆振动和拍振复合运动的最大输出速度进行仿真。试验表明,拍振复合采摘蓝莓的效果明显优于其他两种采收方式,最佳脱果输入转速在120～160 r/min之间,卡爪末端最大输出速度为168～294 cm/s,操作时间为4 s,脱果率大于80%,采用拍振法采收蓝莓、红枣等特经果类作物效果显著,对研究干果、浆果等的高效低耗采收具有一定的指导意义。     

南瓜和冬瓜的储藏技术

<正>1贮藏方式1.1室内贮藏:是选择阴凉、通风、干燥的房间,把选好的瓜直接堆放在房间里。贮前用高锰酸钾或福尔马林进行消毒处理,然后在堆放的地面上铺一层麦秸,再在上面摆放瓜果。瓜果摆放时一般要求和田间生长时的状态相同,原来是卧地生长的要平放,原来是搭棚直立生长的要瓜蒂向上直立放。冬瓜可采用两个一叠"品字"形堆放,这样压力小、通风好、瓜垛稳固。直立生长的瓜柄     

我国滑翔伞运动损伤状况及其影响因素的流行病学调查*

采用问卷调查、数理统计、文献资料等方法对我国滑翔伞运动损伤的情况及原因进分析。结果表明,由于滑翔伞运动本身的特点及此项运动在我国开展逐年广泛,损伤率较高,达到75%。其影响因素主要有参与者技术不够娴熟、场地因素和天气因素三方面。并根据调查结果提出预防措施。     

Study on Liver-protective Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound Probiotics on Acute Liver Injury Layers

This experiment was conducted to investigate the liver-protective effect of Chinese herbal compound probiotics (CHCP) on acute liver injury layers.One hundred and eight 1 day old hens were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 9 layers per replicate in trial 1.The layers in model groups Ⅰ to Ⅲ were gavaged with 10% (V/V) soybean oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (SCCl₄) according to 1,2 and 4 mL/(kg·BW) at 14,28 and 35 d,respectively.The layers in control group were gavaged with 2 mL/(kg·BW) soybean oil.In trial 2,sixty 1 d layers were divided into 5 groups:Control group (soybean oil),model control group(SCCl₄)and low-dose,middle-dose and high-dose CHCP group (SCCl₄+1‰ CHCP,SCCl₄+2‰ CHCP and SCCl₄+4‰ CHCP respectively).CHCP were used by drinking water since 7 days.SCCl₄ were gavaged according to 2 mL/(kg·BW) at 14 and 28 d.The results showed as follows:The model of layers liver damage could be built by intragastric administration of 2 mL/(kg·BW) 10%(V/V) SCCl₄ at 14,28 d respectively,with the signs of hepatic steatosis,severe vacuolar degeneration,nuclear condensation and necrosis.Compared to the model control group,the serum AST levels in low,medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 4.35% (P > 0.05),7.57% (P > 0.05) and 9.79% (P < 0.05),the serum ALT levels in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 34.92% (P < 0.01),36.51% (P < 0.01),the serum total bilirubin content in medium and high dose CHCP groups were decreased by 25.49% (P < 0.01),27.45% (P < 0.01).The liver cell congestion was reduced to varying degrees in different dose CHCP groups,and the liver cell had no vacuoles,arranged in neat rows,abundant cytoplasm and uniform in different dose CHCP groups.In conclusion,2‰,4‰ CHCP could reduce hepatocyte necrosis,decrease the serum activities of ALT,AST and total bilirubin levels,and had protective effect on hepatic injury induced by SCCl₄.     

中医治疗牛口疮

口疮又称烂口、口炎,以口腔粘膜出现溃烂、红肿及口内流涎为特征。多发生于夏秋季节。现代兽医学中的口膜炎属此范畴。1病因病理气候炎热,劳役过重,饲喂热料,热邪郁遏于脾。脾开口于舌,脾热则生痰,痰热互结循经上炎于口;又脾胃为表里,胃热蒸于口而发疮;诸经实热皆应于心,心火上炎则口舌生疮。此外,脾又为后天之本,脾气虚,气血化生无源,口失濡养,或肾虚不能制阳,则虚火上炎亦可成疮。机械性损伤,如草料的芒剌、尖锐硬物以及疫毒感染等,也是引起本病的重要原因。     

英国将采取科学的猪福利评估标准

<正>跛足、尾部损伤、身体损伤、护理栏和环境丰容,在BPEX和布里斯托大学联合进行的一项试点试验把这些指标确定为评估肥育猪动物福利的适宜指标。对于母猪则评估体况评分、肩部和外阴损伤等指标。     

奶牛腱鞘炎的病因、症状与治疗

奶牛时常发生腱鞘炎,屈腱的腱鞘炎比伸腱的多发,腕部、指部的腱鞘发病率较高,趾部腱鞘有时发病。腱炎和腱鞘炎常互为因果,相互影响而发病。1病因机械性损伤,如卧床坎墙的挫伤、碰撞。腱的过度牵张,保定不当或在不平、泥泞的道路上运步等,引起发病。本病由脓毒症、传染病（布鲁氏菌病、结核病）并发,周围组织炎症（蜂窝织炎、脓肿、化脓性黏液囊炎、化脓性关节炎）蔓延所致。侵袭性腱鞘炎常见于蟠尾丝虫病等。     

拖拉机连杆常见损伤的检测

连杆是拖拉机曲柄连杆机构的重要组件。连杆损伤后直接影响发动机工作性能,使发动机压缩压力减小,功率下降。本文对连杆的主要损伤:弯曲、扭曲变形、大小端孔磨损、大端孔结合面和连杆螺栓孔面的损伤的检测方法进行了叙述,以提高发动机的修复质量。