武夷山土壤氮素垂直分异规律研究

为探讨武夷山自然保护区土壤氮素的垂直分异规律,在武夷山自然保护区不同海拔的林分内设立标准地,对不同海拔和土层土壤全氮、水解性氮、铵态氮、硝态氮等指标进行测定,分析土壤不同氮素的垂直分异规律。结果表明,武夷山自然保护区0-20 cm土层土壤全氮、水解性氮、铵态氮、硝态氮含量总体上随海拔高度的升高呈增加趋势,而20-40 cm及40-60 cm土层不同形态氮素含量随着海拔高度的变化呈现一定的波动;在土壤剖面垂直分布上,土壤全氮、水解性氮、铵态氮、硝态氮含量随着土层深度的增加呈下降趋势,土层深度对土壤不同氮素含量的影响达显著水平,但土壤全氮含量在不同土层间的差异规律不明显。     

湖南秋季大棚无籽西瓜品种立架栽培技术研究

根据湖南秋季的气候特点,2012～2014年在湖南省岳阳市农业科技示范园、长沙市农作物品种展示基地（浏阳市淳口镇黄荆坪村）进行大棚秋季无籽西瓜品种立架栽培试验研究,参试品种为泉蜜308无籽、金丽黄无籽、博达隆一号无籽、黑童宝无籽、博帅无籽、神玉无籽、博达隆三号无籽、绿虎无籽、金蜜红无籽、蜜童无籽。试验结果表明,所有参试品种均表现出耐高温性强、抗性强、果皮外观漂亮、商品率高、瓤色鲜艳、口感好、无籽性能好、品质上佳、产量高等优点,适宜湖南丘陵地区与洞庭湖区等地秋季大棚立架栽培种植。     

Eulerian views of layered water currents, vertical distribution of some larval fishes, and inferred advective transport over the continental shelf off North Carolina, USA, in winter

Currents that effect the shoreward transport of the larvae of estuarine-dependent fishes spawned in winter in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, USA, were driven by winds and pressure gradients, and influenced by the Gulf Stream. Aside from storms, winds over the continental shelf in Onslow Bay blew predominantly alongshore with velocities approaching 14 m s^-1 during February and March 1986, and January and February 1989. Water masses and currents observed at two current-meter moorings, one at mid-shelf and the other on the outer shelf, reflected the onshore (or offshore) advection of interior water in compensation for the offshore (or onshore) advection of wind-driven surface water. Winds and currents reversed direction approximately every 4 to 6 days. The larvae of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus , spot, Leiostomus xan- thurus, and Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus , were most abundant in 17–19^oC and 20–21^oC water of the outer shelf and Gulf Stream fronts. There was little indication of diel vertical migration; larval Atlantic menhaden were most abundant in mid- and surface water, while spot and Atlantic croaker were most abundant in mid- and deep water. Given this distribution, the inferred advective transport of larvae was at times onshore, but at other times it was offshore. Within a spawning season, the prevalence of either reciprocation could determine the number of larvae that reach coastal inlets.     

Vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae in the southern part of the East China Sea

ABSTRACT:   The vertical distribution of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae was described based on discrete depth sampling using a MTD net system from the surface down to 100 m depth at 13 stations in the southern East China Sea between 27 February and 10 March 2002. Of the 20 782 fish larvae collected, T. japonicus larvae were most abundant, accounting for 37.0% of the total catch. The average abundance of the larvae was 419.0 individuals/10 m², with the average (± standard deviation [SD]) body length of 2.6 ± 0.3 mm (range 1.8–7.5 mm). The larvae were concentrated in the mixed layer, with peak densities in the 10–30 m layer. The average (±SD) weighted mean depth was 21.5 ± 7.8 m. There was no evidence of either diel or ontogenetic vertical migration for the early larvae of <5 mm. More than 90% of the T. japonicus larvae were collected in the water temperature ranging from 21 to 23°C. Vertical profiles of the larval densities and chlorophyll a coincided with each other, which might reflect the abundance of their main prey organisms, copepod nauplii and copepodites, since copepod production is known to be closely related with the chlorophyll a concentration.     

生长调节物质对楸树花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响

采用离体花粉液体培养法研究4种植物生长调节物质对不同来源楸树花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响。结果表明：较低浓度的赤霉素促进花粉萌发及花粉管生长,高浓度则表现为明显的抑制作用,最适浓度为300 mg/L;吲哚乙酸和2,4-D对花粉的作用效果与楸树的种源有关,总体上均呈低浓度促进,高浓度抑制的规律;花粉萌发率均在吲哚乙酸为15 mg/L时达到最大值,只有2个种源与对照间差异极显著,花粉萌发率在2,4-D为200 mg/L时均达到最大值,超过最适浓度后,吲哚乙酸和2,4-D均对花粉萌发及花粉管生长表现为抑制作用;各个浓度的萘乙酸均抑制花粉萌发及花粉管生长,且抑制程度随浓度增加而加强。     

松江鲈鱼初期胚后发育阶段消化系统组织学的初步研究

实验通过对松江鲈鱼(Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel)仔鱼的消化道进行从口腔到尾部的连续切片,观察其消化道的组织学结构。结果表明:①松江鲈鱼仔鱼在出膜后1d与2d的消化道组织结构简单,肠腔部分位置堵塞,未见畅通,仔鱼靠自身的卵黄囊进行营养。②出膜3d后的松江鲈鱼仔鱼消化道畅通,可进行主动摄食。了解到这一情况,并根据其当时精确的口径大小,可为解决松江鲈鱼仔鱼开口时间与选择合适开口饵料提供理论依据。     

Increased ectopic fat cells in the longitudinal muscularis layer of the oviduct isthmus in obese Japanese Black cows

In obese humans, mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to become ectopic fat cells in muscles. These ectopic fat cells inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscles. Stem cells have been recently identified in the human oviduct, a structure important in reproduction. We therefore investigated the number of Oil Red O (ORO)‐positive cells in the oviducts of control Japanese Black cows (n = 6; body condition score [BCS], 3.0 on a 5‐point scale) compared to those with diet‐induced obesity (n = 5; BCS, 4.0). We stained the ampulla and isthmus collected on the second day after ovulation with ORO and then counted the positive cells in each layer in 10 cross‐sections of the ampulla or isthmus. The obese group (23.4 ± 3.4 in the 10 sections) had larger numbers of ORO‐positive cells in the longitudinal muscularis of the isthmus (P < 0.05) than did the control group (15.0 ± 2.4). ORO‐positive cells were also observed in all other layers of the isthmus and ampulla; however, the number of cells in these layers did not differ significantly between obese cows and controls. Whether this observed increase in ORO‐positive cells in the oviducts of obese cows affects their reproduction warrants further study.     

虾池沉积物中3类主要细菌的垂直分布特征

采用平板涂布法和MPN法测定了虾池底质下 0到 30cm深度范围内 3类主要细菌类群的垂直分布情况。结果表明 ,底泥中细菌主要集中于 0到 5cm的表层范围内 ,随深度增加 ,数量急剧减少 ,至 30cm深处所测到菌量已很少。底泥中的总菌量随养殖时间推移 ,逐渐增加 ,到养殖中后期 ,表层菌量增加至 10 6CFU/g ,表层以下 10～2 0cm的总异养菌量和硝酸盐还原菌数量也增加至 10 5CFU/ g以上。弧菌仍集中于表层。细菌的垂直分布主要受各层有机物和溶解氧含量的影响