叶用银杏半同胞家系苗期性状生长动态及苗期选择

对银杏2年生苗苗高、地径生长过程运用Logistic方程进行模拟，相关系数均在0．97以上，银杏高生长在萌芽展叶后直接进入速生期，地径生长速生期开始与结束均要晚于苗高生长速生期，不同家系苗高、地径生长速生期的停止期差异较大。银杏苗期叶片的叶长、叶宽、单叶干重、单叶鲜重、平均单叶面积等形态指标的年生长节律呈S型曲线、内含物的年变化规律呈双峰型曲线。研究表明：苗高与地径生长的速生期终点、成熟健康叶片的叶面积、9月初的叶片总内酯含量、9月底的叶片总黄酮含量等性状可作为叶用银杏家系苗期选择的重要指标。     

Severe hail damage to mangroves at Port Curtis, Australia

A hailstorm in October 1994 was found to have moderately or severely impacted on 5.3% of the mangrove forests in Port Curtis. All mangrove species showed evidence of hail damage, including the three most common species (Rhizophora stylosa, Ceriops tagal and Avicennia marina). Physical effects of hail damage included stripping of leaves from plants, holes punched through leaves, bruising to bark, divots removed from bark, branch and plant death. Speciesspecific differences in vulnerability to the effects of hail were observed with C.tagal experiencing relatively higher mortality rates than the other two common mangrove species. A delayed pattern of mortality was observed in two species _ C.tagal and A.marina. Alterations to mangrove community structure included: (1) reductions in stem density, stem diameter and basal area, (2) reductions in canopy cover (based on a photographic index of foliage projective cover) and (3) changes in relative abundance of species in mangrove zones. Recovery was observed in some stands but others had not recovered to prehail levels of canopy cover two years after the hailstorm. Recovery had occurred by regeneration of fresh leaves but no recruitment of young plants had been observed during the study. The forests in the impact area were dominated by either Ceriops tagal or Rhizophora stylosa with Avicennia marinaas a subdominant in places. C.tagal dominated forests within the impact area were relatively more severely affected (41.8% in the severe category) than R.stylosa dominated communities (only 17.4% in the severe category). This indicated that C.tagal dominated forests were more vulnerable to the effects of hail damage than R.stylosa dominated forests. In addition, hailimpacted C.tagal dominated forests represented a relatively high percentage of the area of C.tagal dominated forests in Port Curtis (44.3%). This percentage was much higher than hailimpacted R.stylosa dominated forests in Port Curtis (2.7%). These two factors – relatively severe impact on C.tagal communities and a relatively higher percentage affected within the Port Curtis area – illustrate that hailstorms, as a form of natural disturbance, are an important influence on the forest ecology of mangrove ecosystems in this region.     

荔枝园昆虫群落优势功能团的季节演变及其相关性

以功能团为研究单元,对不同处理荔枝园昆虫群落季节演变规律进行了研究.结果表明:咀嚼害虫、刺吸害虫、捕食性天敌以及中性昆虫是昆虫群落的优势功能团;两处理区各害虫、中性昆虫功能团种群数量变动基本一致;无公害区捕食性天敌数量及优势度多数月份要高于常规区,但又显著低于对照区;中性昆虫是维持捕食性天敌种群数量的主要功能团;无公害防治对害虫的防治效果与常规化学防治相当,有利于维持果园昆虫群落的稳定.     

光肩星天牛成虫发生期及种群数量变动规律研究

本文对利用诱饵树法预测光肩星天牛成虫发生期进行了研究。光肩星天牛种群发生数量与杨树品种、树龄及天气积分指数有密切关系。露伊莎杨上的卵量分别为Ｉ－２１４杨和Ｉ－６９杨的２．７倍和１４．５倍。Ｉ－６９杨３年一树上的一为５年生树的８倍。低龄幼虫越冬前的存活率与６－９月份的天气积分指数呈正相关。光肩星天牛种群数量的消长规律，初步认为为５ａ一个周期。     

浙江衢州毛竹林低改后害虫种群变动分析

自20世纪80年代始，衢州市各县(市、区)逐渐推广毛竹低产林改造技术，为竹林增产增效打下了基础。但是，由于改制后的毛竹林地被挖锄，天敌资源锐减，竹林中年年有笋，立竹上终年披叶，使竹子害虫食物条件改善，致使竹子害虫种类、数量增加，危害逐年加重。通过害虫种群变动分析，可以为开展竹林病虫害综合防治提供有效的应对措施。     

Some developmental differences inEpinotia granitalis (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) between two host tree species

To detect developmental differences inEpinotia granitalis in two host tree speciesCryptomeria japonica andChamaecyparis obtusa, the fourth or fifth instar larvae were collected daily from the two species located on the grounds of the National Forest Tree Breeding Center, from April 19 to May 9 in 1994 and April 18 to May 10 in 1995. Larvae ofE. granitalis collected fromC. obtusa had heavier body weight, developed to larger adults than those collected fromC. japonica, and mortality from the fourth or fifth instar larval stage to adults onC. obtusa was lower than that onC. japonica. All these facts suggest that larval performance onC. obtusa was higher than that onC. japonica.     

广西不同植被类型地表径流的研究

1982—1989年,采用定位对比对不同植被类型的地表径流量及动态进行了观测研究。结果表明:1.不同植被类型的地表径流差异很大,草坡>针叶林>阔叶林或针阔混交林;区内各植被类型的径流系数较小,平均为0.78％,但各类型间差异很大,可达57倍强。2.地表径流的季节动态,主要受降水的季节分配规律制约;而不同植被类型的地表径流量主要受植被的树冠群体或植物群体、枯枝落叶层和土壤层的综合效能所决定。这种综合效能呈现阔叶混交林或针阔混交林大于针叶林、针叶林大于草坡地的规律。文中还建立了不同植被类型地表径流深与林外降雨量的回归模型。     

祥云新松叶蜂种群动态研究

１９９２￣１９９５年对祥云新松叶蜂的种群动态进行了研究，结果分析表明，影响种群动态的主导因子是茧期死亡率，茧期死亡主要由天敌引起。由于祥云新松叶蜂幼虫具有驱赶天敌的利己激素，捕食性天敌昆虫对幼虫不能产生明显的控制作用。影响幼虫期死亡率的主要因子是温度。通过死亡率低海拔大于高海拔，同一海拔阴坡大于阳坡。由于祥云新松叶蜂危害云南松老叶，且对天敌抵抗力强，具有持续数年危害的特点。     

兴安落叶松落叶量和幼苗发生动态的研究

采用野外试验的方法,研究了兴安落叶松原始老龄林下兴安落叶松的更新条件。在所研究的四种林型的兴安落叶松原始老龄林之间,更新差别表现在下种、发芽和存活三方面。种子年时,老龄林下种量每平方米达到300-1000粒,各林型落种量从大到小的顺序为:赤杨落叶松林→丛桦落叶松林→草类落叶松林→杜香落叶松林。一年中的幼苗发生过程可分为四个时期,种子萌发主要在6月,幼苗死亡主要在7月,而8月份幼苗种群变化较小。从有利于落叶松种子萌发和幼苗存活的方面来说,各林型的顺序是:丛桦落叶松林>杜香落叶松林>赤杨落叶松林>草类落叶松林。这个顺序主要取决于土壤表层的湿度,即土壤湿度越大,发芽数和存活数越多。     

肉桂双瓣卷蛾种群动态及综合治理研究

通过室内饲养和林间调查相结合的方法,研究了肉桂双瓣卷蛾的种群动态。该虫的发生、消长猖獗成灾与温度、湿度、林分结构和组成、林龄及天敌等环境因子有密切关系。提出了采取预防为主,营林技术措施为基础,生物防治为主导,科学地采取生物、人工、化学防治和保护利用天敌等的综合治理措施,可有效控制其危害。