三种常用方法防治松干线虫的研究

在病虫害防治过程中切断传染路径是重要的传统防治方法。松干线虫的主要传染媒介是松墨天牛,伐除病死木、熏蒸方法处理残余伐根、诱捕器捕杀天牛成虫3种方法相结合,处理染病林分,并和没有进行处理的林分进行比较,试验表明,染病个体植株数明显下降,松墨天牛虫口密度大幅度降低。基于这样的思路,设计了试验方案,收集大量数据,并进行数据处理分析,得出结论,为松干线虫的防治提供理论依据。     

不同土壤处理对番茄根结线虫防治效果及产量的影响

为了建立安全、高效、绿色的蔬菜根结线虫防治技术,研究了"臭氧水+生物菌肥+噻唑膦""臭氧水+生物菌肥+阿维菌素""臭氧水+生物菌肥""生物菌肥+噻唑膦"及生物菌肥5种土壤处理对设施番茄根结线虫病的防治效果和产量的影响。结果表明:以臭氧水为基础组配的土壤处理防治根结线虫,对秋冬茬、冬春茬2茬番茄根结线虫病的防效均在90.0%及以上,对番茄产量的恢复或增加效果明显,其中"臭氧水+噻唑膦+生物菌肥"土壤处理对番茄根结线虫防治效果最好,"臭氧水+生物菌肥"土壤处理最为安全、经济,且防治效果较好,建议广大菜农积极应用。     

A case of verminous mastitis in a mare

This report describes bilateral mammary gland infection with a previously unidentified Cephalobus species of nematode. Only one previous case of verminous mastitis due to a Cephalobus species has been reported, pre-dating the widespread use of molecular diagnostics. This report describes the case presentation and management, as well as the morphological and molecular methods of nematode identification.     

粉红螺旋聚孢霉NF-06固体发酵条件优化及对南方根结线虫的防治效果

南方根结线虫是一种严重危害我国蔬菜安全生产的土传病害，生产上亟需一种有效的防控方法。本研究从根结线虫卵囊中分离到一株生防真菌NF-06，通过形态学和分子生物学方法将其鉴定为粉红螺旋聚孢霉Clonostachys rosea。通过离体活性测定的方法测定NF-06发酵滤液对根结线虫2龄幼虫的致死作用，发现24、48和72 h后2龄幼虫的相对死亡率分别达63.6%，75.5%和87.0%。以产孢量为指标，优化菌株NF-06固体发酵条件，确定最佳基础培养基为麦麸和麦秸秆混合物，其比例为4：1（wt/wt），在基础培养基中添加10%玉米粉、2%蚕豆粉和0.05% KH₂PO₄可获得最大产孢量；最优培养条件为初始pH值7.0，初始含水量40%，接种量5%，产孢量达8.9×10¹⁰ CFU/g。室内盆栽防治效果测定显示，菌株NF-06固体发酵物能够有效降低土壤中的线虫数量和番茄根结指数，其中5 g/株穴施处理的线虫减退率和防治效果分别达67.9%和69.6%。本研究为生物杀线虫剂的开发和利用提供理论依据。     

Absence of three known benzimidazole resistance mutations in Trichostrongylus tenuis, a nematode parasite of avian hosts

Benzimidazole (BZ) resistance is widespread in nematode parasites of livestock, but very little is known about the levels of BZ resistance in parasites with avian hosts. We investigated BZ resistance in Trichostrongylus tenuis, a nematode parasite of red grouse, Lagopus lagopus scotica. BZ anthelmintics had been in use in this system for up to 15 years, yet existing phenotypic evidence for resistance was inconclusive. We screened 1530 individuals from 14 populations at the principal β-tubulin locus for BZ resistance (isotype 1, residue 200) and 940 of these at two further resistance sites (isotype 1, residue 167; isotype 2, residue 200). No BZ resistant genotypes were found. Alternative mechanisms may be responsible for BZ resistance in this system, or the method and timing of treatments may reduce selection pressure for BZ resistance by creating substantial refugia for susceptible genotypes.     

芬苯哒唑控释丸对小尾寒羊线虫的临床驱虫效果

选取某羊场临床表现有线虫感染症状的病例,实验室检查证明为自然感染线虫的小尾寒羊20只,分为4组,依次用芬苯哒唑控释丸、0．2％伊维菌素、丙硫咪唑进行驱虫。分别于用药前及用药后第7天取粪便计数虫卵,并于用药后第2天起检查每天由粪便中驱出虫体数量,直至查不出为止。结果表明,芬苯哒唑对羊消化道线虫有更好的杀灭作用,而且有效期更长。     

曼陀罗嫁接番茄抗温室根结线虫病研究

以曼陀罗做根砧进行了温室番茄嫁接抗根结线虫病的研究.结果表明:曼陀罗与番茄具有良好的亲合性,嫁接后植株生长势和抗根结线虫能力增强,产量提高,果实无毒,口感同自根苗番茄无明显差别.     

大豆抗源抗SCN过程中POD酶动态分析

能动地大豆抗源抗孢囊线虫（ＳＣＮ）过程中过的氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性和酶谱的变化研究,探讨了大豆抗源在抗病过程中是通过提高体内ＰＯＤ酶活性来抵御ＳＣＮ的侵染,抗源品种ＰＯＤ活性和酶谱呈动态变化。在侵染高峰期（３０￣３５ｄ）,高抗抗原体内ＰＯＤ酶活性最强,酶谱着色较深;而感病品种在侵染高峰期ＰＯＤ酶活性降至最低值,且一些酶带受损以至消失。另外,证实了ＰＯＤ酶在抗病过程中参与木质素的合成。抗病过程中酶活     

RFLP mapping of a new cereal cyst nematode resistance locus in barley

Cereal cyst nematode (CCN) ( Heterodera avenae Woll.) is an economically damaging pest of barley in many of the worlds cereal growing areas. The development of CCN-resistant cultivars may be accelerated with the application of molecular markers. Three resistance genes against the pest have been mapped previously to chromosome 2 ( Ha 1, Ha 2 and Ha 3). In this study, a third gene present in the Australian barley variety 'Galleon' derived from the landrace 'CI3576' was located. Segregation analysis of CCN resistance data derived from doubled haploid populations of the cross 'Haruna Nijo'×'Galleon' identified a single major locus controlling CCN resistance in the variety 'Galleon'. This locus mapped to the long arm of chromosome 5H estimated to be 6.2 cM from the known function restriction fragment length polymorphism marker XYL (xylanase). While five genes for CCN resistance, including Ha2, have been mapped to group 2 chromosomes in the Triticeae, no gene other than Ha4 has been identified on group 5 chromosomes.     

甘薯糠腐茎线虫病组织病理学扫描电镜研究

利用扫描电子显微镜对被甘薯糠腐茎线虫（ＤｉｔｙｌｅｎｃｈｕｓｄｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｏｒＴｈｏｒｎｅ）侵染的甘薯组织细胞的损伤情况进行了观察,结果表明：与健康甘薯相比,轻一中度侵染的病薯细胞失水,雏缩,细胞间隙加大,淀粉粒颗粒变小,大部分细胞出现及变形等病理变化,同时可见许多正在侵染的线虫;患病严重的薯块内细胞严重失水,皱缩,细胞间呈现大的空隙,维管组织变形,有的破碎,细胞内淀粉数量明业减少甚至完全丢失,