植物挥发物的收集方法

植物挥发物对调节生态系统各级营养层之间的关系具有重要作用。传粉昆虫和植食性昆虫可通过健康植物释放的挥发物来进行寄主定位,而被植食性昆虫为害诱导产生的挥发物则对植食性昆虫具有直接或间接的防御功能。对植物挥发物的收集和鉴定,继而筛选出吸引或者趋避害虫以及吸引天敌的有效成分,对害虫的生物防治、保持生态系统的平衡具有很重要的现实意义。本文简介了收集植物挥发物的几种方法,并对目前比较常用的萃取、蒸馏、吸附剂吸附、电子鼻等方法进行了分析和比较。     

Simulation of methanol steam reforming in micro channel with lattice Boltzmann method

Lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the methanol steam reforming process in a micro channel. Lattice evolution model with dual rate kinetic parallel reaction mechanism is established. The impacts of boundary temperature, inlet velocity on reaction outlet parameters, such as methanol conversion rate, outlet concentrations of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and maximum temperature difference, are studied. It is found that under a certain boundary temperature and inlet velocity, when the methanol molar ratio, boundary temperature and inlet velocity are 1.3, 523 K and 0.1 m/s respectively, the methanol conversion ratio can reach the highest value of 94.36%, together with the concentrations of hydrogen and carbon monoxide of 0.098 9 and 0.009 5% respectively. With the increase of boundary temperature and decrease of inlet velocity, the concentration of CO will increase.     

大西洋不同种级种薯对河西走廊马铃薯经济性状的影响

以大西洋马铃薯为试材,研究了不同种级种薯对河西走廊马铃薯经济性状的影响。结果表明：采用原种,一级种作种薯,无论在株高、单株分茎数、单株茎叶鲜重,还是在单株结薯个数与单株块茎产量上都明显优于微型薯和二级种;不同种级闻原种、一级种的产量明显高于其他种级,一级种整薯产量最高,平均为51919．5kg·hm^-2,其次为原种整薯51558．0kg·hm^-2,二者之间差异不显著;同一种级整薯较切块产量高;小整薯比切块种薯有明显的生长优势,而且病害较轻、产量高。     

麻疹疫苗预防犬瘟热的试验研究*

 为调查麻疹疫苗用于预防犬瘟热的可行性,选择同窝8只土种幼犬,按2～2.5人份/犬的剂量对A组幼犬（n=3）进行2次麻疹弱毒疫苗接种,应用微量中和试验测定免疫前及每次免疫后第7d血清中的犬瘟热病毒（CDV）中和抗体效价,并转移加强免疫犬外周循环全血［（3.2～3.5）mL/犬］给未免疫B组犬（n=3）,3d后用Vero细胞分离培养的第3代CDV昆明分离株,以2000个TCID 50（相当于5600 PFU）/犬的剂量对上述2组犬和对照C组犬（n=2）进行肌肉注射或滴鼻攻毒。结果发现：不论是否接种麻疹弱毒疫苗,所有犬只均未产生可检测到的CDV中和抗体（效价低于1∶4）;攻毒后连续观察14 d,A组与B组均未出现犬瘟热临床症状,C组出现明显的犬瘟热症状但未死亡。以上结果表明：麻疹弱毒疫苗不能诱导犬产生CDV中和抗体,但可诱导产生有效的抗CDV感染的细胞免疫力。     

多种食用包装食品中防腐剂的安全性评价研究

探讨了食品中防腐剂对人体健康的影响及其检测方法,从生物学实验角度——蚕豆根尖微核试验对几种食用包装食品中防腐剂山梨酸钾的检测,并进行了F检验。结果表明：各实验组均能引起微核率升高和有丝分裂指数的降低,从A—E的微核率分别为16．0‰、12．4‰、18．4‰、32．7‰、17．9‰;有丝分裂指数分别为4．21％、4．67％、2．09％、1．12％、3．98％,D组果汁饮料（健爽）中使用了过量的山梨酸钾。     

基于医学CT和工业CT扫描研究土壤大孔隙结构特征的区别

为探究医学CT与工业CT在土壤大孔隙特征扫描研究应用的区别,选取青海地区金露梅灌丛原状土壤样品,分别采用医学和工业2种CT对其进行扫描,通过对扫描图像的分析和处理,对比分析2种CT扫描的断层图像质量、土壤大孔隙三维图像以及孔隙度特征3个方面特征,分析2种CT研究土壤大孔隙特征的差异。研究结果表明:(1)从扫描土壤横断面图像质量来看,工业CT的图像质量要明显高于医学CT图像;(2)2种CT图像经处理堆栈出的三维图像在形态上相似,但是工业CT解析出的三维图能更好地体现出不同深度的土壤孔隙分布;(3)2种CT图像经处理得到的孔隙度,随着土壤深度的变化,其特征在整体趋势上大致相同,但工业CT能更准确地反映较深层次土壤的孔隙度。因此可以根据不同的需求选择适宜的CT。     

产业化视角下微课发展研究

随着多媒体应用技术的不断更新和发展,微课作为新的教学方式在教学中占据重要地位.它是教育知识传播与分享的必备工具,也是教育部门关注的焦点.微课在一定程度上影响着产业发展的推广,它既使教育资讯更容易被接受,又促使学习者树立终身学习理念.在市场产业化的条件下加快推进微课事业发展显得很必要.     

鸡大肠杆菌(O78)超声波灭活菌苗研究

菌毛提取液,荚膜多糖－破伤风类毒素（ＣＰＳ－ＴＴ）载体抗原液及热、甲醛和超声波灭活菌液中加入蜂胶佐剂,制成菌苗免疫石岐杂鸡,７７及１１２ｄ攻毒保护试验结果表明,超声波灭活菌体的免疫原性最好,热灭活菌体最差,菌毛,ＣＰＳ－ＴＴ及甲醛灭活菌体的免疫原性相当。尤其采用超声波处理的菌液作抗原为明显。     

Dye injection for predicting pesticide movement in micro-irrigated polyethylene film mulch beds

A new method is described for tracing water movement in polyethylene film covered soil beds. Dye was delivered via a drip tape micro-irrigation system which was placed in the bed as the soil beds were shaped and covered with polyethylene film. The dye was injected into the system and irrigated with water for 4-24 h at 0.41-1.38 bar (41-138 kPa) pressure depending on the experiment. The dye appeared as blue circles on the soil surface within 20 min of injection and produced a three-dimensional pattern in the soil profile. Injection-irrigation-pressure scenarios were evaluated by measuring dye movement directly below and between emitters by sliding fabricated blades vertically into the bed at the desired examination point and excavating the soil away from the blade. The dye typically produced a U shape on the face of the bed and the area was calculated for each of these exposed faces. The area increased as the length of irrigation and water pressure increased. Interrupted irrigation (pulsing) scenarios did not alter the calculated areas encompassed by the dye compared to uninterrupted irrigation scenarios. The blue dye provided a direct, inexpensive and easy method of visualizing water movement in soil beds. This information will be used to optimize application of emulsifiable plant-care products in polyethylene film mulch beds.     

CT2000对不同日龄肉用鹌鹑生产性能的影响

2 4 0羽 1 7日龄肉用鹌鹑随机分成 4组 ,每组设不同处理 ,38日龄称重。在不同日龄段 ,以不同方式添喂不同剂量CT2 0 0 0 ,观察其对日增重的影响。结果 :在 2 4～ 38日龄段每天添加CT2 0 0 0 ,在 31～ 38日龄段每周一次性添加CT2 0 0 0可以显著提高肉用鹌鹑的生产性能 ;而在 1 7～ 38日龄段每天添加CT2 0 0 0没有此作用。提示CT2 0 0 0有提高肉用鹌鹑生产性能的作用 ,但不同的添加阶段和添加方式对结果有不同的影响。