滩涂互花米草除治技术研究

针对福建沿海滩涂外来物种互花米草疯长成灾问题,通过使用滩涂米草除控剂、种植秋茄等方法对互花米草进行除治技术研究,结果表明:在4-7月退潮后,用滩涂米草除控剂300-400 g稀水10 kg液均匀喷湿互花米草茎叶,2个月后叶枯根烂,次年4月下旬在除草迹地插植秋茄胚轴,幼树长势良好,为建设海峡西岸滩涂绿色屏障提供技术支撑.     

工业园区绿地系统规划浅析——以淮安工业园区绿地系统规划为例

介绍了当前我国工业园区绿地系统规划的概念及意义,并以淮安工业园区为代表,探讨了工业园区绿地系统规划的相关内容,可为我国工业园区绿地系统规划提供一定的借鉴。     

Cloning of vacuolar H<Superscript>+</Superscript>-ATPase subunit c genes from Japanese iris,and functional characterization in yeast

Five different isoforms (IrlVHA-c1-c5) of V-ATPase subunit c (VHA-c) were cloned from a Japanese iris (Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis Fisch. Koidz) cDNA library using degenerate primers PCR and the 5'-RACE technique. The sequence analysis showed the open reading frame (ORF) of the IrlVHA-c1 c5 to be 495 bp, corresponding to a protein of 164 amino acids. Among the five isoforms, IrlVHA-c1 and IrlVHA-c2 are completely homologous. The IrlVHA-c protein is localized at the vacuolar membrane as indicated by a g...     

冀北沙荒地退化程度诊断及其短期封育效果评价

以冀北退化沙荒地为研究对象,以恢复生态学为研究理论基础,对冀北沙荒地各项指标进行权重赋值,诊断沙荒地的退化程度,并通过分析封育区、未封育区及其地带植被演替顶级群落的土壤理化性质和植被数量特征,评价5年封育效果。结果表明,沙荒地封育区及未封育区均属中度退化程度,沙荒地土壤状况尚未因为5年的封育得到明显改善;植被状况虽有明显改善,但还处在演替初期的草本植被阶段,与地带植被演替顶级群落仍存在很大差距,封育措施需要持续下去。     

Evaluation of cold resistance of ornamental species for planting as urban rooftop greening

Rooftop gardening or green roof establishment, one of the methods of afforestation for urban greening, has many benefits for the environment, the economy and urban landscapes. Various environmental stresses including heat, strong wind, sunshine and cold prevent most plants from growing well in extensive green roof systems. For the establishment of urban rooftop gardening in Beijing, we evaluated 13 ornamental plant species [Berberis thunbergii ‘Atropurea Nana’, Euonymus fortune (Turcz.) Hand., Viburnum dilatatum Thunb., Cotinus coggygria Scop., Swida alba Opiz., Weigela florida (Bunge.) A. DC., Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl., Euonymus japonicus Thunb., Euonymus japonicus ‘Cuzhi’, Buddleja davidii Franch., Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li., Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and Spiraea salicifolia L.] for greening of flat rooftops. We obtained three indices concerning cold resistance, i.e., electrical conductivity of leaves, amounts of soluble sugars and amounts of free proline, providing a theoretical basis for selection of plants fit for roof and balcony greening. The results show that the six species P. fortuneana (Maxim.) Li., B. thunbergii ‘Atropurea Nana’, J. nudiflorum Lindl., E. fortune (Turcz.) Hand., E. japonicus Thunb. and E. japonicus ‘Cuzhi’ are excellent plants for rooftop gardening, judging from their strong ability in cold resistance. Plants such as L. lucidum Ait., C. coggygria Scop. and W. florida (Bunge) A. DC. showed a medium ability in cold resistance. However, these species can be used in roof and balcony greening after intensive management or acclimatization of variety. The ability to resist cold of plants such as W. florida (Bunge) A. DC., S. salicifolia L., V. rhytidophyllum and S. alba Opiz. (Cornus alba L.) was found to be rather weak. Therefore, cold-proof measures are recommended when using these species.     

中国主栽青辣椒品种鲜切加工适宜性评价

为科学评价青辣椒品种的鲜切加工适宜性,收集中国主栽青辣椒品种20个,统一种植,在同一成熟度下采收,并对其感官理化指标(L*、a*、b*值、感官评价得分、出品率、果皮硬度、果肉厚度、含水率、糖酸比、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸),功能性指标(维生素C含量、总酚含量、DPPH自由基清除能力(DPPH free radical scavenging activity)、铁离子还原能力(Ferric iron reducing antioxidant power)、ABTS自由基清除能力(ABTS radical scavenging activity)、β-胡萝卜素含量进行测定。应用SAS9.2软件对基础数据进行显著性分析;应用相关性、主成分、Varclus变量聚类及因子评价分析对17项指标进行降维处理,筛选核心评价指标;运用层次分析法确定主评价指标权重;运用灰色关联度分析法对20个青辣椒品种的鲜切加工适宜性进行评价。结果表明:显著性分析发现除含水率外,青辣椒的其他指标品种间差异极显著(P0.001),其中b*值、β-胡萝卜素含量及FRAP值的变异系数较大;在所有品种中陇椒5号的维生素C含量在α=0.05水平上显著高于其他品种,京辣2号的β-胡萝卜素含量在α=0.05水平上显著高于其他品种,京研皱皮辣、陇椒5号的抗氧化能力在α=0.05水平上显著高于其他品种。相关性分析发现果皮硬度与感官评价得分呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.68,与可溶性固形物含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.72;糖酸比与可滴定酸含量呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.81;维生素C含量与FRAP值、ABTS值及总酚含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.69、0.73、0.58;果肉厚度与维生素C含量呈显著负相关、与总酚含量呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.5、-0.6;β-胡萝卜素含量与L*、b*值呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.63、-0.66。主成分、聚类、因子评价及层次分析确定感官评价得分、维生素C含量、出品率、糖酸比、β-胡萝卜素含量及总酚含量为主要评价因子,权重分别为38.15%、26.55%、18.37%、9.00%、5.00%、2.94%。灰色关联度分析表明针对鲜切加工,微辣的青椒品种中"国福311"和"中椒106"的加工品质较好,中辣青椒品种中"陇椒6号"的加工品质较好,强辣青椒品种中"兴蔬皱皮辣"的加工品质较好。以上研究结果可以为鲜切青辣椒生产加工过程中原料的选择提供科学的数据和方法,同时也可为青辣椒育种如富集功能性成分品种的选育提供指导。     

甘肃中东部半干旱区集雨补灌技术研究

通过分析甘肃中东部黄土高原半干旱区集雨水源的基本特征和特点 ,提出不同作物在不同时期的补充灌溉定额、灌溉次数以及灌溉效果。试验研究表明 ,旱作区主要作物在作物关键需水期和受旱后补充灌水 ,有显著的增产、保苗和稳产效果 ,水分利用效率、供水效率显著增加。     

渭北旱原冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式的节水效益

在陕西渭北旱原区，通过田间试验对冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式的水分利用效率、节水增产效果和投入产出进行详细的分析，并对不同覆盖栽培模式的节水增产机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明：渭北旱原区冬小麦不同覆盖栽培模式均优于常规栽培，垄覆膜沟覆秸秆更为突出。垄覆膜沟覆秸秆栽培模式提高水分利用效率到11.59 kg·mm^-1·hm^-2，单位粮食生产节水量达到37.21%～39.85%，单位耗水量增产达到58.68%～66.25%，产投比为1.34∶1，均高于其它覆盖栽培模式。垄覆膜沟覆秸秆模式栽培技术是提高旱地冬小麦产量和经济效益的有效途径之一。     

Zinc fertilization of lentil for grain yield and grain zinc concentration in ten Saskatchewan soils

Fertilization of grain legumes with zinc (Zn) can affect both marketable yield and Zn content of the grain, which is important in addressing human nutritional deficiencies in certain regions of the world. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the response of three different market classes of lentil to Zn fertilization using ten surface soils from Saskatchewan (Canada). The distribution of Zn among labile and stable fractions chemically separated from the soil was also determined in the ten prairie soils and related to the lentil responses observed. The three market classes of lentils (large and small green, small red) were grown without Zn (control), and with 2.5 and 5 kg Zn ha^?1 added as zinc sulfate to each soil prior to planting. Zinc fertilizer application significantly influenced grain yield and was soil dependent. A significant increase in grain yield over the control was observed from application of Zn on some low organic matter, high pH Brown Chernozem soils whereas a decrease in grain yield over control was observed in other soils such as a Black Chernozem of high organic matter content and low (<7) pH. Lack of positive yield response to addition of Zn were related to measured high diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable and plant root simulator (PRS) resin membrane probe Zn, and large amounts of native Zn in exchangeable and iron/manganese (Fe/Mn) oxide bound fractions. Application of Zn fertilizer generally increased the grain concentration of Zn. For example, an increase of ～20% in Zn concentration over control was observed when 5 kg Zn ha^?1 was added to a loamy textured low organic matter Brown Chernozem soil. Overall, small green lentil was more consistent in producing a positive response to Zn fertilizer application on soils with low plant available Zn compared to large green lentil and small red lentil.