紫外分光光度法测定盐酸多西环素可溶性粉的含量

用紫外分光光度法测定盐酸多西环素可溶性粉中多西环素的含量.紫外扫描表明盐酸多西环素在271、349 nm波长处有最大吸收峰,且其浓度在4～28 μg/mL范围内,吸收度与浓度呈良好线性关系.盐酸多西环素溶于甲醇,而辅料不溶,过滤分离出盐酸多西环素,可做紫外检测.用盐酸多西环素对照品和辅料制备模拟样品,测得平均回收率为100.2%,RSD为0.29%（n=9）.该方法可为生产厂家中间品质量监控提供参考.     

Detection of Doxycycline in Soil Using Solid Phase Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet

In order to investigate the pollution status of DOX in soil and reduce the detection cost,a detection method of DOX in three soils was established by solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) in this study.The mixture of acetonitrile and Na₂EDTA-Mcllvaine (1:1,V/V) was used as extraction reagent for soil samples.HLB solid phase extraction column was used for enrichment and purification.Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm×5 μm) column was used for separation.0.01 mol/L oxalic acid (A),acetonitrile (B) and methanol (C) were used as mobile phase system for HPLC detection at 355 nm.The limit of detection (LOD) was determined by 3 times S/N and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was determined by 10 times S/N.The results showed that DOX peaked in 10 min.In the range of 0.1-10 μg/mL,the linear relationship between the peak area of DOX and the concentration was good.The regression equation was y=22 747x+3.3256,and the correlation coefficient was 0.9999.The LOD and LOQ of DOX in this method were 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg,respectively.When the added concentration of DOX was 0.1 μg/g in soil,the recoveries of DOX in loam,sandy loam and sandy were 58.96%,75.84% and 83.06%,respectively,and the coefficient of variation(CV) was 1.00%-9.54%.The recoveries of DOX in loam,sandy loam and sandy were 63.89%,70.48% and 81.07%,respectively,and the CV 2.40%-8.83% when added 0.2 μg/g.The recoveries of DOX in loam,sandy loam and sandy soil was 59.02%,76.16% and 81.29% respectively,and the CV was 1.52%-5.89% when added 0.4 μg/g.This method was efficient,stable and specific.It could be used for the detection and quantification of DOX in different types of soil,which was helpful for the establishment of the detection method of DOX in the environment.     

盐酸多西环素在猪体内的药物动力学及其残留

试验建立了反相高效液相色谱(RT-HPLC)法测定盐酸多西环素的浓度,探讨了盐酸多西环素在猪体内的药物动力学和残留特征。结果表明,盐酸多西环素以2.5mg/kg单剂量肌内注射给猪(n=6),药物动力学模型符合有吸收一室模型,药物动力学参数:吸收半衰期(t1/2ka)、消除半衰期(t1/2ke)为(0.400±0.312)h、(9.530±0.956)h,药时曲线下面积(AUC)为(44.414±4.123)mg·h·L-1,最大血药浓度(Cmax)为(2.811±0.136)mg/L,达峰时间(Tp)为(1.910±0.213)h。另外,以相同剂量肌内注射给猪(n=6),每天1次,连续给药4d后,在不同时间测定盐酸多西环素在猪的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤和脂肪中的残留量。在给药后16d,盐酸多西环素在各组织均能检测到,且残留均低于残留限量。盐酸多西环素注射液在猪体内消除缓慢,残留期较长,建议休药期不低于16d。     

Some pharmacokinetic parameters of doxycycline in East African goats after intramuscular administration of a long-acting formulation

A compartmental and non-compartmental study was carried out on five adult goats following intramuscular administration of doxycycline at 20 mg/kg bodyweight. The concentration of the drug in serum was determined by a microbiological assay employingBacillus cereus varmycoides (ATCC 11778) as the test organism. The mean serum concentration (C _max) and the time of maximum concentration (T _max) were 1.87 µg/ml and 0.85 h, respectively. Using compartmental analysis, the plasma concentration-time curve of doxycycline best fitted a three-compartment open model with first-order absorption. A three-phase disposition of doxycycline was found, the terminal elimination half-life being approximately 40 h.The statistical moment theory was mainly used for non-compartmental analysis. The value obtained for the mean residence time (MRT) was 16.41 h. The mean values for the volume of distribution at steady state (V _dss), determined by compartmental and non-compartmental analyses, were 8.73 and 13.19 L/kg, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences when the major pharmacokinetic parameters were compared.It was concluded that the pharmacokinetic behaviour of doxycycline in goats after intramuscular administration is characterized by a three-compartment model with a slow terminal elimination phase. Based on current knowledge, this could be due to enterohepatic recycling and/or flip-flop kinetics. The study indicated that a single intramuscular administration of 20 mg/kg of doxycycline may only provide therapeutic concentrations for up to 24 h owing to slow absorption at the injection site.Abbreviations ATCC American Type Culture Collection - AVC total area under the plasma concentration-time curve - AUMC area under the curve of the product from time zero to infinity - C1 total body clearance - i.m. intramuscular - i.v. intravenous - MRT mean residence time - MIC minimum inhibitory concentration - PVP polyvinyl pyrolidone - V_d volume of distribution - V _dss volume of distribution at steady state     

盐酸多西环素临床治疗异育银鲫嗜水气单胞菌感染的给药方案的制定

通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC法)测定盐酸多西环素在异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)血清中不同时间点的血药浓度,并结合药物的体外药效学参数,确定该药的临床给药方案。结果显示,盐酸多西环素对嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila,AH10)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.4μg/m L,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为3.2μg/m L,防耐药突变浓度(MPC)为4.8μg/m L,耐药选择窗(MSW)为0.4~4.8μg/m L。盐酸多西环素的抗菌后效应(PAE)约为2 h;在异育银鲫中能够达到良好的抑菌杀菌效果的盐酸多西环素口灌剂量是20 mg/kg,休药期至少为25 d;能够控制耐药菌株产生的盐酸多西环素口灌剂量是80 mg/kg,休药期至少为60 d。     

基于偏最小二乘回归同时测定阿莫西林和多四环素含量

阿莫西林和多四环素在紫外光谱区间吸收峰附近有多重共线现象,紫外分光光度法难以准确测出2种物质各自含量.本文通过L16(45)正交实验设计,采集200~250 nm波长混合样品吸收光谱,数据经标准化处理,建立偏最小二乘回归预报数学模型.结果显示,该法计算阿莫西林和多四环素的预测相对误差(RPE)分别为3.13%和6.42%,平均加标回收率分别为100.34%和100.71%.该法简便快捷,准确可靠,样品无需预先分离.     

多西环素在鸡粪中吸附-解吸附行为及影响因素研究

通过批处理平衡试验,研究了养殖业中广泛使用的典型兽药抗生素多西环素在鸡排泄物中的吸附和解吸附行为及机制,以及pH、离子类型与强度等因素对解吸附的影响。结果表明:多西环素在鸡粪中吸附过程呈现L型吸附,等温线为非线性,吸附和解吸附过程可以用Freundlich方程进行拟合;多西环素在鸡粪中解吸附能力与溶液pH和离子强度相关,在pH6时,pH越小,鸡粪中多西环素解吸附能力越强,且pH 2和pH 4间解吸附量差异显著(P0.05),pH≥6时,解吸附能力没有明显变化;在0.01 mol·L~(-1)离子强度下,二价Ca~(2+)离子对鸡粪中多西环素解吸附能力比一价Na~+和K~+有增强趋势,但差异不显著,而在0.1 mol·L~(-1)离子强度下,NO_3~-和Ca~(2+)离子对鸡粪中多西环素解吸附能力与其他离子比较差异极显著(P0.01)。研究表明:酸雨和化学肥料的施用能促进动物粪便中多西环素的解吸附,对水体和土壤环境存在迁移风险,但在对粪肥处理时,一定的酸性和离子环境有助于残留抗生素的析出与降解。     

长效盐酸多西环素注射液在猪体内残留的消除规律

在常规饲养条件下,对35头健康成年猪按10 mg/kg体质量的剂量肌肉注射10%长效盐酸多西环素注射液,给药2次,给药间隔时间为48 h。第2次给药后12 h及2、5、9、14、192、5 d分别屠宰5头猪,分别采取每头猪的肌肉、肝脏、肾脏、皮肤+脂肪和注射位点肌肉等5种组织,用高效液相色谱法进行残留量测定。结果表明:在第2次给药后19 d,多西环素在各组织均能检测到,且残留均低于残留限量。多西环素残留浓度大小顺序:注射部位(肾脏(肝脏(皮脂(肌肉。采用WT1.4软件制定的统计方法来处理猪组织中药物浓度-时间数据,以制定休药期。