投入产出视角下区域经济增长关键因素实证研究

随着国内区域之间争夺项目、资本的白热化,以土地吸引资本、资本推动经济的增长模式难以为继,各开发区开始纷纷寻求新的经济增长模式,因此研究影响开发区经济增长的关键因素,能为寻求新的开发区经济增长源提供理论依据,对有效推动开发区经济增长具有重要意义。笔者从投入产出角度综合了各种影响因素,研究开发区经济增长的关键因素,并通过对苏州工业园区数据进行多元线性及非线性回归验证,做出技术、知识、市场发展和土地开发程度将取代资本和劳动力规模成为关键经济增长源的结论。     

浙江省生态公益林区划界定现状和建设建议

简要介绍了浙江省生态公益林区划界定的工作成果。对生态公益林的各种林种划分，区域分布，林分质量现状等进行了分析。提出了加快生态公益林营建，强化管理以及加大投入和建立补偿机制等方面的建议。     

应用均匀设计研究电场刺激及培养因素对甘蓝叶原生质体分裂频率的影响

应用均匀设计法探讨了电场刺激及培养因素对甘蓝叶原生质体分裂频率的影响。结果表明 ,电场方向和强度强烈地影响细胞分裂频率。培养成分对细胞分裂频率均有不同程度的影响。均匀设计能筛选最优的植物原生质体培养条件或培养基。结合“回归 -通径”分析 ,有效地综合评判和研究了各培养成分对原生质体分裂频率的作用     

The inhibition of growth by sub-optimal temperatures and the potential for selection at the cellular level

Summary At present research into the inhibition of plant growth by sub-optimal temperatures is concerned with the examination of a large number of factors. No single aspect of the response to temperature has been found to be of paramount importance. As a consequence selection for low temperature tolerance is complicated.Here a new approach is proposed in which inhibition of cell division is regarded as a limiting process in growth under sub-optimal temperatures, and the role of other processes as the supply of substrate for cell division. This approach may be of use in the examination of the response of plant growth to temperature and could form the basis of a method for screening and selection for cold tolerance using cells in culture.Guestworker Project Group Tomato Physiology.     

Occurrence of 2n gametes in the F1 hybrids of Oriental × Asiatic lilies (Lilium): Relevance to intergenomic recombination and backcrossing

Cytological modes of the origin of 2n gametes were investigated in six different genotypes of F₁ hybrids between Oriental and Asiatic (OA) lilies (Lilium, 2n = 2x = 24). Chromosome pairing between the parental genomes was very low, the average frequency range from 0.3 to 1.2 bivalents per cell among the genotypes. Within a genotype the frequency of bivalents varied from 0 to 6 in some cases. The normally occurring haploid pollen grains were totally sterile. In contrast, in different genotypes, variable percentages of 2n pollen were found and shown to be fertile as estimated from pollen germination. A cytological analysis of Metaphase I and subsequent stages of meiosis using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) revealed that there was intergenomic recombination between the alien genomes. Following Metaphase I stage, three different types of abnormal cytological events led to the formation of 2n pollen: (i) Post-Metaphase I division (PMI), (ii) Post-Metaphase II division (PMII) and (iii) Asymmetric Cytokinesis of the pollen mother cell followed by chromosome division. All three cytological events led to first division restitution (FDR) gametes. Based on in vitro pollen germination it was proved for two genotypes that 2n pollen was viable only during the first day of anthesis. It was possible to use 2n pollen successfully for backcrossing. Implications of 2n pollen for intergenomic recombination in BC₁ progenies are discussed.     

Reproductive Behavior of Hexaploid/Diploid Wheat Hybrids 1

The bottleneck restricting introgression of useful genes directly from diploid into hexaploid wheats is the low number of BC₁F₁ seeds obtained. In crosses between hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; AABBDD) and Aegilops squarrosa L. (DD) or T. urartu Thum. (AA), this bottleneck may be overcome simply by pollinating a sufficient number of F₁ spikes. However, hybrids between hexaploid wheat cultivars (T. aestivum) and T. monococcum L. (AA) generally are highly female-sterile, often having no pistils. One T. monococcum accession, PI 355520, when crossed with T. aestivum, produced hybrids with female fertility in the same range as that of T. aestivum/A. squarrosa or T. aestivum/T. urartu hybrids, ca. 0.5 to 1.0 backcross seed per spike. We found that female fertility was controlled by two duplicate genes in PI 355520, and that this accession can be used as a bridging parent to introgress genes from other T. monococcum accessions into hexaploid wheat. Pairing of homologous chromosomes was less frequent and weaker in such crosses than in T. aestivum/A. squarrosa crosses, but homoeologous bivalents occurred at a rate of almost 0.5 II per cell. Restitution division was detected in crosses involving all three diploid species and was confirmed cytologically in crosses with PI 355520. Chromosome numbers of BC₁F₁ plants ranged from 35 to 67; plants with 49 or more chromosomes occurred at frequencies of 0.09 to 0.21 among progeny of A. squarrosa and T. urartu and 0.29 in progeny of T. aestivum/T. monococcum crosses involving PI 355520. These results are consistent with those of previous studies, demonstrating the potential of direct Hexaploid/diploid crosses for rapidly introgressing useful genes into Hexaploid wheat with minimum disturbance of the background genotype.     

Breeding behavior for tuber protein in Solanum tuberosum and Tuberosum-phureja hybrids

Summary True protein content among tubers within a plant of Solanum tuberosum cv. Oneida was found to be negatively correlated with tuber size. A similar study of S. phureja genotype 148-17 revealed no correlation. Tuber protein was determined for 250 genotypes in each of four hybrid potato populations in a factorial mating design with four potato cultivars as stylar parents mated to four groups of pollen parents (4x cultivars, 4x high protein selections, 2x S. phureja, 2x high protein S. phureja). The hybrid population derived from the 4x high protein selections was significantly higher in protein content than the other populations. High estimates of general combining ability for tuber protein content were found for both stylar and pollen parents. Poor photoperiodic adaptation to growing conditions in northern latitudes was a possible explanation for the variable protein phenotypes typical of S. phureja and the lack of transmission of the high protein character in phureja to 4x-2x hybrids. Although protein content was negatively correlated with total yield, high protein segregates with good yield potential were identified in all four populations.Scientific Journal Series Article 11, 616 of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.     

中国荞麦优势区域布局与发展研究

荞麦是重要的粮食作物和药用植物资源，也中国传统的出口农产品。通过分析中国荞麦生产现状、优势与分布特点，按照荞麦优势区域布局规划原则和指导思想，进行荞麦优势区域布局研究，坚持以市场为导向，以提高荞麦国际市场竞争力为核心，以科技创新与推广为动力，通过品种改良、结构优化、改善品质，强化市场营销，构建具有中国特色的荞麦产业发展体系。提出通过建立荞麦出口生产基地，增加科技投入，培育龙头企业等措施促进中国荞麦产业发展。研究结果对发展中西部特色农业和主产区农民致富具有重要意义。     

中国普通小麦生态区划及生态分类Ⅰ中国普通小麦生态区划

提出了由小麦气候生态区、地理生态区、栽培生态区及品种区域四级所构建的小麦生态区划体系。将中国普通小麦划分为５大气候生态区和２０个地理生态区，即：Ⅰ北方温带春麦气候生态区，包括东北、华北和西北３个春麦地理生态区；Ⅱ黄淮海暖温带冬麦气候生态区，包括海河流域、黄土高原、胶东沿海、华北平原、黄河中游丘陵川地和淮北平原６个冬麦地理生态区；Ⅲ南方亚热带（热带）秋（冬）播春麦气候生态区，包括长江中下游平原、秦巴山地、南方山地、四川盆地、云南高原、川贵高原６个秋播春麦地理生态区和华南冬播春麦地理生态区；Ⅳ新疆内陆冬春麦气候生态区，包括北疆春冬麦和南疆冬春麦两个地理生态区；Ⅴ青藏高原春冬麦气候生态区，包括青海春麦和西藏冬春麦两个地理生态区。