Assesment of the Ecological Vulnerability on Sandy Desertification in the West of Northeast China

利用生态脆弱度的灰色评判法建立了沙质荒漠化的干扰－应变关系，进而求算了不同荒漠化程度样地的生态脆弱度，结合气候、地貌、植被、土壤等特征指标对东北西部沙质荒漠化地区土地荒漠化作出评价：该区的土地沙质荒漠化可分为强度沙漠化、中度沙漠化、轻度沙漠化、微度沙漠化、潜在沙漠化五个级别，各等级及其相应的生态脆弱性、植被群落多样性、群落稳定性等指标可用于中小尺度的荒漠化土地评价图的绘制，其可作为土地荒漠化防治的重要理论依据．     

中国甘肃东北部地区东方蜜蜂(Apis cerana)形态学研究

本研究采集甘肃东北部地区泾川蜂场、庄浪蜂场和平凉蜂场的东方蜜蜂Apis cerana43群,采样点地貌包括山地、丘陵和平原。运用蜜蜂形态学研究方法对东方蜜蜂40个形态特征指标进行测量分析。运用SPSS13.0对蜜蜂形态数据进行方差分析、主成分分析、聚类分析及环境因子相关性分析。研究结果表明:甘肃东北部地区不同采样点东方蜜蜂形态特征指标存在显著差异,而且与环境因素显著相关。     

Reconstructing 100-150 years of logging history in coastal spruce forest (Picea abies) with special conservation values in central Norway

Coastal spruce forests of central Norway harbour a unique assemblage of epiphytic lichens and are given high priority with respect to conservation of biodiversity. To assess the historical impact of logging during the last 100-150 yrs, 31 remnant stands were studied by means of tree-ring analysis of 2199 trees and the decay stage of 1605 stumps. No stands had been clear-cut, but all had been selectively logged at least twice during the last 150 yrs. Total harvested timber volume ranged from 65 to 409 m³ha-¹ (31-124% of present-day standing volume) and the selective logging kept standing volume low (40-200 m³ha-¹) during 1890-1930. Present-day stand characteristics were strongly correlated with site productivity and topographic position within the ravine valleys. Low amounts of dead wood at sites with high historical logging activity was the only consistent relationship found after covariance of site productivity, topographic position and deciduous trees were taken into account. The results indicate that old-growth stand characteristics, such as reversed J-shaped age distributions and dead wood in advanced decay classes, can be obtained 100-150 yrs after intensive selective logging.     

Rapid Economic Change,the Nutrition Transition and Its Effects on the Structure of Consumption: The Nutrition Transition in China

SUMMARY

Economic, demographic, and technological changes have led to a marked shift in the diet structure and the distribution of body composition in many regions of the world. Such changes include rapid reduction in fertility and aging of the population, urbanization, epidemiological transition, and the uneven distribution of the effect of economic reform. Research presented for China shows that it is undergoing a marked shift in its diet, activity, and nutritional status patterns. This paper presents data on the shifts in the structure of food decision-making and the associated body composition shifts.     

金融海啸形势下我国林产工业的发展

阐述全球金融海啸对我国经济的影响,分析我国的经济形势,结合我国林业产业的现状,提出我国企业应对金融海啸、实现由大做强的发展策略。     

A reovirus disease in cultured mud crab, Scylla serrata, in southern China

A reovirus, designated mud crab reovirus (MCRV), associated with large economic losses was recently isolated from marine cultured mud crab, Scylla serrata, in southern China. The complete viral particle is 70 nm in diameter, icosahedral and non-enveloped. The virus infects connective tissue cells of the hepatopancreas, gills and intestine in mud crab and develops in the cytoplasm. Hundred per cent mortality was observed in mud crab experimentally infected by intramuscular injection, bath inoculation and oral inoculation, while cohabitation infection caused 80% mortality. The viral genome consists of 13 linear dsRNA segments, with an electrophoretic pattern 1/5/7. The results of this study suggest that the virus is highly pathogenic and can be transmitted enterically as well as via the body surface of mud crab. Although the genomic organization of this virus is different from that of the other crab reoviruses, CcRV-W2 and DpPV, all three of these reoviruses have similar electrophoresis patterns. Therefore, MCRV may be a new member of the DpPV and CcRV-W2 group.     

留学生与马克思主义妇女观在中国的传播

在马克思主义妇女观传入中国的过程中,留学生起了举足轻重的作用。无论是辛亥革命前,还是十月革命后,留学生们都不遗余力地介绍和传播了马克思主义妇女观,为马克思主义妇女观在中国的全面运用和发展奠定了重要基础。     

21世纪中国的地区粮食结构预测

解放以后，中国的地区粮食生产发生了巨大变化。１９８４年以来，总的变化趋势是：粮食生产从南方地区向北方地区转移。虽然目前还没有明显转移到西部地区，但从发展的观点看，西部地区将成为中国的在粮食生产的区域之一。在２０３０年，中国的粮食产量将达到７亿Ｔ，东部、中部和西部地区分别占３５％５０％和１５％，坍民北方地区的比例是１：１．５     

韩、日和中国台湾地区处理新农村建设中若干重大关系的比较

借鉴韩国、日本和中国台湾地区新农村建设经验,在新农村建设中,要处理好若干重大关系,主要有政府主导作用和农民主体作用的关系、现代农业建设与环境保护和城市发展的关系、耕地经营规模理想模式和耕地难以集中的现实关系、个体小农经济与合作经济的关系、加强农业投入和确定投入比例重点的关系,以此加速推进社会主义新农村的建设进程。