The Brief Introduction to the Sino-US Joint Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection

Erosion and transport of soil has worldwide implications for agriculture, landscape stability, climate, natural hazards, and clean, renewable resources of water and air. Assured access to clean water and a healthy and safe environment requires an ethic of conservation and protection. The minimum scale in which these principles apply successfully is basin wide. These are the fundamental concerns of the Sino-US Centers for Soil and Water Conservation and Environmental Protection.     

中西药结合预防肉鸡腹水综合征的临床试及防治机理探讨

将一日龄艾维因肉仔鸡(雌雄各半)180只在同一舍内饲养,14日龄时将其随机分成4组,其中Ⅰ、Ⅱ组饲料按1％分别添加我们研制的方剂一和方剂二,连续用药15d,为药物预防组;Ⅲ组在饲料中按0.05％添加肾肿腹水消,连用7d(药品要求的预防剂量),为药物对照组;Ⅳ组饲料中不添加任何药物,为空白对照组。Ⅰ-Ⅳ组发病率分别为0、10％、3％和20％,42d时Ⅰ、Ⅳ组体重高于其它组,Ⅰ平均体重为1972.92g,Ⅳ组平均体重为1989.91g。试验表明方剂一为该试验条件下预防肉鸡腹水综合征最有效的方剂,其保护率可达100％,且不影响出栏重。对方剂一预防肉鸡腹水综合征的机理进行探讨。     

土壤养分位与广义氧化还原电极电势

 根据广义氧化还原理论,给出了土壤溶液中NH₄⁺,P,Ca等养料成份的广义氧化还原电极电势。与养分位比较,用广义氧化还原电极电势来量度土壤养分有效度具有较多的优越性。     

High frequency embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration from mature caryposis of big bluestem and little bluestem

Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) and little bluestem [Schizachyrium scoparium (Michaux) Nash.] are native to the North America and are important forage grasses and ornamental grasses. Both grasses are proposed as ideal biomass producers for cellulosic ethanol production. To apply genetic transformation, which is an important tool for incorporating desirable agronomic traits into plants to both species, however requires an efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol. We used mature caryopses from big and little bluestem as explants and tested the effect of various combinations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 mg l⁻¹) and kinetin (KT) (0, 0.1 or 0.2 mg l⁻¹) on embryogenic callus induction with LS as the basal medium. The highest percentage of embryogenic calli induction occurred on medium containing 2, 4-D alone at 2 mg l⁻¹ for ‘Bison’ and on medium containing 4 mg l⁻¹ 2, 4-D alone for ‘Bonilla’ big bluestem. For little bluestem, the highest percentage of embryogenic callus induction occurred on medium containing 3 mg l⁻¹ 2, 4-D plus 0.1 mg l⁻¹ kinetin, suggesting that addition of KT is beneficial. Shoot regeneration took place on LS basal medium without any plant growth regulator for both species, although the addition of KT increased both regeneration frequency and the number of shoots produced per callus. Rooting of shoots reaching about 2 cm long occurred readily with or without α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Rooted plantlets were all successfully established in the soil.     

中日森林文化比较研究及启示

日本是一个森林大国，拥有着丰富的森林资源和森林文化，其教训和经验对中国乃至全世界的后工业化国家都有着很大的启发和借鉴意义。对日本的森林状况进行回顾和评价，从其森林思想中汲取精华，不断挖掘森林文化所蕴藏的丰富含义，恢复和弘扬森林文化，这对中国正在开展的生态文明建设以及解决环境问题都能提供思考和帮助。     

电子政务环境下政府信息资源共享模式探索

电子政务环境下政府信息资源共享是多种社会动力共同作用的结果.构建信息公开发布、增值开发、公共数据中心和政务信息交换平台四种政府信息资源共享模式,破除阻碍我国电子政务环境下政府信息资源共享的各种因素,是贯彻落实党的十七大提出的构建和谐社会、以人为本,使全社会成员享受改革开放成果的执政理念的必然要求.     

水匮乏指数在区域水安全评价中的应用

针对水安全问题,以农垦红兴隆分局为例,采用水匮乏指数和样本均值-标准差分级法对红兴隆分局下属12个农场2006年的水安全状况进行了评价和分级,并根据分级结果提出了相应的对策。结果表明,八五三和红旗岭农场的WPI值处于安全状态,水安全状况最为乐观;饶河农场的WPI值处于较高安全状态,水安全状况较好;友谊、五九七、八五二、二九一和江川农场的WPI值处于中等安全状态,水安全保障体系有待于进一步加强;北兴农场的WPI值处于较低安全状态,水安全状况较差;而双鸭山、曙光和宝山农场的WPI值处于不安全状态,水安全状况最差。     

集雨限灌对旱作马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响

在大田条件下研究了集雨有限补偿灌溉对旱区马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,补灌能显著提高旱作马铃薯的产量、水分利用效率和经济系数。与对照相比,补灌处理产量增幅在3.99%~21.21%之间,苗期补灌产量高于薯块膨大期补灌,苗期补灌45 mm具有超补偿效应,补灌90 mm具有高补偿效应。低定额补灌有利于水分利用效率和灌水利用效率的提高,且苗期补灌高于薯块膨大期补灌。补灌明显降低了薯块小薯率而提高了大薯率和中薯率,另外单株薯重也提高了,单株薯重与大薯率对马铃薯的产量贡献最大。综合分析认为苗期补灌45 mm和90 mm是最优补灌方案和备选方案。     

加快松溪县农业产业化发展的思考

基于目前中国农业经营模式的基础上，分析了松溪县农业产业化的现状．对该县农业产业化发展的优势与劣势进行了探讨，并针对松溪县的农业产业化发展困境，提出了促进该县农业产业化快速发展的战略措施。     

法库县抗旱工作现状分析及应对措施

为了进一步提高法库县防旱减灾能力,做好水旱灾害防范与处置工作,针对法库县旱灾发生规律及特点,结合实际抗旱能力,制定了法库县农村抗旱规划。从工程和非工程两方面分析了抗旱工作中存在的问题和制约因素,并提出相应措施,以实现科学抗灾、减灾。