木塑复合材料家具在户外家具中的应用研究

概述了木塑及木塑家具的概念,从广义和狭义角度介绍了户外家具的类别,认为木塑复合材料家具的风格主要集中在休闲、自然、简约,而其连接方式主要是动态载荷,采用的是传统的机械连接方式。总结了木塑复合材料常见的破坏情况及相应的处理方法。最后针对木塑复合材料户外家具存在的问题,提出了相应的解决策略。     

响应面法优化制备竹粉-LDPE复合材料

选取偶联剂用量、润滑剂用量及抗氧剂用量3个因素进行D-optimal设计,运用响应面法对竹塑复合材料的制备工艺参数进行优化,得到各响应值与试验因素之间的定量数学关系模型,以及各单因素对响应值的交互影响,确定竹塑复合材料制备试验的优化条件为：偶联剂用量5．82％,抗氧剂用量0,润滑剂用量0．50％。在该工艺条件下制得的复合材料各项性能为：拉伸强度13．34MPa,弯曲强度18．74MPa,弯曲模量746．39MPa,冲击韧性6．57kJ／m2,维卡软化温度101．95℃,熔体流动速率为0．89g／10min。     

化学竹浆纤维增强不饱和聚酯复合材料的老化性能

研究了化学竹浆纤维增强不饱和聚酯复合材料在紫外加速老化与湿热老化后力学性能变化与尺寸稳定性.结果表明,在室温与环境湿度下放置1年后,纤维未改性的复合材料弯曲强度无显著变化,弯曲模量下降31.5%;纤维经N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺改性的复合材料弯曲强度下降14.6%,弯曲模量下降37.6%.紫外线加速老化200 h后,纤维未改性的复合材料弯曲强度、弯曲模量与尺寸均无显著变化.湿热老化对复合材料力学性能有显著影响,沸水浸泡2 h后,复合材料弯曲强度保留率为49.4%,弯曲模量保留率为35.6%.     

氧等离子体改性酶解木质素/杨木纤维复合材料热压工艺研究

采用响应面法优化了氧等离子体改性酶解木质素/杨木纤维复合材料的热压工艺参数。结果表明,纤维含水率和热压温度对复合材料的物理力学性能有显著影响。优化后的热压工艺参数范围为:热压温度205～210℃,纤维含水率17%～20%,热压时间63～68 s/mm。     

稻秸/淀粉胶复合材料性能研究

为充分利用农作物废弃物,研究环境友好材料,通过热压成型方法制备稻秸/淀粉胶全降解复合材料。研究了预处理、胶黏剂、增塑剂和阻湿剂含量对复合材料内结合强度(IB)、弯曲强度(FS)、弯曲弹性模量(MOE)、冲击韧性(IR)、拉伸强度(TS)、拉伸模量(MOR)、含水率及2h吸水厚度膨胀率的影响,并观察了复合材料细观表面。结果表明:水热处理复合材料力学性能除IB外均较高;含胶量为10%时力学性能除MOR外均较高;1%增塑剂提高了IB、FS及TS,2%增塑剂提高了IS,增塑剂对MOE和MOR有负面影响;阻湿剂降低了复合材料力学性能。增塑剂、阻湿剂均能不同程度的增大复合材料MC。复合材料2h吸水厚度膨胀率大,防水性能差。复合材料基体和增强体两相界面结合存在明显缝隙、空洞及分层现象。     

一种新型绿色复合材料——柔性木质纤维复合板的生产工艺

随着低碳经济和绿色节能环保经济的发展,绿色环保型复合材料已成为新材料科学领域研究的热点之一。本文主要阐述了由湖南省林业科学院研发的柔性木质纤维复合板的性能及技术参数、生产工艺、市场前景与经济效益、项目产业化优势。该产品可广泛用于室内地板、家具贴面、整体橱柜、室内装饰、包装材料等领域。生产过程低碳节能、对环境无污染;使用过程中无甲醛、苯等有害物质释放。其市场前景十分广阔,并具有显著的经济效益,是一种资源节约、环境友好、低碳节能的新型材料。     

Analysis and characterization of microstructures of a TiO2/bamboo charcoal composite and modified poplar veneer

A type of TiO 2 /bamboo charcoal composite made by a dip-dry method was loaded onto wood veneer with a vacuumpressure method in order to prepare modified poplar veneer.The pore structure parameters and surface morphology of the TiO 2 /bamboo charcoal composite were determined and analyzed by means of a porosimetry analyzer and SEM.The results show that the surface morphology of the composite does not change after being loaded with nano TiO 2.However,its specific surface area (359.814 m 2 ·g-1),pore volume (0.317 cm 3 ·g-1) and average pore diameter (3.526 nm) increased;particularly the cumulative volume of pores was increased by 65.83%.In addition,the distribution range of the pores was wider than that of the bamboo charcoal.Combining the SEM of unmodified and modified poplar veneer,the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that actually some TiO 2 compounds,i.e.,4.08%,are imbedded in the modified poplar veneer.     

Properties of PEG/thermally modified wood flour/polypropylene (PP) composites

In order to improve the dimensional stability of wood-polymer composites, wood flour pre-treated by polyethylene glyco1 (PEG) at two different concentrations and then thermally treated at 140°C, was used as raw material to produce wood flour/polypropylene (PP) composites at a wood content of 40%. The structure of modified wood flour was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its effect on the physical and mechanical properties of wood flour/PP composites was evaluated. The SEM results indicated the "bulking" effect of PEG on wood flour, which resulted in reduced water uptake. The combination of PEG and heat treatment further improved the moisture resistance of the composites. However, PEG modification had a negative effect on the flexural modulus of rupture (MOR) and the modulus of elasticity (MOE); whereas heat treatment partly compensated for this reduction. For dynamic mechanical properties, PEG treatment decreased the storage modulus (E′). However, the heat treatment resulted in an increase of E′ of the wood flour/PP composites, with the temperature of loss factor peaks shifting to a higher temperature.     

竹纤维/聚丙烯复合材料的耐老化性能

采用挤出成型制备了竹粉增强聚丙烯复合材料,研究竹粉/聚丙烯复合材料在紫外加速老化与湿热老化后的力学性能变化与尺寸稳定性.结果表明:在紫外线加速老化200 h后,复合材料的弯曲强度与弯曲模量无显著变化,试件宽度与厚度在紫外加速老化前后也无显著改变;但湿热老化对复合材料的弯曲强度与弯曲模量有显著影响,在沸水中浸泡2h后,复...     

硅气凝胶在木材-纳米无机质复合材料中的应用

气凝胶是一种新型的纳米多孔结构材料,具有可在纳米尺度控制和剪载的连续的三维网络结构,具有许多优异的性能和广阔的应用前案。结合气凝胶的制备过程,阐述了气凝胶的概念、性能、CO2超临界干燥工艺,探讨了硅气凝胶与木材的结合方式,随着二氧化硅气凝胶在木材科学与技术中的应用,必将给无机质复合木材的研究带来新的动力。