东方红1004/1204拖拉机逆行器设计开发

介绍了一种采用并联功率流定轴轮系结构的拖拉机新型逆行器的设计开发,着重叙述了该型逆行器的结构特点和设计方法。     

Non-commercial invertebrate discards in an experimental trammel net fishery

Abstract  Non-commercial invertebrate discards in an experimental trammel net fishery were studied in relation to selectivity of the gear, depth, soak time and season. Forty experimental fishing trials were carried out over a 1-year period with six combinations of small mesh (100, 120 and 140 mm) inner and large mesh (600 and 800 mm) outer panels. On average, 43.8 ± 12.2 (SD) (individuals 1000 m⁻¹ of net) of non-commercial invertebrates were discarded, accounting for 48% and 65% of the total catch and total discards by numbers, respectively. Within non-commercial invertebrates discards, the six most abundant species by number were Phallusia mammillata (Cuvier) (27.5%), Cymbium olla (L.) (13.0%), Sphaerechinus granularis (Lamarck) (11.3%), Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck) (10.9%), Astropartus mediterraneus (Risso) (8.2%) and Astropecten aranciacus (L.) (8.1%); Echinoderms (43.1%) particularly important. The highest and lowest discard ratios were found in autumn and winter, respectively. Discards generally decreased with depth, varied considerably in relation to soak time and were not related to mesh size combinations. Trammel nets seem to be the most important gear in terms of ecological impacts on benthic invertebrates compared with other coastal fishing gears and at the depths studied (15–60 m).     

直线共轭内啮合齿轮泵齿轮接触强度的有限元分析

针对采用传统经验公式分析计算齿轮泵齿轮接触强度存在计算过程相当复杂、繁琐,误差较大的问题.在分析齿轮受力情况基础上,采用有限元法对直线共轭内啮合齿轮泵齿轮接触强度进行计算,并与经验公式计算的接触强度进行比较分析.结果表明,两种方法计算结果基本吻合,证实了采用有限元法分析计算的可行性与优越性,为直线共轭内啮合齿轮泵齿轮的设计、选材提供了一种新的方法,具有一定的工程应用价值.     

3D Studio MAX下制作齿轮及蜗杆模型的方法

基于3D Studio MAX制作直齿圆柱齿轮模型的方法主要是使用编辑修改器对几何形体的次对象进行编辑修改，从而形成轮齿，过程稍显繁琐。然而，在此模型基础上，利用截面与放样命令却可以很简便地制作其它较复杂的齿轮模型。尤其是使用放样命令，在蜗杆及其类似模型制作方面有着事半功倍的效果。     

冷挤压技术在圆柱齿轮成形中的应用

论述了采用冷挤压工艺代替传统的切削加工生产直齿圆柱齿轮的优点,并且对直齿圆柱齿轮零件进行了冷挤压工艺过程分析,拟制了新的工艺方案,又对模具结构进行了合理的设计,提高了金属的填充能力,并降低了成形压力。     

捕捞网具逃逸死亡研究进展

幼鱼及非目标种类兼捕已成为许多网具作业共同存在的问题,提高网具选择性能是降低这种兼捕的重要途径。但是选择性能研究主要是基于从网具中逃逸后的鱼类较轻遭受到网具损害并最终存活。如果逃逸死亡率较高,即使选择性提高也是无宜的,因此应当将鱼类逃逸后生存能力作为网具改进效果的评价指标。本文主要由以下三个部分组成:(1)逃逸后死亡的主要影响因素概述,主要包括网具特征、作业时间、作业深度、渔获种类及体长、渔获量及环境因子等;(2)逃逸死亡对资源量和渔业管理决策的影响;(3)总结了近年来通过网具革新措施提高存活率的最新研究概况,如逃逸网片、分离栅及新型材料的应用等。综合分析,认为采取保护幼鱼和非目标种类的一系列措施尽管能够提高鱼类从网具的逃逸几率,但是并不能降低遭遇网具的概率,实施禁渔区、禁渔期制度管理,避免在幼鱼资源高密度区和产卵季节作业是降低这种未报告死亡的最重要的途径。     

一种灵活的防振荡结线

长葛市佛耳岗水库水电站电抗分流式发电机并列运行时，出现剧烈无功振荡。采用副绕组顺转120°接电抗器，改变抽头位置，增设双投开关，解决了振荡问题，给电站提供了多种运行方式。     

Prediction of watermelon quality based on vibration spectrum

Judging watermelon quality based on its apparent properties such as size or skin color is difficult. A non-destructive method is employed here, based on vibrational response spectrum, to determine the quality indices of watermelon (Charleston gray). The responses of samples to vibration excitation were recorded by laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). The phase shift between input and output signals were extracted over a wide frequency range. The total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and TSS/TA ratio also measured as watermelon quality characters. Stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) as well as partial least square regression (PLS) was applied to extracted vibration spectrums to construct prediction models of watermelon quality. The results showed that performance of SMLR models were better than PLS. The determination coefficients (R²) of SMLR validation models were 0.9976, 0.9985 and 0.9542 for TSS, TA and TSS/TA respectively. It is likely that reduction of cell wall materials to soluble solids during ripening process changes viscoelastic properties of watermelon reflected by vibrational response. This study demonstrated the feasibility of mentioned method for predicting the quality of watermelons in an industrial grading system.     

网络环境下专业图书馆工作的转变

本文论述了网络环境下专业图书馆转变业务工作的措施及需要注意的问题。     

便携式绞盘机减速器的研制

便携式绞盘机采用的链条链轮式少齿差行星轮减速器，是一种新型减速器。该减速器重量轻，结构紧凑。使用该减速器能大大地降低绞盘机的重量，扩大绞盘机在林区木材生产作业中应用范围。