晚清输入域外法律文化的选择

晚清的变法修律,是通过参照域外先进法律文化来完成的。在输入域外法律文化时,晚清经历了一个选择过程。最终选择以大陆法系为参照法系、以日本为参照对象国,优先输入公法文化,再逐步引进私法文化,实现了中国法制由传统向近代的转型。晚清政府之所以作出这样的选择,既有主观原因,也有客观原因;既受到国内因素的制约,也受到国际因素的影响。在当时的时代背景下,晚清在输入域外法律文化时所作的选择,不是偶然的,具有一定的历史必然性。     

微博、微信在民办高校心理健康教育的运用分析

本文就主要对微博、微信的特点、民办高校大学生的心理特点、对民办高校心理健康教 育的影响,以及如何运用微博、微信做好民办高校心理健康教育工作做具体陈述。     

农村宅基地复垦中政府和社会资本合作机制研究——以TS县农村宅基地整治复垦为例

分析了农村宅基地复垦中土地用途转变后的土地资产专用性及城乡建设用地增减挂钩指标交易过程中的交易不确定性,建立了基于社会资本视角的宅基地复垦中政府和社会资本合作机制关键点的分析框架。结果表明,降低土地资产专用性以及城乡建设用地增减挂钩指标交易过程中的交易不确定性带来的交易费用是农村宅基地复垦中政府和社会资本合作机制的关键。     

论云与天气的联系

云的形成、演变和天气变化有着密切联系。云的产生和消散以及各类云之间的演变和转化,都是在一定的水汽条件和大气运动的条件下进行的。通过连续观测云的生消演变,可以预测未来几小时甚至未来1~2d的天气。云的观测对短时、临近天气预报有一定的参考价值。     

私有林林农补贴偏好影响因素分析——基于南方集体林区林农问卷调查的实证研究

林农是南方集体林区最基本的林业经营微观主体,其经营意愿的高低必将影响林业经济的发展。对私有林进行补贴是激励林农提高其经营意愿,促进私有林健康、持续发展的重要手段。为降低制度供求矛盾,提高补贴制度实施效果,私有林补贴制度的设计必须立足于制度受益者林农的真实政策需求。基于此,设计问卷调查南方9省集体林区林农对补贴制度的偏好,并运用Logistic模型分析林农补贴偏好的影响因素,以求制度设计的合理性。分析得出,由于林农所处环境迥异,对补贴方式的偏好有较大的差异,但偏好的不同折射出林农在经营中的瓶颈,也为补贴制度设计提供了方向。     

Simulating private land ownership fragmentation in the Missouri Ozarks, USA

Increasing land ownership fragmentation in the United States is causing concerns with respect to its ecological implications for forested landscapes. This is especially relevant given that human influence is one of the most significant driving forces affecting the forest landscape. A method for generating realistic land ownership maps is needed to evaluate the effects of ownership fragmentation on forest landscapes in combination with other natural processes captured in forest process models. Ownership patterns from human activities usually generate landscape boundary shapes different from those arising from natural processes. Spatial characteristics among ownership types – e.g., private, public ownership – may also differ. To address these issues, we developed the Fragmented Land Ownership Spatial Simulator (FLOSS) to generate ownership patterns that reflect the Public Land Survey System (PLSS) shapes and various patch size distributions among different types of ownership (e.g., private, public). To evaluate FLOSS performance, we compared the simulated patterns with various ownership fragmentation levels to the actual ownership patterns in the Missouri Ozarks by using selected landscape indices. FLOSS generated landscapes with spatial characteristics similar to actual landscapes, suggesting that it can simulate different levels of ownership fragmentation. This will allow FLOSS to serve as a feasible tool for evaluating forest management applications by spatially allocating various management scenarios in a realistic way. The potentials and limitations of FLOSS application are discussed.     

Scaling up of Sustainable Land Management in the Western People's Republic of China: Evaluation of a 10‐Year Partnership

The People's Republic of China‐Global Environment Facility Partnership to Combat Land Degradation in Dryland Ecosystems promotes an integrated ecosystem management (IEM) approach to restore, sustain and enhance the productive capacity of dryland ecosystems. This paper provides an analysis and synthesis of the funding strategies, methods and approaches that have been applied and tested under the Partnership to pilot and scale up IEM and sustainable land management (SLM) practices in the western People's Republic of China under its first 10 years. On the basis of a mix of methods using literature reviews, data collection at selected pilot sites through household questionnaire surveys, stakeholder workshops and field sampling, the following lessons were generated: (i) mainstreaming of IEM into relevant policy and development frameworks has been the most effective way of mobilizing funding for scaling up of SLM; (ii) SLM best practices need to be combined with economic incentives for land users, and pilot demonstrations of SLM need to be integrated into larger investment programmes to achieve impacts and economies of scale; (iii) market‐based approaches to scaling up of SLM, such as payment for ecosystem services and public–private partnerships, have a role to play, but cost–benefit analysis need to be better integrated into payment schemes; (iv) the economic benefits of carbon sequestration are too low to fund eco‐compensation schemes on their own but can provide supplementary funding; and (v) land degradation and SLM monitoring and assessment systems should be multiscale to support decision‐making on SLM and to monitor impact from the local to the national level. Copyright © 2014 Asian Development Bank     

大连地区一次暴雨过程的成因分析

2006年7月10日辽东半岛地区出现了暴雨或大暴雨天气,利用常规的天气资料、卫星云图以及MM5模式,对发生在大连地区的这次暴雨天气进行天气形势、水汽条件、动力条件等分析。结果表明,这是一次由高空槽、副高后部切变云系、北上台风的外围云系、地面倒槽相互作用引起的对流天气过程。切变线云系中不断产生并发展加强的多个中-β尺度对流云团是这次过程的直接中尺度系统。MM5模式模拟结果分析揭示了造成此次暴雨时,对流层低层存在很强的西南低空急流,台风充足的水汽配合低层旺盛的西南流场为雨区输送水汽和热量;切变线结构为低层有辐合中心,高层有辐散中心,垂直运动场上对应有强上升运动,为暴雨提供动力条件;暴雨区上空存在着较深厚的高湿水汽柱和高温层,为暴雨的产生提供充足的水汽和能量。暴雨区高层有明显冷气流侵入是产生暴雨天气的触发机制;副热带高压的位置及强度变化对这次暴雨的产生和发展起着重要的作用。     

浅谈民营企业实施名牌战略的途径

随着经济全球化发展,知识经济的兴起使人们对商品需求的层次日益提高,民营企业的产品能否适应市场要求越来越取决于产品的知名度。我国的民营企业在品牌建设的问题上存在着诸多的问题,普遍缺乏对自身品牌的塑造与经营。因此,我国民营企业要做大做强,就必须树立品牌意识,制定名牌战略,并利用当今中国政府鼓励民营企业发展的大好时机,结合我国国情,充分发挥品牌战略的作用,提高企业的核心竞争力。     

我国民营胶园存在的问题及对策分析

分析我国民营胶园的现状,存在的问题及形成这些问题的原因,并据此提出提高民营胶园整体水平的五点建议。