Metabolism mediated interaction of α-asarone and Acorus calamus with CYP3A4 and CYP2D6

The present study was aimed to investigate the possible interaction of the standardized extract of Acorus calamus (AC) with Cytochrome P450 enzyme, quantitative determination of the α-asarone in the AC rhizome was performed by RP-HPLC method. In vitro interaction of the plant extract was evaluated by CYP450-carbon monoxide complex (CYP450-CO) assay. Effect on individual isoforms such as CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isozymes were analyzed through fluorescence product formation and respective IC₅₀ values were determined. CYP450-CO assay showed moderate interaction potential. Extract showed higher IC₅₀ values (46.84 ± 1.83-32.99 ± 2.21 μg/ml) comparing to the standard inhibitors and lower IC₅₀ value than α-asarone (65.16 ± 2.37-42.15 ± 2.45 μg/ml).     

木瓜花瓣花色素及花色苷HPLC定量分析

利用高效液相色谱（HPI,C）法首次定量分析了木瓜（Chaenomeles sinensis）鲜花瓣中花青素3,5-二葡萄糖苷（Cya—nidin3,5-di-O-glucoside,Cy3G5G）、天竺葵色素3,5一二葡萄糖苷（Pelargonidin3,5-di—O-glucoside,Pg3GSG）、花青素3-半乳糖苷（Cyanidin3-O—galactoside,Cy3Ga）、花青素3-葡萄糖苷（Cyanidin 3-O--glucoside,Cy 3G）、芍药色素3一葡萄糖苷（Peonidin3-O-glucoside,Pn3G）、飞燕草素（Delphinidin,Dp）、花青素（Cyanldin,Cy）、芍药色素（Pconidin,Pn）和锦葵色素（Malvidin,Mv）等9种色素。其中Cy3Ga、Cy3G、Dp和色素19（保留时间13．975min）是木瓜鲜花瓣中4种重要色素,其相对含量均超过检测到色素总合量的10％,分别占检测到色素总含量的17．43％、16．63％、10．27％和23．67％,鲜叶片中买际含量分别为0．3mg／g、0．314mg／g、0．12mg／g和0．427mg／g。其它23种色素的结构和含量需要进一步分析。     

坤血安胶囊中芍药苷含量的测定

采用芍药苷为坤血安胶囊的质量控制指标,并应用高效液相色谱对制剂中芍药苷的含量测定方法进行了研究。     

Enzymatic activities in constructed wetlands and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) biodegradation

The bioaccumulation of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) from industrial products and their mutagenic action has been suggested to be a potential threat to human health. The effects of the most frequently identified PAE, Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and its biodegradation, were examined by comparison of two small scale plots (SSP) of integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands. The influent DBP concentration was 9.84 mg l⁻¹ in the treatment plot and the control plot received no DBP. Soil enzymatic activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, protease, phosphatase, urease, cellulase, β-glucosidase, were measured in the two SSP after DBP application for 1 month and 2 months, and 1 month after the final application. Both treatment and control had significantly higher enzyme activity in the surface soil than in the subsurface soil (P<0.001) and greater enzyme activity in the down-flow chamber than in the up-flow chamber (P<0.05). In the constructed wetlands, DBP enhanced the activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, protease, phosphatase and inhibited the activities of urease, cellulase and β-glucosidase. However, urease, cellulase, β-glucosidase activities were restored 1 month following the final DBP addition. Degradation of DBP was greater in the surface soil and was reduced in sterile soil, indicating that this process may be mediated by aerobic microorgansims. DBP degradation fitted a first-order model, and the kinetic equation showed that the rate constant was 0.50 and 0.17 d⁻¹, the half-life was 1.39 and 4.02 d, and the r² was 0.99 and 0.98, in surface and subsurface soil, respectively. These results indicate that constructed wetlands are able to biodegrade organic PAEs such as DBP.     

黑豆不同发芽期VC变化规律研究

采用0.1%的草酸作为流动相,研究用高效液相色谱法测定黑豆不同发芽期VC的含量。通过正交试验分析:当溶液pH值7.5,温度23℃培养7 d时,黑豆芽中VC含量最高,并且黑豆芽的外观品质较好。     

Pharmacokinetics of Flunixin Meglumine After Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration in Pigs

Pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine （FM） was investigated in 14 healthy pigs following single intravenous （i.v.） and intramuscular （i.m.） administration of the drug at the dosage of 2.2 and 1.1 mg kg-1. Blood samples were collected at different intervals after administration, and concentrations of FM were determined by HPLC method with a limit of detection of 0.1μg mL-1. The FM concentration-time data were fitted to a two-compartment open model after single i.v. dosing in pigs. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows： tl/2a, 0.49 ± 0.03 and 0.58±0.07 h; tl/2β, 6.28±0.13 and 7.37 ±0.59 h; V/F, 0.01 ±0.001 and 0.01 ±0.002 L kg-1; CL, 0.01 ± 0.002 and 0.01 ± 0.002 L h-l; AUC, 237.73 ± 52.46 and 147.71 ± 36.76μg h-1 mL-1. The drug concentration-time data were fitted to a two-compartment model with first-order absorption after single i.m. administration in pigs. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows： t1/2α, 0.90± 0.07 and 0.86±0.10 h; t1/2β, 8.79±0.85 and 9.60±0.10 h; V/F, 0.02±0.004 and 0.02±0.003 L kg-1; CL, 0.01±0.002 and 0.01 ±0.003 L h-l; AUC, 174.63 ± 45.84 and 112.42 ± 31.19 pg h-1 mL 1. The results of the present study showed that FM was rapidly absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in pigs. The drug was completely absorbed after single i.m. administration and a good bioavailability in pigs.     

纳豆发酵过程中的生物胺

研究通过丹磺酰氯柱前衍生,用HPLC对纳豆发酵过程中的生物胺进行检测。结果表明纳豆发酵过程中可产生亚精胺、精胺、腐胺和酪胺。发酵12至18h,生物胺含量从268.7±0.32mg·kg-1增加到347.7±24.31mg·kg-1,18～24h生物胺含量变化不大。纳豆中95%以上的生物胺是对人体没有直接毒性的多聚胺,其中亚精胺约占70%;对人体有直接毒性的生物胺只检测到酪胺,其含量小于14mg·kg-1。在2种商品纳豆中检测到亚精胺、精胺和腐胺,没检测到酪胺,总生物胺含量分别为84.1±1.52mg·kg-1和104.0±4.30mg·kg-1。     

龙眼肉中9种核苷类成分的高效液相色谱分析

利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法同时分离测定了龙眼肉中的9种核苷类成分(尿嘧啶、胞苷、尿苷、胸腺嘧啶、次黄嘌呤核苷、鸟苷、胸苷、腺嘌呤相对标准偏差和腺苷)。分离柱为Nucleosil C18反相柱(250 mm×4 mm),流动相为0.01 mol/L的KH2PO4和甲醇,梯度洗脱,流速1 mL/min,检测波长260 nm,柱温40℃。用外标法测定龙眼肉中9种核苷成分的含量。在供试条件下,选取9种核苷标准品的线性范围为0.05~3.20μg/mL,相关系数r=0.9999~1.0000;标准品在0~48 h内经多次测定,保留时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为0.133%~1.156%和1.153%~3.023%;回收率和回收率相对标准偏差分别为98.79%~107.34%和1.411%~4.544%;仪器最低检出限分别为0.0035~0.0136μg/mL。     

钩藤中钩藤碱的提取和含量测定

[目的]研究钩藤中钩藤碱的提取和含量测定方法。[方法]采用生物碱回流提取方法提取,采用高效液相色谱法对钩藤中钩藤碱的含量进行测定并计算提取率。[结果]专属性考察结果显示,钩藤碱的保留时间约为18.843 min,异钩藤碱的保留时间约在22.323min,两峰分离度良好,且钩藤药材中其他成分不干扰测定;含量测定结果显示,钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量分别为23.23、129.17μg/g,加样回收试验平均回收率分别为99.12%、101.33%,RSD分别为1.84%、1.56%。[结论]该方法稳定、有效、准确度高,可用于钩藤中钩藤碱的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定果实中花色素苷含量

建立了果实中花色素苷的HPLC测定方法,采用ODS-C18柱(250 nm×4.6 nm),流动相A:1.6%甲酸水溶液;B:1.6%甲酸甲醇溶液,梯度洗脱为0~5 min,85%A 15%B;5~10 min,80%A 20%B;10~30 min,72%A 28%B;30~36 min,40%A 60%B;36~48 min,100%B。检测波长510 nm,流速为1 mL/min。2种花色素苷在0.00104~0.0104 mg/mL范围内线性良好,最低检出限为0.02μg/mL,平均回收率为99.5%和99.25%,平均标准偏差为1.98%和2.50%,并测定了大石早生李和藤稔葡萄中花色素苷含量。