水稻的施肥时期和方法

优质高产水稻的施肥时期和方法很重要,起着决定性的作用,因此重点分析几种基本肥料的施肥时间以及方法,仅供参考。     

A comparison between X‐ray fluorescence and dissolution methods employing lithium metaborate fusion for elemental analysis of soil clays

Abstract

A method employing fusion of soil clay samples with lithium metaborate (1:5 ratio) in a furnace at 1050°C for 1 hr. subsequent dissolution of the fused sample in 4% HNO₃. and elemental analysis for Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, and Ti by atomic absorption spectrometry was compared with the X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) fused disc technique for analysis. Duplicated analyses were performed on 15 clay samples from soils of the southern U.S and three API reference samples. The mean total percent recovery by this method was excellent (100.14 ± 2.85). Elemental oxide quantities in terms of SiO₂. Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO, CaO and K₂O determined by atomic absorption/flame emission (AA/FE) spectroscopy were in good agreement with values measured by x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) on the same subsamples (r = 0.89^* to 0.98^**). but somewhat more variable on subsamples seperated from different pretreatments (r = 0.70^* to 0.97^** ). The method, which has also been tested on 36 additional clay samples from a variety of Kentucky soils with total percent recoveries ranging from 96.5 ‐ 103.5%. demonstrated no bias due to mineralogy with respect to mixed, montmorillonitic. and siliceous classes. This technique presents numerous advantages over other elemental analysis techniques utilizing fusion, dissolution, or XRF spectroscopy with respect to time, effort and cost. With the introduction of inductively‐coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectroscopy. efficiency can be additionally improved.     

Observations on the bismuth sulfide colorimetric procedure for sulfate analysis in soil

Abstract

The bismuth sulfide and methylene blue colorimetric finishes for soil sulfate determination by the Johnson‐Nishita distillation method were examined and compared. Both procedures gave comparable results when applied to soils and soil extracts, but the bismuth method was more rapid and more reliable. Nitrogen flow rate over the range 100–500 ml/min was not critical for the bismuth method, provided appropriate distillation times were employed. However, the release and transfer of hydrogen sulfide in the bismuth method was effected in one‐third of the time required for the méthylène blue finish, largely due to the elimination of a gas‐washing step. Predrying of soil extract samples increased recovery of hydrogen sulfide with the bismuth procedure arid could be used to increase sensitivity. Nitrate interference was observed with the bismuth procedure but attributed to interference during the reduction step. The bismuth procedure can readily be adapted for microdetermination in the 0–40 ppm sulfate‐S range.     

大学生阅读状况调查——关于大学生阅读状况与国内出版业发展的关系

随着时代发展高等教育规模的扩大,在校大学生的队伍不断扩大,他们所要获取的知识层次和结构悄然改变,与之相适应的国内图书业也随之发生巨大变革。大学生的阅读状况影响着国内图书业的发展,针对大学生阅读状况的调查与分析,以此侧面来了解国内目前图书业的发展状况。     

Growth Analysis ＆ Model of Larix gmelinii Plantation

以黑龙江省拜泉县为试验点，对兴安落叶松人工林的生长及生长模型进行研究，目的在于确定它的适宜生长环境、生长高峰期及生长规律，使林木在最有价值期获得管护。结果表明，兴安落叶松人工林适合阴坡湿润的环境，5-10年为生长高峰，材积平均生长量采用V=a＋b1A＋b2A2模型。     

中、大型轧花机棉子梳的有限元分析与改进设计

棉子梳是轧花机中有效控制毛头率的部件,中、大型轧花机的棉子梳较长,在棉子卷压力和子棉卷转动对棉子梳所产生的切向力作用下,中间部分一段长度范围变形较大,导致轧花机整个幅宽方向毛头率不一致,不但损失了衣分,而且直接影响了皮棉质量。针对上述问题,利用ANSYS Workbench有限元分析软件对棉子梳进行静力学分析,通过建模、加载、计算及后处理,获得棉子梳的变形分布情况,经与实际轧花过程中的棉子梳变形结果比对是一致的。基于此对棉子梳提出改进方案,并通过试验对比分析改进前后的毛头率。结果表明,改进后的棉子梳有效解决了大、中型轧花机的毛头率不一致问题。     

有机与无机肥料对山地梨枣品质的影响

设置不同无机肥料(氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和氮磷钾混合肥施用)、不同有机肥(沼肥和腐熟油渣肥)和不施肥(对照),研究不同施肥方法对梨枣的水分含量,总糖、可溶性固形物、还原型抗坏血酸和总抗坏血酸、质构特性以及有机酸的影响。结果表明:肥料对梨枣的水分含量没有显著性影响,显著降低了梨枣的苹果酸,柠檬酸和有机酸总含量。有机肥沼肥和腐熟油渣肥可显著提高梨枣的果皮果肉硬度和咀嚼性以及可溶性固形物、总糖含量、抗坏血酸含量,酒石酸含量却显著降低。无机肥料氮肥、磷肥、钾肥中,钾肥有利于梨枣的可溶性固形物、总糖、抗坏血酸,苹果酸和柠檬酸的含量积累,而酒石酸含量却减少。表明增施有机肥和钾肥有利于山地梨枣品质的提高。     

RTK网络基站新技术的应用——十漫高速公路土地登记测量网络基站试验

目前常规RTK技术在测区情况复杂的条件下时常遇到作业距离短、流动站失锁频繁、架设基准站次数多的问题,造成作业效率低下,不能充分发挥RTK技术的特色。基于网络基站的RTK技术是GPS-RTK技术的进一步延伸,其通过互联网接入的通讯方式向流动站传送参考站数据,采用网络通讯大大延伸了RTK的作业半径,扩展其作业范围,并将定位精度和可靠性进一步提高。以十漫高速公路土地登记测量项目为例,通过作业流程和数据精度分析表明,网路基站技术比常规RTK技术更加优越,从而为类似工程线性测量工作开辟了新的途径。     

蝴蝶兰27个品种观赏性状评价

应用主成分分析法对蝴蝶兰27个品种的12个观赏性状进行分析.结果表明:12个性状指标可以分为6个主成分.主成分的方差贡献率达全部性状信息的86.61％；通过计算各品种的重要主成分值.得出10个观赏性状优良的品种.其结果与实际情况相近.     

低压热水锅炉修复工艺

分析了低压热水锅炉锅筒变形的原因,通过采用镶补焊接等措施使修复后的锅炉各项技术指标达到国家标准,满足了使用要求。